Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000729 (abdominal cramps)
 531 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five patients who had injected intravenous (i.v.) phenmetrazine or methamphetamine developed marked prostration resembling septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, and azotemia. Soon after injection, four noted chills, fever, sweats, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Within hours, they developed vomiting, myalgias, paresthesias, headache, and orthostasis. Cardiorespiratory arrest, accelerated bleeding, and noncardiac pulmonary edema were observed in one patient. From 4 to 11 litres of saline were required in the first 24 h to maintain blood pressure and urine output, suggesting that shock resulted from massive loss of intravascular volume into necrotic muscle. Recognition of this syndrome and treatment by aggressive volume replacement led to the recovery of all five patients.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis and shock after intravenous amphetamine administration. 84 98

2 cases of unrecognized oviduct pregnancy receiving therapeutic abortion by uterine aspiration are reported. A 29-year-old white female, gravida 4, para 2 with a Dalkon Shield in place for 2 1/2 years and with 6 weeks amenorrhea received a therapeutic abortion. 3 days later the patient complained of fever and severe suprapubic cramps. Minocycline was given in the belief that the patient was suffering from endometritis. 17 days after uterine aspiration the pain increased. At laparoscopy a corpus luteum was seen in the left ovary and blood was present in the pelvis. Histological examination of the oviducts revealed signs of an aborted oviduct pregnant. A 2nd case concerned a 26-year-old white female, gravida 2, para 2, using the Ogino-Knaus method of contraception and who had a normal menses 7 weeks previously. 12 days after uterine aspiration the patient complained of continued vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal cramps, and chills. After uterine aspiration was repeated minocycline therapy was initated. 20 days after the initial aspiration the patient reported a return of vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. Laparotomy revealed a ruptured oviduct. Histology showed salpingitis and fusion of the right fimbria and a large blood clot and trophoblastic villi in the lumen of the right ampulla. In the future it is suggested that histological examination of the aspiration should be performed to aid in finding oviductal or ovarian pregnancies.
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PMID:Case reports: unrecognized oviduct pregnancy and therapeutic abortion by uterine aspiration. 97 19

Nursing management of second trimester abortion by PGE2 suppository after cervical dilatation with laminaria or Lamicel focuses on monitoring and treating side effects, managing pain, and supporting the patient emotionally. Mean abortion time by this method is 15-17 hours, within 24 hours in 80% of women. The side effects expected from PGs are nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. Premedication with transdermal scopolamine, and ancillary methods such as giving ice chips, airing the room, keeping the patient clean are helpful. Acetaminophen is given orally or rectally for fever, headache, or chills. A beta-adrenergic tocolytic drug such as ritodrine HC1 is given if uterine contractions become tetanic, contractions 2-3 per minute or lasting longer than 6-90 seconds, detected by palpation. This drug must be used with caution in patients with asthma. Pain management in midtrimester abortion depends solely on the woman's comfort. Meperidine, morphine, epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine, lidocaine or morphine SO4, or patient-controlled anesthesia may be used. The nurse should monitor side effects such as hypotension, allergic responses, arrhythmias, and inability to void. Midtrimester abortion is often a stress-filled experience, since women may be ambivalent upon learning of fetal abnormalities. The women should be monitored after delivery to ensure that her uterus remains contracted, and assisted if surgical removal of retained products is necessary. Patients teaching for discharge, including medication to prevent lactation, is described. A care plan is suggested for assisting the family with bereavement, based on that used in case of stillbirth or neonatal deaths.
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PMID:Second-trimester termination of pregnancy: nursing care. 156 89

In June 1983, an outbreak of waterborne giardiasis occurred in a group of 93 university students and faculty participating in a geology field course in Colorado. All cases occurred in one subgroup of persons who were heavily exposed to untreated stream water on a field trip, and the risk of illness was strongly related to the amount of untreated stream water consumed. The median incubation period from a brief exposure to the first symptom was 7 days. The authors compared symptoms and stool sample results among 31 Giardia-positive persons in the exposed group and 36 Giardia-negative participants in an unexposed group to assess several case definitions for acute giardiasis. Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, flatulence, foul-smelling stools, nausea, excessive tiredness, bloating, anorexia, and chills were each significantly more common in the first group than in the second. A giardiasis case definition of 5 days or more of diarrhea--the definition used in many epidemiologic studies of giardiasis--had a specificity of 100 percent but a sensitivity of only 32.2 percent compared with a definition based on results of stool examinations. When a case was defined as an illness lasting 7 days or more, with a combination of two or more of six symptoms (diarrhea, flatulence, foul-smelling stools, nausea, abdominal cramps, and excessive tiredness), sensitivity rose to 73 percent, with a specificity of 88 percent. Such a case definition may be an improvement over that of 5 days of diarrhea, especially in outbreaks where there is good laboratory documentation that Giardia is the etiologic agent. The definition should be validated in other outbreaks and in situations where giardiasis must be distinguished from gastrointestinal disease caused by other agents.
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PMID:Acute giardiasis: an improved clinical case definition for epidemiologic studies. 199 3

An explosive outbreak of gastrointestinal illness occurred among students and employees at a small college in Florida in November 1980. Common symptoms were diarrhea, nausea, weakness, abdominal cramps, chills, vomiting, and low-grade fever. Cases of illness were identified in 40% of 628 students and 15% of 162 employees who responded to a survey. Among students, there was a sevenfold excess risk associated with eating one or more meals at the campus cafeteria November 3-5 (p much less than 0.001). Tossed salad from one meal was strongly associated with illness (p less than 0.0001). Fecal contamination of the salad was documented, although the source of contamination was not identified. Person-to-person spread could not be demonstrated. Seroconversion to Norwalk antigen occurred in significantly more cases (5/6) than noncases (1/6) (p = 0.04).
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PMID:Norwalk virus gastroenteritis. An outbreak associated with a cafeteria at a college. 299 Jan 97

An invasive strain of Escherichia coli (ONT:NM) was isolated from stool specimens from 7 of 10 ill passengers who developed diarrhea during a 5-day ocean cruise. The ill passengers had shared no common exposures off the ship before or during the cruise. Three of the persons whose stools were cultured were part of a tour group of 219 persons, and a food consumption and health history questionnaire was completed by 190 members (87%) of this tour group. Forty-seven (25%) had had diarrhea during the cruise; other symptoms among those with diarrhea included nausea (72%), abdominal cramps (68%), headache (68%), chills (60%), dizziness (53%), myalgias (43%), subjective fever (36%), and vomiting (26%). The median duration of symptoms was 3 days. Eating at cold buffets on ship and eating potato salad, a buffet food item, were significantly associated with illness. No evidence of secondary spread of illness in household contacts of the ill person was found.
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PMID:Outbreak of invasive Escherichia coli gastroenteritis on a cruise ship. 637 5

We report a 48-year-old man admitted for watery diarrhea, high fever, chills and abdominal cramps. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 was isolated. This new, dangerous pathogen causes dysentery and complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. These complications can cause renal failure, neurological deficit and death. Recognition of E. coli O157:H7 infection is important since it causes a rare and dangerous condition. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case reported in Israel.
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PMID:[Acute gastroenteritis caused by enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7]. 1090 34

A combination of mifepristone and misoprostol is the regimen of choice for termination of pregnancy between 13 to 26 weeks. In many countries, mifepristone is still not available, and misoprostol has to be used alone. Many misoprostol-alone regimens have been reported in the literature with apparently good results. Most of the trials were conducted in pregnancies between 13 and 22 weeks. For this gestational period, we recommend the regimen of 400 microg of vaginal misoprostol every 3 h up to 5 doses, as it appears to be effective without excessive side effects or complications. There is inadequate data to recommend a regimen for the gestational period of 23 to 26 weeks but it is advisable to reduce the dose and frequency of administration of misoprostol. Common side effects of misoprostol-induced termination of pregnancy include gastrointestinal side effects, abdominal cramps, bleeding, fever and chills. Complications may include infection or rarely rupture of uterus.
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PMID:Misoprostol for the termination of pregnancy with a live fetus at 13 to 26 weeks. 1796 66

Loperamide is an antidiarrheal agent available as an inexpensive over-the-counter (OTC) medication. In general, it is considered to be safe, but lately, loperamide drug abuse has been reported due to its opioid properties. When used in high doses, several harmful effects including cardiotoxicity, central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory depression have been reported. This prompted the FDA to release a warning in 2016 regarding the arrhythmogenic potential of loperamide. We present a case of a 32-year-old male with a history of polysubstance abuse who presented to the emergency department (ED) requesting "detoxification" from loperamide. The patient complained of opiate withdrawal symptoms including chills, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and abdominal cramps thought to be secondary to the abuse of loperamide. He was found to have right bundle branch block (RBBB) and bradycardia with a heart rate (HR) of 51 beats per min (bpm). He also reported an unexplained syncopal episode, one day prior to visiting the ED. In the current case report, we discuss loperamide abuse, its harmful effects, and management.
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PMID:Bradycardia and Syncope in a Patient Presenting With Loperamide Abuse. 3001 63

Bacillus pumilus has rarely been reported as a cause of human infections. We report a case of a B. pumilus causing food poisoning in an adult male. A 51-year-old Japanese man complained of severe abdominal cramps, fever with chills, diarrhea, dizziness, and loss of appetite after eating reheated rice with stewed minced meat purchased from a Kenyan restaurant. Bacillus pumilus was isolated from blood culture and was identified using a biochemical test and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The patient was treated with probiotics and ciprofloxacin and recovered after 3 days. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the potential role of B. pumilus as a foodborne pathogen in Kenya and highlights the importance of good hygiene and food preparation practices.
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PMID:Case Report: Bacillus pumilus-Caused Bacteremia in a Patient with Food Poisoning. 3062 69


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