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Query: UMLS:C0000729 (abdominal cramps)
 531 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On Feb. 3, 1975, 196 (57%) of 344 passengers and 1 steward aboard a commercial aircraft contracted a gastrointestinal illness characterised by nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhoea; 142 passengers and the steward were admitted to hospital. Symptoms developed shortly after a ham and omelette breakfast had been served. An investigation strongly incriminated ham as the vehicle of the outbreak, and the source seems to have been a cook with lesions on his fingers. The attack-rate was 86% for passengers who ate the ham handled by this cook and 0% for passengers who ate ham handled exclusively by another food preparer. Before being served, the ham and omelette had been held at room temperature for 14 h and at 10 degrees C (50 degrees F) for 14 1/2 h Specimens of stool and vomitus from ill passengers, left-over food, and the finger lesions of the cook were positive for Staphylococcus aureus of identical phage types and antibiotic sensitivities. Preformed enterotoxin was detected in the left-over ham and omelette. This outbreak re-emphasises that people with infected lesion should not handle food and that foods must be stored at temperatures low enough to inhibit the growth of bacteria. To ensure against a common foodborne illness incapacitating the entire flight crew, cockpit crew members should eat different meals prepared by different cooks.
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PMID:Staphylococcal food poisoning aboard a commercial aircraft. 5 19

The second symptomatic case of Entamoeba polecki infection, the first to respond to therapy, is reported. The patient experienced intermittent episodes of abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and malaise associated with large numbers of E. polecki cysts in the stool. Following treatment with diloxanide furoate and metronidazole, all symptoms cleared and the parasite was no longer present in the stool.
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PMID:Successful treatment of symptomatic Entamoeba polecki infection. 45 33

The results of 98 therapeutic abortions in the first and second trimester of pregnancy using F prostaglandins are reported. The prostaglandins were eigher administered by fractionated extra-aminotic PGF2 alpha, intramuscular 15-methyl PGF2 alpha or extra-amniotic or intracervical single shot 15-methyl PGF2 alpha. The induction abortion time of 13 hours and 15minutes for the single shot and 14 hours and 28 minutes for the intramuscular administratic with the prostaglandin derivatives is shorter than with natural prostaglandins which showed a mean induction to abortion time of 19 hours and 30 minutes. The blood loss was low in all groups at approximately 75 mls. Side effects are least with the single shot method (11%). Two patients had nausea, two patients had vomiting, three patients had flush or lower abdominal cramps. The intramuscular administration showed the highest frequency of side effects (80%). In the first trimester the single shot method always leads to sufficient cervical dilatation although the abortion rate was low at 59%. During the second trimester a high abortion rate is found. Therefore this method can be recommended for therapeutic abortions.
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PMID:[New considerations in therapeutic abortions using a second generation prostaglandins (author's transl)]. 47 57

A case report of subacute, reversible ischemic colitis associated with use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is reported. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding of 2 days' duration. Past medical history and family history were noncontributory. The patient was receiving no medication other than Norinyl 2 (2 mg of norethindrone and .1 mg of mestranol), which she had been taking for 6 months. 2 days before admission the patient had taken 100 mg of dimenhydrinate and 2 ExLax tablets (90 mg of phenolphthalein) for constipation. Colonic roentgenograms revealed impaired mesenteric circulation and bowel ischemia; OC-induced ischemic bowel disease was diagnosed. Patient symptoms subsided within 96 hours of discontinuing the OC and initiating supportive therapy (including intravenous fluid infusion, nasogastric suction, analgesics, and antiemetics). When a repeat barium enema was performed, it showed resolution of the ischemia. In a short review following the case report, these drugs were indicted in causation of colitis-like syndrome: amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephazolin, chloramphenicol, chlorpropamide, clindamycin, cloxacillin, cotrimoxasole, cyclophosphamide, digitalis, ergotamine tartrate, flucytosine, fluorouracil, gold salts, laxative and cathartic abuse, mercurous chloride, methyldopa, penicillin V, and tetracycline. Ischemic bowel disease secondary to OC use is a rare but important complication because of its significant morbidity and potential mortality, and because of the widespread use of the drugs. The case report emphasizes the need to consider the differential diagnosis of acute vascular insult with bowel ischemia when acute abdominal pain progressing to bloody diarrhea occurs in young women taking OCs.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive-induced ischemic bowel disease. 48 72

Water hemlock is a ubiquitous plant that can be mistaken for a turnip as in the case reported. Oral ingestion causes an explosive illness consisting of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and grand mal seizures that can progress to cyanosis and death. In the reported case a 30-year old man was found semi-comatose some 75 minutes after ingesting a "turnip". The history revealed profuse emesis shortly after eating lunch that changed from bile to frank blood. There was a mean orthostatic blood pressure change of 30 torr, with an increase in the heart rate of 10%. Neurologic examination revealed a lethargic patient. Following administration of 4 liters of Ringer's lactate the patient's blood pressure stabilized and with continued isotonic fluid maintenance he improved rapidly. This case indicates that appropriate management should be directed toward protecting the patient's airway from gastric aspiration, restoring the intravascular and extracellular volume deficit, and controlling cerebral edema.
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PMID:A case of water hemlock poisoning. 49 28

In March 1974 eight men in Chandpur, Bangladesh, experienced an illness characterized by severe abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting and bloody diarrhea with onset 20 min to 9 h (median 2.5 h) after eating one of two fish dishes at a restaurant. Rectal cultures from all eight grew Kanagawa-positive strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (serotype O3K5) that were negative in the Sereny test for invasiveness and the Y-1 adrenal cell and infant mouse assays for enterotoxin production. The short incubation, severity of abdominal cramps and grossly bloody stools distinguish this illness from that usually associated with V. parahaemolyticus infection in the United States.
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PMID:Vibrio parahaemolyticus enterocolitis in Bangladesh: report of an outbreak. 62 66

A high incidence of diarrhea was reported in a group of approximately 1,400 Americans who traveled to the Portuguese island of Madeira in October 1976. A mail questionnaire survey revealed that 39% of the responding 859 travelers experienced diarrhea; in 42% of these diarrhea lasted for longer than 1 week. The most frequent accompanying symptoms were abdominal cramps (75%), abdominal distention (72%), nausea (70%), and weight loss (40%). Of all travelers surveyed, 33% developed an illness resembling giardiasis with a median incubation period of 4 days. Of 35 ill patients who had a stool culture, enteric pathogens were recovered from 4 (3 Shigella and 1 Salmonella). On the other hand, of 58 ill patients whose stools were examined for parasites, Giardia lamblia was recovered from 27 (47%). Analysis of the epidemiologic data showed that drinking tap-water on the island was significantly associated with illness; eating ice cream or raw vegetables on the island was also implicated. There was no evidence of continuing transmission of giardiasis in American tourists visiting Madeira 8--12 months after the outbreak.
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PMID:Giardiasis in American travelers to Madeira Island, Portugal. 72 17

A case of gold-induced enterocolitis and a review of the literature are reported. Gold-induced enterocolitis appears to be an uncommon reaction, occurring in middle-aged females who have received low doses of gold preparations. Symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea with or without blood. The whole of the gastrointestinal tract may be involved and fatal cases occur. The diagnosis of a primary enteropathic arthropathy may be suggested. Cessation of gold, glucocorticoids and supportive therapy are indicated. The mechanism of the reaction is still unknown.
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PMID:Gold-induced enterocolitis. Case report and literature review. 81 78

Five patients who had injected intravenous (i.v.) phenmetrazine or methamphetamine developed marked prostration resembling septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, and azotemia. Soon after injection, four noted chills, fever, sweats, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Within hours, they developed vomiting, myalgias, paresthesias, headache, and orthostasis. Cardiorespiratory arrest, accelerated bleeding, and noncardiac pulmonary edema were observed in one patient. From 4 to 11 litres of saline were required in the first 24 h to maintain blood pressure and urine output, suggesting that shock resulted from massive loss of intravascular volume into necrotic muscle. Recognition of this syndrome and treatment by aggressive volume replacement led to the recovery of all five patients.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis and shock after intravenous amphetamine administration. 84 98

Thirty five patients with psoriasis (plaque type 26, guttate 3, pustular 4, and erythrodermic 2) were treated with oral mycophenolic acid for a period ranging from 52 to 104 weeks. The average follow-up was 89 weeks, and the dose schedule ranged from 2,400 to 7,200 mg daily. Excellent response was noted in 20 patients, good in 13 patients, and poor in 2. The most common clinical side effects were in the gastrointestinal tract, namely, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, and soft stools. A high incidence of herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and a flu-like syndrome was noted. Laboratory abnormalities consisted of mild blood hemoglobin reduction, one case of leukopenia (3,9000 WBCs per cubic millimeter), two cases with thrombocytopenia and mild elevation of alkaline phosphatase. Mycophenolic acid appears as a promising drug for the treatment of severe psoriasis.
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PMID:Mycophenolic acid in the treatment of psoriasis: long-term administration. 87 14


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