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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of spontaneous atheromatous embolization associated with unusual complications are presented. One is an 85-year-old man who developed an acute abdomen and underwent a surgical resection of totally infarcted left-sided colon. Histologically, multiple acute atheromatous emboli were found occluding the serosal and pericolic mesenteric arteries causing transmural necrosis of the involved portion of bowel. The other is an 80-year-old woman who had had a coronary heart disease, hypertension, and renal insufficiency, and terminally developed a rapid deterioration of renal function and melena. Postmortem examination showed a severely, ulcerated, aortic atherosclerosis and widespread, recurrent, atheromatous emboli in many abdominal organs with the resultant severe nephrosclerosis, gastrointestinal mucosal hemorrhagic necrosis, and multiple infarcts in the pancreas and spleen. In addition, there was focal cortical necrosis of the kidneys accompanied with glomerular capillary fibrin thrombi indicating disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). These findings seen in the present two cases were briefly discussed in light of the previous pertinent literature.
Acta Pathol Jpn 1984 Sep
PMID:Atheromatous embolization. Report of two cases with unusual complications. 650 92

Spontaneous perforation of the small bowel as a cause of acute abdomen are seldom observed. In our patients 4 cases of non-traumatic perforation are reported. Compared with the international literature the incidence and different pathways of the perforation are discussed.
Chirurg 1983 Sep
PMID:[Spontaneous perforation of the small intestine as rare cause of acute abdomen]. 662 61

Spontaneous rupture of the spleen as a result of laceration by a rib exostosis is described. This unusual case serves to underline the diagnostic difficulties of the acute abdomen in pregnancy.
Postgrad Med J 1983 Sep
PMID:Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in early pregnancy. 663 63

The frequency of human infections caused by Campylobacter (C.) jejuni is thought to be at present as significant as that of the gastroenteric salmonelloses. The clinical symptoms are mostly like enteritis, enterocolitis, acute abdomen or ileitis terminalis. Post-infection reactions are possible not only as arthritis or septicemia but also as meningitis, conjunctivitis, carditis, pneumonia, cholecystitis, peritonitis, urinary tract infection and abortion. Only cultural examinations confirm the diagnosis of an infection with C. jejuni. If chemotherapy is required, erythromycin is the remedy of choice. Animals are an important reservoir for C. jejuni, but the epidemiology of human infections with this microorganism is not well understood.
Fortschr Med 1982 Sep 02
PMID:[Campylobacter jejuni--a "recent" pathogen worthy of study. Present knowledge on its clinical aspects, diagnosis, therapy and epidemiology]. 675 59

During a twelve-month period, 416 children with acute abdominal pain required emergency admission to Southampton General Hospital; 46% had operations. Appendicitis was the commonest organic cause of acute abdominal pain identified (31%). Constipation (9%) can present as acute abdominal pain simulating appendicitis. All children should have a urine sample examined microscopically and the finding of significant pyuria is suggestive, but not diagnostic, of a urinary tract infection (7%). Mesenteric adenitis, which can only be diagnosed with certainty at laparotomy, was less common (4%). Despite careful clinical assessment and follow up, 45% of children in this series remained undiagnosed. Sedation but not analgesia may assist in the diagnosis of the acute abdomen in children.
J R Soc Med 1980 Sep
PMID:Acute abdominal pain in children. 724 73

HIDA labelled with 99Tcm is a new hepatobiliary imaging radiopharmaceutical which is selectively taken up by the liver and excreted into the biliary tree; it has been shown to demonstrate the gall bladder in normal subjects. Using a gamma-camera computer system, dynamic liver scans were performed during the first hour on 97 patients who, on the basis of standard investigations and on the findings at surgery, were divided into six groups as follows. 1. Normal. 2. Hepatocellular disease. 3. Biliary obstruction. 4. Chronic gall-bladder disease. 5. Acute gall-bladder disease. 6. Acute abdomen (not due to gall-bladder disease). Pictures were taken and activity-time curves of "regions of interest" were generated from the computer data. From these the presence or absence of a gall-bladder image was easily determined. The gall bladder was visualized in all normals but in none of the patients with acute gall-bladder disease. In the group with an acute abdomen suggestive of acute gall-bladder disease, but subsequently shown to be otherwise, the gall bladder was visualized in all cases. The gall bladder was not visualized in 42% of hepatocellular disease patients, nor in any of those with biliary obstruction, due to poor uptake or poor secretion of the HIDA. In cases of chronic gall-bladder disease, visualization of the gall bladder corresponded with gall-bladder opacification on the oral cholecystogram; in these cases the HIDA scan offers no advantage over the oral cholecystogram. These results suggest that in cases of "acute abdomen" an absent gall bladder image with a normal hepatogram will strongly support the diagnosis of acute gall-bladder disease, and that visualization of the gall bladder excludes such a diagnosis, making the HIDA scan a useful first-line investigation in these patients.
Br J Radiol 1980 Sep
PMID:HIDA scanning in gall-bladder disease. 743 10

Direct kinetic energy transfer from the path of a bullet may cause intraperitoneal injury even though the path of the bullet remains extraperitoneal. A 45-year-old man sustained a single through-and-through gunshot wound to the abdomen. The path of the bullet appeared superficial but clinically the patient had an acute abdomen. An exploratory laparotomy revealed no penetration of the peritoneum, but did reveal a perforation and contusion to the jejunum. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of a penetrating extraperitoneal gunshot wound with a blast injury to the small bowel.
J Trauma 1995 Sep
PMID:Small bowel laceration from a penetrating extraperitoneal gunshot wound: a case report. 747 34

A 29-year-old patient was admitted with acute abdomen in the 17th week of pregnancy. History revealed two episodes of colic in the right hypochondriac area during the previous six months, but no other abdominal complaints. Clinically the picture was that of acute cholecystitis. Laboratory findings included an elevated white cell count, a slight elevation of serum transaminases and a marked increase of serum alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Echographically there were dilated intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts containing two hyperechogenic elements without casting an acoustic shadow. A hydrops of the gallbladder with sludge and a thickening of the wall could also been seen. Because of pregnancy an ERCP could not be performed due to the need for X-ray, so we had to resort to open surgery. Under tocolytic and antibiotic shielding we carried out open cholecystectomy and choledochoscopic exploration of the common bile duct. Using a Fogarty balloon catheter we extracted two live, adult liver flukes and placed a T-tube in the duct. Because of positive fecal probes for fasciola eggs the T-tube had to be left in place until childbirth. Afterwards we performed a pre-cut-papillotomy by ERCP and took the T-tube out, having confirmed a clear duct on a T-tube-cholangiogram. With negative fecal probes and the eosinophilia on the white cell count returning to normal, we decided against the planned chemotherapy and assumed self-healing of the disease. The patient has been well since.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1995 Sep 02
PMID:[Fasciola hepatica--a unusual cause of acute cholecystitis with cholestatic jaundice]. 748 18

Plain x-rays of the abdomen remain an integral feature of the diagnostic work-up in cases of acute abdomen. Chest x-rays, often recommended in the USA, are standard routine at only one third of Swedish radiology units. The article outlines the advantages of including chest x-ray in the abdominal examination: it facilitates the detection of pneumoperitoneum, it yields (pre-operative) cardiopulmonary information, and it may show abdominal pain to be of extra-abdominal aetiology. Regarding the latter point, a study of 555 cases showed the chest x-ray to yield valuable information in 14 cases.
Lakartidningen 1995 Sep 06
PMID:[Thoracic radiography is indicated in the examination of acute abdomen! The cause of abdominal symptoms may be found in the thorax]. 767 13

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is considered to be rare or nonexistent following tubal sterilization. The purpose of this report is to describe three cases of surgically diagnosed acute PID in women previously sterilized by bilateral tubal ligation who presented over a one-year period. All three patients presented with an acute abdomen, fever and elevated white blood cell count. Our experience suggests that PID following tubal sterilization is more common than previously described and can present a diagnostic dilemma.
J Reprod Med 1994 Sep
PMID:Acute pelvic inflammatory disease after tubal sterilization. A report of three cases. 780 94


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