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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-seven cases of primary peripheral T-cell lymphomas of the intestine (PTLI) were investigated. Seven patients had histories of malabsorption. The most frequent symptoms at presentation were weight loss, abdominal pain, and acute abdomen. The jejunum was the most common site of lymphoma and multifocal disease was found in 72% of the cases. Twenty-two patients (92%) presented with localized disease confined to the intestine and abdominal lymph nodes, only two patients had generalized disease. According to the pattern of lymphoma infiltration and the morphology of the uninvolved small intestinal mucosa, 21 cases were separated histologically into three categories; 1) enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATCL, n = 9) showing predominant intramucosal lymphoma spread and villous atrophy of uninvolved mucosa with high density of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), 2) EATCL-like lymphoma without enteropathy (EATCL-LLWE, n = 5) but with an infiltration pattern similar to EATCL, and 3) T-cell lymphoma without features of EATCL (Non-EATCL, n = 7). Distinctive features of EATCL were the high incidence of malabsorption states, multifocal intestinal disease in all cases, and the high frequency of intestinal recurrences. On frozen sections four of eight PTLI showed the phenotype CD3+ CD4- CD8- HML-1+, which is also expressed on a small subset of normal IEL. The morphologic and immunomorphologic findings suggest that the majority of PTLI is derived from mucosal T lymphocytes. This derivation may be responsible for certain biologic features, such as the preferential spread to and relapse of PTLI at small intestinal sites.
Am J Pathol 1992 Dec
PMID:Peripheral T-cell lymphomas of the intestine. 146

Ultrasonography (US) is routinely used as a diagnostic approach in the surgical acute abdomen, even though its major limitation is the demonstration of the hollow viscus. In the present paper, the results obtained with US in 12 cases of gastric or duodenal perforations are reported. The diagnosis, of gastroduodenal perforation was correctly made in 58% of cases by means of US; in 91.7% of cases, at least one US finding correlable with gastroduodenal perforation was observed. Even though US exhibits poorer diagnostic sensitivity than conventional radiology, it can be considered a valuable diagnostic tool in the early diagnosis of gastroduodenal perforation especially when radiographic findings are negative.
Radiol Med 1992 Dec
PMID:[Ultrasonic diagnosis of gastroduodenal perforation]. 149 80

In our area, small bowel volvulus is a sporadic form of mechanical intestinal obstruction. Diagnostic problems may occur. The clinical presentation is that of an acute abdomen. The cause of symptoms may be due to narrowing of the bowel itself, or strangulation of the blood supply, or both. The types (primary and secondary) and incidence of small bowel volvulus are age-related and demonstrate astonishing geographical differences. Goals for treatment of small bowel volvulus should include physician awareness and accurate workup of this uncommon diagnosis.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1991 Dec 10
PMID:[Primary volvulus of the small intestines in adults]. 174 82

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a well recognized cause of an acute abdomen. What is less well recognized is that the underlying pathology can be varied. The computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound appearances of the gall-bladder in a case of SLE serositis are shown. The imaging findings were strongly suggestive of primary gall-bladder disease although at laparotomy the gall-bladder showed serosal inflammation only.
Clin Radiol 1991 Dec
PMID:Case report: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) serositis mimicking acute cholecystitis. 177 70

A woman patient of 25 years of age was admitted with a tumour in the right meogastrium that was painful on pressure, the clinical pattern being that of an acute abdomen. At exploratory laparotomy we were surprised to find haemorrhagic infarction of a second spleen by volvulus of the vascular peduncle. Preoperative imaging had not yielded any pointer despite documentation of multiple positional anomalies of visceral organs, since the polysplenic status was exceptionally located at the right side. If abdominal findings on the right side cannot be interpreted quite clearly, differential diagnosis should always consider the possibility of unusual embryonal lateral positioning of organs.
Ultraschall Med 1991 Dec
PMID:[Acute abdomen in hemorrhage into a twisted pedicled ectopic second spleen in the right mesogastrum]. 179 91

Angiomyolipoma is an uncommon benign tumor of the kidney. The tumor is composed of fat, smooth muscle, and blood vessels. The same pathological entity can appear in two clinically different forms, with or without tuberous sclerosis. We present two cases of renal angiomyolipomas with unusual manifestations. One was associated with tuberous sclerosis and both had the presentation of acute abdomen. Case one presented with epilepsy, angiofibroma, subungual fibroma, periventricular calcification, and bilateral renal angiomyolipomas. Tuberous sclerosis is characterized by these findings. Both cases had spontaneous hemorrhage with hypovolemic shock. Massive hemorrhage resulting in shock is uncommon and the incidence has been estimated to be about 10 per cent. In fact, many angiomyolipomas are clinically occult. The size of the tumor correlates well with the presence or absence of symptoms which include microhematuria, flank pain, hypertension and urinary tract infection. Abdominal CT is the preferred modality for diagnosis of angiomyolipoma. The most important finding is the presence of an intrarenal tumor with fat component which is recognized as a relative low density on CT. Our patients were hospitalized under the impression of angiomyolipoma after the CT study. In addition, the CT defined either the size of the tumor or the extension of the hemorrhage. Although many believe that renal angiography is not sufficient by itself to establish the diagnosis of angiomyolipoma, occasionally it is mandatory in the management of the tumor. The management is decided by two factors, the size of tumor and the clinical presentation. The attitude of management should include conservative treatment with regular follow-up, selective arterial embolization, enucleation, and partial or total nephrectomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1991 Dec
PMID:[Unusual presentations of angiomyolipoma]. 179 71

Although ovaries have a very rich vasculature, haemangiomas of the ovary are extremely rare. There are only another 39 cases of ovarian haemangioma recorded in the literature. We describe an 11-year-old girl with an ovarian haemangioma who presented clinically with an acute abdomen. The patient has been well without complications for a year.
Br J Clin Pract 1990 Dec
PMID:Ovarian haemangioma. 210 18

Perforation of a solitary cecal diverticulum is a rare cause of acute abdomen and an uncommon differential diagnosis for acute appendicitis. Nine hundred cases have been described since Potiers first description in 1912, either localized in the cecum or in the ascending colon. A further case and its course are described.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1990 Dec 11
PMID:[Perforated cecum diverticulum as cause for acute abdomen]. 212 57

A 46-year-old woman who had had a long-term schizoid psychosis collapsed on the street. Upon admission to the hospital, she was determined to have an acute abdomen. The chest radiograph showed metallic foreign bodies in both main bronchi; foreign bodies in the stomach were not observed clinically. The woman died from repeated cardiac arrest shortly after hospital admission. At the autopsy a screw and a nail were found in both main bronchi. The abdominal cavity contained 2 L of greenish purulent fluid and a massive fibrinoid peritonitis was observed. Two perforations of the stomach, each 1 cm in diameter, were detected. The stomach was completely filled with a mass of metallic foreign bodies, greenish fluid, and a bezoar of a total weight of 1,400 g; 422 distinguishable and mostly metallic foreign bodies were counted. Death was attributed to cardiac arrest in delayed shock after massive purulent peritonitis caused by two gastric perforations combined with obstruction of the airways by aspirated foreign bodies. Cases of massive swallowing of foreign bodies are mainly restricted to mentally handicapped persons, especially schizophrenics, whereas acute impaction of the larynx by large food particles occurs nearly exclusively in heavily intoxicated adults.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1990 Dec
PMID:Death, after swallowing and aspiration of a high number of foreign bodies, in a schizophrenic woman. 227 73

From 1981 to 1988, 138 patients with hiatal hernia were treated surgically at our centre. Twenty-one (mean age 76.6 years, 17 women, four men) had an associated intrathoracic gastric volvulus. Eleven patients (mean age 73.2 years), of whom eight were asymptomatic, had an elective procedure. Ten patients (mean age 80.3 years) had emergency surgery, six for acute complications of the volvulus (five cases of strangulation and one of perforated ulcer) and four because of other, unrelated causes of acute abdomen. There were four deaths after operation, all in the emergency surgery group. Four other patients had significant morbidity, all in the emergency group. In the elective cases, all hernias were easily reduced. In one emergency case a gastrotomy was necessary for decompression, and in another gastrectomy was necessary because of gastric gangrene. Our results indicate the need for elective intervention when intrathoracic gastric volvulus is first diagnosed.
Br J Surg 1990 Dec
PMID:Surgical results of intrathoracic gastric volvulus complicating hiatal hernia. 227 24


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