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Query: UMLS:C0000729 (abdominal cramps)
 531 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Current recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis include oral amoxycillin, and erythromycin or clindamycin for the penicillin-allergic patient. The authors report the serum concentrations and side effects which may be expected after the recommended oral doses of these compounds. Single doses of 3 g amoxycillin and 600 mg clindamycin, and two doses of erythromycin (1.5 g and 0.5 g 6 h apart) were administered in a random sequence to each of 12 volunteers. After administration, peak serum concentrations of amoxycillin and clindamycin were 27 mg/l and 5.5 mg/l respectively. Amoxycillin was eliminated more rapidly than clindamycin. Serum concentrations of erythromycin were below the sensitivity limit of the assay (0.03 mg/l) in 3 volunteers at 1 h and in 2 at 2 h. The mean peak serum concentrations was 3.1 mg/l. Peak levels were associated with gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, abdominal cramps and vomiting. The implications of these findings are discussed with respect to use of these antibiotics for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1984 Sep 15
PMID:[Prevention of endocarditis using amoxycillin, clindamycin or erythromycin. Pharmacokinetic observations]. 648 53

A newly synthesized 16, 16-dimethyl trans delta 2 PGE1 methyl ester (ONO 802) was clinically applied in the form of a vaginal suppository for therapeutic abortion of second trimester pregnancies. Its effects were studied in a double-blind test comparing it with an inactive placebo suppository. The study was conducted at 12 Japanese university hospitals. The number of patients was 125 in total, i.e. 63 receiving ONO 802 vaginal suppository (containing 1.0 mg ONO 802) and 62 receiving inactive placebo suppository. ONO 802 was more effective than placebo with a success rate of 87% (complete (71%) and incomplete (16%) abortions). The onset of uterine contractions was observed in 154.3+/-18.1 min. and the onset of uterine bleeding in 323.6+/-41.0 min. The expulsion of the fetus and placenta was observed in 955.4+/-97.0 and 961.6+/-97.0 min., respectively. The cervix dilating effect of ONO 802 was observed in 63.5% of the patients at 3 hours after the start of administration. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea and pyrexia were noticed. However, all these side effects were transient and mild, requiring no treatment. No abnormality was observed in the puerperal course, duration of uterine bleeding or onset of subsequent menstruation following the therapeutic abortion. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that ONO 802 vaginal suppository was an effective and valuable drug for therapeutic abortion of second trimester pregnancies.
Prostaglandins Leukot Med 1982 Sep
PMID:Abortifacient effect and uterine cervix-dilating action of 16, 16-dimethyl trans delta 2 PGE1 methyl ester (ONO 802) in the form of a vaginal suppository (a randomized, double-blind, controlled study in the second trimester of pregnancy). 675 61

28 cases of phallinic syndrome have been studied: 24 out of them were from amanita phalloides poisoning and 4 from amanita verna poisoning. After a lag phase lasting from 7 to 30 hours, symptomatology characterized by starting gastroenteric troubles as vomit, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, meteorism and pain following abdomen palpation. In one case the syndrome started with parasympathicomimetic crisis, probabily due to ingested amanita containing muscarinic type poison. Subsequent evolution of clinical picture included signs of hepatic and renal involvement. As far as laboratory diagnosis is concerned, high levels of serum aminotransferases were found and, less frequently, hyperbilirubinmia and high BUN levels occurred. In severe cases, in addition, lowered values for plasma prothrombine, fibrinogen and cholinesterase were found. Low therapeutic effect followed rehydration, equilibration of electrolytic unbalance and administration of thioctic acid, coagulants and so on. As a matter of fact 3 out or 28 patients, treated only with such therapy, died. On the contrary good therapeutic effect followed to peritoneal dialysis, in two cases coupled to exchange transfusion: 10 patients were treated in such a way and no one died but all of them quickly recovered. Forced diuresis also appeared greatly useful and practical in therapeutic treatment of phallinic syndrome: results compared favourably with those obtained by means of peritoneal dialysis. As a matter of fact 15 patients, 5 of them having ingested a great amount of amanita phalloides, were treated with forced diuresis and no one of them died. Finally, the need is stressed for a very quick therapeutic intervention (exchange transfusion; plasmapheresis; peritoneal dialysis; forced diuresis, and so on) in order to lower the plasma concentration of the toxins responsible for the phallinic syndrome. Only in such a way diffusion of toxins from blood to tissues is avoided.
Minerva Med 1981 Sep 29
PMID:[Phallin syndrome. Reports on 28 cases]. 679 69

Five cases of fatal neonatal echovirus type 11 infection were observed in the Boston area during the summer and fall of 1979. Four of the mothers experienced gastroenteritis with fever and abdominal cramps late in the third trimester of pregnancy. The clinical course of each case was characterized by jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive hepatic failure; all five infants were severely hypotonic. At autopsy massive hepatic and adrenal hemorrhage and necrosis, with evidence of consumption coagulopathy, were found. Echovirus type 11 was isolated from various sites before and after death. The histopathologic features and epidemiologic aspects of these cases are briefly discussed.
Hum Pathol 1983 Sep
PMID:Postmortem manifestations of echovirus 11 sepsis in five newborn infants. 688 39

Zomepirac sodium was compared with placebo for relief of primary dysmenorrhea syndrome in a double-blind, crossover study of 47 patients. The agents were taken in three separate crossovers during six menstrual periods. Abdominal cramping and 25 other symptoms of dysmenorrhea syndrome were evaluated daily. Zomepirac was significantly more effective than placebo in relieving 12 of 13 primary symptoms and 6 of 13 associated symptoms (P less than or equal to 0.05). While taking zomepirac, patients were able to continue normal activities on a significantly higher proportion of days (P less than 0.001) and required supplemental analgesics significantly less often (P less than 0.001). Zomepirac was well tolerated by these patients. Gastrointestinal disturbances accounted for the largest proportion of adverse effects from either agent. These results indicate that zomepirac gave excellent relief of the symptoms of dysmenorrhea in this study population.
N Engl J Med 1982 Sep 16
PMID:Zomepirac sodium in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea syndrome. 705 Jul 11

Adverse reactions to intravenous anaesthetics and muscle relaxants are characterised by peripheral vasodilatation with oedema, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchospasm and (more rarely) vomiting and abdominal cramps. The number of published cases in the U.K. is rising yearly. The frequency with all cremophor-containing drugs is about 1 in 1,000 cases but the number recorded following other induction agents is increasing. Most reactions following muscle relaxants have been documented in other countries but this probably reflects local interpretation rather than true geographical differences. The incidence could be reduced by avoiding the use of all cremophor-containing drugs and death from actual incidents could be prevented by having adequate resuscitation measures available.
Klin Wochenschr 1982 Sep 01
PMID:Epidemiology of adverse reactions in anaesthesia in the United Kingdom. 713 39

12 cases of food-borne botulism were registered in Sion, Switzerland, between 31 December, 1993 and 12 January, 1994. A type B toxin was isolated from the serum of one patient and from the incriminated ham. Clinical data of 10 male patients aged 21 to 54 years and some epidemiologic data are reported. The clinical course was mild to moderate with predominant autonomic and gastro-intestinal symptoms and signs: blurred vision (10 patients of 10), dry mouth with dysphagia (9/10), asthenia (7/10), diarrhea and/or constipation (7/10), nausea and vomiting (6/10), abdominal cramps (5/10), impaired sexual function (5/10), dilated pupils (4/10). Some discomfort (mainly blurred vision, asthenia and impaired sexual function) persisted for several months in most patients. Neuromuscular involvement was never the reason for seeking medical assistance and had often disappeared at the time of the first visit. Two patients were hospitalized, one for transient ileus of unknown origin and the second (first suspected case) for monitoring and infusion of trivalent equine botulinum antitoxin. This treatment was administered on day eight after intoxication and had no effect on this patient's outcome when compared with others. No patient died. Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of botulism are discussed.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1995 Sep 30
PMID:[Epidemic of type B botulism: Sion, December 1993-January 1994]. 748 37

Two Escherichia coli O-rough:K1:H7 strains producing verotoxin 1 that were isolated from stool samples of two travelers with diarrhea who consulted our clinic after trips to the Indian Subcontinent and Central America were characterized. Both strains were sorbitol negative, the same phenotype presented by E. coli O157:H7, but in contrast they were beta-glucuronidase positive. Low-frequency restriction analysis of chromosomal DNA and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and repetitive extragenic palindrome-PCR showed that both strains were epidemiologically related. The illness was self-limited in both cases but involved long-duration, watery diarrhea (10 to 50 days) accompanied by abdominal cramps and flatulence. This serotype should be taken into account as a possible cause of traveler's diarrhea.
J Clin Microbiol 1997 Sep
PMID:Isolation of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O-rough:K1:H7 from two patients with traveler's diarrhea. 927 2

The case of a 30-year-old male, who presented with a three months history of fever, night sweats, weight loss and myalgia is reported. Subsequently abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhea and mononeuropathy multiplex developed. An abdominal and renal angiogram showed changes of vascular structures diagnostic for polyarteritis nodosa. An immunosuppressive treatment (Prednisolon 100 mg/day and Cyclophosphamid 200 mg/day) was started. However, diffuse peritonitis as the aftermath of bowel infarction, which comprised the total length of the jejunum and the proximal parts of the ileum, developed at the third week of this treatment. Despite immediate surgical resection of the ischemic bowel septic complications occurred and the patient died.
Z Gastroenterol 1998 Sep
PMID:[Recurrent abdominal colic, myalgia and mononeuritis multiplex]. 979 13

In children, the diagnostic approach for cystic abdominal tumors (e.g., intestinal duplication) usually includes CT scan, ultrasound (US), and MRI. In small children and babies, the diagnosis is often made by laparotomy. We present our preliminary experience with laparoscopic-assisted surgery (LAS) in two girls. Both children underwent US as the diagnostic approach using imaging techniques. If an intraabdominal mass was identified as cystic or solid, the second step was diagnostic laparoscopy with LAS. One of the girls, a 9-year-old, had a history of appendectomy and abdominal cramps. US revealed a cystic structure in the right lower quadrant. Laparoscopy showed an intestinal duplication, which was mobilized; a segmental small bowel resection was then performed. The second girl, a (6-month-old,) had an antenatal diagnosed cystic mass. A small bowel duplication was found laparoscopically, completely mobilized and excised, and harvested through a small umbilical incision. The postop course was uneventful. In former times, transverse laparotomy and Pfannenstil incision were the most common surgical approaches. LAS combines an excellent means of exploration with the simultaneous performance of definitive surgery. Perfect cosmetic results can be achieved even in children with rare pathology.
Surg Endosc 2000 Sep
PMID:The role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal duplication in childhood. A report of two cases. 1128 99


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