Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000729 (abdominal cramps)
 531 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report of subacute, reversible ischemic colitis associated with use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is reported. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding of 2 days' duration. Past medical history and family history were noncontributory. The patient was receiving no medication other than Norinyl 2 (2 mg of norethindrone and .1 mg of mestranol), which she had been taking for 6 months. 2 days before admission the patient had taken 100 mg of dimenhydrinate and 2 ExLax tablets (90 mg of phenolphthalein) for constipation. Colonic roentgenograms revealed impaired mesenteric circulation and bowel ischemia; OC-induced ischemic bowel disease was diagnosed. Patient symptoms subsided within 96 hours of discontinuing the OC and initiating supportive therapy (including intravenous fluid infusion, nasogastric suction, analgesics, and antiemetics). When a repeat barium enema was performed, it showed resolution of the ischemia. In a short review following the case report, these drugs were indicted in causation of colitis-like syndrome: amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephazolin, chloramphenicol, chlorpropamide, clindamycin, cloxacillin, cotrimoxasole, cyclophosphamide, digitalis, ergotamine tartrate, flucytosine, fluorouracil, gold salts, laxative and cathartic abuse, mercurous chloride, methyldopa, penicillin V, and tetracycline. Ischemic bowel disease secondary to OC use is a rare but important complication because of its significant morbidity and potential mortality, and because of the widespread use of the drugs. The case report emphasizes the need to consider the differential diagnosis of acute vascular insult with bowel ischemia when acute abdominal pain progressing to bloody diarrhea occurs in young women taking OCs.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive-induced ischemic bowel disease. 48 72

A 24-year-old man with agammaglobulinemia developed a form of chronic inflammatory bowel disease over the past 18 years characterized by recurrent diarrhea, malabsorption, and protein-losing enteropathy. In the most recent admission he presented with abdominal cramps and active intestinal bleeding. Radiologic studies showed distal ileal irregularities and strictures that led to two distal intestinal and ileocecal resections. The gross pathologic appearance of these specimens was consistent with regional enteritis. Microscopically, healing ulcers, mucosal irregularities, and a prominent lymphocytic infiltrate without plasma cells or granulomas were observed. Immunocytochemical studies revealed a prominent T-helper cell and a modest T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocyte population in the lamina propria. Early and late B-cell differentiation markers were not detected in any of the cells. The immunocytologic findings suggest that T-helper lymphocytes proliferated without inhibition to stimulate non-existent B cells. The study confirms the occurrence of a regional enteropathy-like lesion in the total absence of B-cell function.
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PMID:Regional enteritis-like enteropathy in a patient with agammaglobulinemia: histologic and immunocytologic studies. 296 59

A 50-year-old woman who had suffered from well-regulated coeliac disease for 16 years, presented with weight loss, soft stools and abdominal cramps. She had ulcers in the oesophagus and stomach, and in biopsies localisations of so-called enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) were detected. During a staging investigation she suffered an enteric perforation and later on repeated haemorrhages, from which she eventually died. Patients with coeliac disease who do not respond to a gluten free diet or who relapse after an initial response should be investigated for the presence of a gastrointestinal malignancy. Weight loss is an important symptom. The most frequently occurring malignant complication is an EATL. This is often difficult to diagnose and the prognosis is poor, with frequent complications such as haemorrhages and perforations.
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PMID:[Patient with refractory celiac disease and secondary lymphoma]. 1155 69

Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the operation of choice for medically refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), for UC with dysplasia, and for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). IPAA can be a treatment option for selected patients with Crohn's colitis without perianal and/or small bowel disease. The term "pouchitis" refers to nonspecific inflammation of the pouch and is a common complication in patients with IPAA; it occurs more often in UC patients than in FAP patients. This suggests that the pathogenetic background of UC may contribute significantly to the development of pouchitis. The symptoms of pouchitis are many, and can include increased bowel frequency, urgency, tenesmus, incontinence, nocturnal seepage, rectal bleeding, abdominal cramps, and pelvic discomfort. The diagnosis of pouchitis is based on the presence of symptoms together with endoscopic and histological evidence of inflammation of the pouch. However, "pouchitis" is a general term representing a wide spectrum of diseases and conditions, which can emerge in the pouch. Based on the etiology we can sub-divide pouchitis into 2 groups: idiopathic and secondary. In idiopathic pouchitis the etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear, while in secondary pouchitis there is an association with a specific causative or pathogenetic factor. Secondary pouchitis can occur in up to 30% of cases and can be classified as infectious, ischemic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced, collagenous, autoimmune-associated, or Crohn's disease. Sometimes, cuffitis or irritable pouch syndrome can be misdiagnosed as pouchitis. Furthermore, idiopathic pouchitis itself can be sub-classified into types based on the clinical pattern, presentation, and responsiveness to antibiotic treatment. Treatment differs among the various forms of pouchitis. Therefore, it is important to establish the correct diagnosis in order to select the appropriate treatment and further management. In this editorial, we present the spectrum of pouchitis and the specific features related to the diagnosis and treatment of the various forms.
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PMID:Inflammatory pouch disease: The spectrum of pouchitis. 2626 64