Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000729 (abdominal cramps)
 531 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 61 cases of ibuprofen overdosage reported consecutively to the Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center from September 1985 through April 1986, 16 were excluded because of incomplete follow-up or concurrent medication ingestion. A toxic reaction developed in 7 (16%) of the remaining 45 patients. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, mild central nervous system depression, coma, tachycardia, apnea, metabolic acidosis with or without respiratory alkalosis, hematemesis, and oliguric renal failure were noted. Two of six adults had a toxic reaction, and one died. Among pediatric patients, 5/39 (13%) had a toxic reaction. Of patients whose ibuprofen ingestion was less than 104 mg per kg, none became ill. All patients in whom the time of ingestion was known (six of seven) and who had a toxic reaction did so within four hours of ingestion. An ibuprofen overdose, although usually benign, can occasionally produce serious toxicity.
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PMID:Ibuprofen overdose--a prospective study. 317 71

15 women complaining of chronic constipation were included in a prospective open trial to determine the laxative action and minimal effective dose of lactitol. Through the administration of increasing doses, an ED50 of 0.25 g/kg/day, was established. During a 15-day treatment period at the minimal effective dose, all patients had reduced symptoms of constipation as compared with a previous 15-day control period. Side effects of minor intensity were frequently recorded (flatulence, rumblings, wind, and, less frequently, abdominal cramps or nausea). Thus, the use of lactitol for symptomatic treatment of constipation deserves further clinical studies to determine better its indications and benefit.
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PMID:[Dose-response curve and preliminary clinical study of a laxative, lactilol]. 322 88

Voluntary abortions in day hospitals fulfill the need for shorter hospital stays and minimal interference with patient activities; on the other hand, it makes it more difficult to evaluate the possible complications of anesthesia. 1820 patients who received general anesthesia for voluntary abortion were given a questionnaire before they were discharged; items queried included drowsiness, headache, dizziness, nausea or vomiting, sore throat or mouth, abdominal cramps, pain at IV site, backache or muscular cramps, inability to perform daily activities. Only 465 patients returned the questionnaire. The most frequent complaint was sleepiness or drowsiness (19.8%), headache (7.1%), dizziness (15.1%), nausea or vomiting (8.2%), abdominal cramps (24.7%), and backache (16.7%). There seems to be less nausea or vomiting with the use of pentothal rather than alothane. Ketamine was never used on its own. The findings seen to suggest that the simplest combinations of drugs result in fewer and less severe complications than the use of several drugs.
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PMID:[Minor sequelae of ambulatory anesthesia]. 345 85

Information from animal studies has demonstrated the harmful effects of zinc supplementation on copper transport. Although some studies have been carried out in humans, the effect on humans has not been as well documented as the effect on animals. Forty-seven healthy volunteers (26 women and 21 men) took part in a double-blind cross-over trial which lasted for 12 weeks. The subjects were asked to take 50 mg of elemental zinc (as 220 mg zinc sulphate) or placebo, three times a day for six weeks. Venous blood was collected for the analysis of plasma levels of copper and zinc. Symptoms, which included headaches, abdominal cramps, nausea, loss of appetite and vomiting, were registered from 84% of women and 18% of men. Six female volunteers discontinued the trial; five owing to gastric irritation and one owing to consistent headaches. Plasma zinc levels rose significantly in both men and women, the increase being 36% and 57%, respectively. Plasma copper levels did not change significantly. Our study suggests that the gastric discomfort that is associated with zinc supplementation may be related to body weight as symptoms were reported from the lower-weight volunteers. Our study also shows no detrimental effect of 150 mg of zinc a day on plasma copper levels in healthy volunteers over a period of six weeks.
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PMID:The effect of zinc supplements on plasma zinc and copper levels and the reported symptoms in healthy volunteers. 354 53

Four patients with elevated serum boric acid levels after single, acute ingestions of 10 to 297 grams were reported to the Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center (RMPDC) between January 1983 and August 1985. Systemic effects were absent. In 1983-4, 364 cases of boric acid exposure were reported to the RMPDC with only one fatality from a probable chronic ingestion. Vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps were rather common. Systemic effects were notably absent in acute ingestions. Five of three hundred sixty-four patients had measured serum levels and were the only ones hospitalized. These observations suggest that significant poisoning is unlikely to result from a single, acute ingestion of boric acid. Serum boric acid levels appear to correlate poorly with clinical toxicity following acute ingestion.
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PMID:Acute ingestions of boric acid. 374 85

In September 1983, three clusters of gastrointestinal illness with similar symptoms affected 45 persons in Washington, D.C., after office parties. The illness lasted a mean of 4.4 days and was characterized by watery diarrhea (91%), abdominal cramps (80%), headache (38%), nausea (38%), and subjective fever (20%). Illness was strongly associated with having eaten imported French Brie cheese one to six days before onset of illness (P less than .0001 by Fisher's two-tailed exact test). After publicity about these outbreaks, additional cheese-associated cases were identified over an eight-week period in Illinois, Wisconsin, Georgia, and Colorado. Stool specimens from ill persons in four states yielded Escherichia coli serotype O27:H20. These organisms produced heat-stable enterotoxin and had similar plasmid profiles. When commercially distributed foods are contaminated, enterotoxigenic E. coli can cause widespread disease even in a developed country, and the disease can easily escape correct diagnosis.
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PMID:A multistate outbreak of gastrointestinal illness caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in imported semisoft cheese. 388 58

A point source outbreak of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba infections occurred aboard an oil rig south of Port Arthur, Texas, in September 1981. Sixteen crew members had V. cholerae O1 infections as determined by serology or stool specimens; 15 were symptomatic. The high percentage of symptomatic infections was attributed in part to the ingestion of a large number of V. cholerae O1 organisms by susceptible individuals. Symptoms included diarrheal stools (100%), weakness (60%), abdominal cramps (53%), nausea (40%), and vomiting (27%). Only one of the three patients who sought medical attention was diagnosed by his physician as having cholera. Physicians who treat patients who live near or travel to the Gulf Coast should consider cholera in patients with watery stools. If cholera is suspected, laboratories should use thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar in addition to routine enteric media for processing stool specimens.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory features of an outbreak of Vibrio cholerae O1 infections in the United States. 397 22

A review of the satiating effect of cholecystokinin in humans reveals that the synthetic C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-8) inhibits liquid and solid food intake in non-obese men and women, and in obese men. Side effects, such as nausea, slight stomach sickness or abdominal cramps are infrequent and transient, and they are neither necessary nor sufficient for the inhibition of intake. These results demonstrate the efficacy of the satiating effect of CCK-8 in humans. The therapeutic potential of CCK-8 cannot be estimated until further studies are performed that demonstrate the efficacy of CCK-8 for decreasing body weight and that the safety of CCK-8 when it is administered repetitively for prolonged periods is established.
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PMID:The therapeutic potential of cholecystokinin. 610 Jan 12

The safety, efficacy, and acceptability of menstrual regulation with prostaglandin (PG) El vaginal suppositories was investagated in 534 women whose menses was delayed up to 8 weeks from the last menstrual period. 5 suppositories, each containing 1 mg of 16,16 dimethyl-trans-delta 2 PG El methyl ester, were inserted high in the vagina at 3 hour intervals. The success of treatment was assessed by 2 alternate criteria: 1) induction of bleeding, or 2) induction of bleeding and no surgical intervention. The success rate was 98.9% according to the 1st criterion and 86% according to the 2nd criterion. The mean duration of bleeding after treatment was 6.7 days. 47.9% of women experienced moderate bleeding and 43.8% reported heavy bleeding following treatment. Surgical intervention (curettage or vacuum aspiration) was required in 74 of the 528 bleeding cases and in 1 of the 6 nonbleeding cases with positive signs of pregnancy. The surgical intervention was performed because bleeding was considered to be either excessive or prolonged. Side effects tended to manifest themselves between the 1st and 2nd administration of suppositories. Abdominal cramps occurred in 66% of subjects; other side effects were minimal, including vomiting (2.8%), headache (5.8%), nausea (7.8%), and diarrhea (8.8%). These findings suggest that menstrual regulation with PGE1 suppositories is a safe method with the advantages of ease of administration, reversibility, a high success rate, acceptable bleeding duration, only mild side effects, and induction of menses without the need for surgical intervention. The simplicity of vaginal administration offers potential for self-treatment. Use of this method of menstrual regulation could be especially advantageious in countries with restrictive abortion laws. Single administration of a suppository, or parenteral administration, could improve the acceptability of this method.
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PMID:Menstrual regulation with prostaglandin (Pg ONO 802) in Indonesia. 615 28

Outbreaks of Norwalk gastroenteritis, which may involve persons of all ages, occur during all seasons and in various locations. Waterborne, foodborne, and person-to-person modes of transmission have been described, and secondary person-to-person transmission is common. Outbreaks generally end in about 1 week; longer outbreaks occur only when new groups of susceptible persons are introduced, usually in the setting of a persistent common source of infection. The illness is generally mild and characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Vomiting is the predominant symptom among children, whereas diarrhea is commoner among adults. Forty-two percent of 74 outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis investigated by the Centers for Disease Control from 1976 to 1980 were attributed to the Norwalk virus. The rest resembled Norwalk outbreaks clinically and epidemiologically and were probably caused by 27-nm viral agents similar to the Norwalk virus.
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PMID:Epidemiology of Norwalk gastroenteritis and the role of Norwalk virus in outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis. 628 77


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