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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 42-yr-old woman with long-standing ulcerative colitis of the descending colon, sigmoid, and rectum presented with bloody diarrhea, tenesmus, and high fever. Endoscopic findings were compatible with an acute attack of ulcerative colitis, which proved to be resistant to systemic corticosteroid treatment. In the presence of an acute abdomen with ascites and double-contoured colonic wall, hemicolectomy was performed. Postoperatively, high temperature, hyponatremia, and elevated liver enzyme levels persisted. Pleural effusions developed. Antibodies to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 3 were detected in the serum. Erythromycin therapy induced rapid improvement. In a massive submucosal edema of the affected colon, L. pneumophila of the same serogroup was demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence staining.
Gastroenterology 1989 Sep
PMID:Legionella infection of the colon presenting as acute attack of ulcerative colitis. 231 72

The authors present the case-history of a six-week old boy born during the 30th week of gestation with the coincidence of an incarcerated right-sided inguinal hernia and acute appendicitis. On operation it was found that the appendix was intra-abdominally fixed. The authors draw attention to the difficulty of diagnosis of an inflammatory acute abdomen in neonates and infants.
Rozhl Chir 1989 Sep
PMID:[Concurrent acute appendicitis and incarcerated inguinal hernia in an infant]. 281

The authors describe a case of acute gangrenous cholecystitis in a 17-month-old boy manifested by symptoms of an inflammatory acute abdomen after several days of a febrile condition associated with diarrhoea. Cholecystectomy was performed and after antibiotic and infusion therapy a noncomplicated postoperative development followed. Five years after operation the boy has no subjective complaints. In the discussion the authors analyze the incidence, aetiopathogenesis, clinical, laboratory and X-ray findings of this rare disease. For the therapy of advanced cholecystitis the authors recommend cholecystectomy.
Rozhl Chir 1989 Sep
PMID:[Acalculous gangrenous cholecystitis in a toddler]. 281 3

Abdominal crises are common in critically ill patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit for problems unrelated to the abdomen. General surgeons may be asked to assess these patients for such reasons as pain, distension, possible sepsis, radiologic or laboratory abnormalities. Since many of the diagnostic signs and symptoms of acute abdomen are blunted or absent in critically ill patients who may be comatose or have been given analgesics or steroids, frequent thorough physical examination and close cooperation with the service admitting the patient are necessary to ensure early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of the abdominal crisis.
Can J Surg 1988 Sep
PMID:Mead Johnson Critical Care Symposium for the Practising Surgeon. 4. Abdominal crisis in the intensive care unit. 304 30

The opinions of 142 doctors on the relevance of anatomy to the diagnosis and management of common clinical problems in their current medical and dental practice were analysed. This was in a bid to determine the relevant anatomy course content for the new primary health care oriented medical and dental curriculum of the College of Medicine, University of Lagos. The respondents gave high scores to the relevance of anatomy knowledge to the management of acute abdomen (mean = 3.5), dislocated shoulder (3.3), Colles' fracture (3.2), palmar space abscess (3.2), obstructed labour (3.2), carcinoma of the breast (3.2), ectopic pregnancy (3.1), flail chest (3.1) and upper respiratory obstruction (3.0). They gave minimal scores to helminthiasis (mean = 1.5) common cold and anaemia (1.6), sickle cell disease (1.7), gastroenteritis (1.8), dental abscess (2.0), hypertension (2.2) and asthma (2.2). A basis for selecting relevant anatomy course content is deduced for an undergraduate curriculum in which the responsibilities and competence of the graduates is known. A nationwide extension of the study, especially amongst general practitioners and first-line doctors in rural areas, would be useful for identification of health problems that require little or no knowledge of anatomy and which can be safely managed by lower cadres of health personnel, traditional practitioners and members of the lay community.
Med Educ 1988 Sep
PMID:What anatomy shall we teach medical and dental students in a primary health care curriculum? 320 92

Little information is available about the development of abdominal abscesses in adolescents with Crohn's disease. We report the clinical presentation of five adolescents with Crohn's disease who developed this complication. The mean time from diagnosis until development of an abdominal abscess was 1.7 years. The admitting diagnosis was an acute abdomen in two patients and recurrent Crohn's disease in the other three. No features of the clinical presentation or laboratory data distinguished this group from other adolescents with Crohn's disease. The use of ultrasound and CT scanning was helpful in making this diagnosis preoperatively. Those patients with active Crohn's disease who do not respond promptly to medical therapy should be evaluated for the development of this complication.
J Pediatr Surg 1987 Sep
PMID:Abdominal abscesses in adolescents with Crohn's disease. 331 65

This is a report of a study of 63 cases of penetrating liver injuries. Forty-two patients (67 per cent) who presented with signs of an acute abdomen were operated on. The liver was routinely sutured and drained. There was no incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal sepsis or haematobilia. In the remaining 21 patients (33 per cent) liver involvement was suggested by the fact that the wound was over the liver region, and penetrated the peritoneum, and abdominal paracentesis for blood was positive or the patient was shocked or pale. The patients in this group had a soft abdomen and they were treated conservatively with observation and blood transfusions if necessary. No complications were recorded in this group. It is concluded that many civilian penetrating injuries of the liver may be managed non-surgically. If an operative approach is selected suturing of the liver with drainage is the recommended procedure.
Br J Surg 1986 Sep
PMID:Non-operative management of penetrating liver injuries: a prospective study. 375 38

In a 26-year-old patient admitted to the emergency ward with acute abdomen, all the symptoms--nausea, vomiting, indeterminate abdominal pain, constipation, renal failure, polyuria and polydipsia--could be explained by calcium intoxication syndrome. Investigation revealed generalized sarcoidosis. Under medical treatment with prednisone all the pathologic findings rapidly regressed. The pathogenesis of hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis, and particularly the disorder of vitamin D metabolism with raised levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, are discussed.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1985 Sep 28
PMID:[Acute hypercalcemia syndrome in sarcoidosis]. 384 Sep 13

Peritoneoscopy is a simple and effective means of diagnosing or excluding intra-abdominal disease. It is currently underutilized and merits increased recognition particularly by general surgeons. The first 77 peritoneoscopic examinations performed by a general surgeon in a large hospital associated with a cancer agency are reviewed. An exact diagnosis was made in 78% of 58 patients in whom the primary diagnosis was in doubt and in 93% of that group management was influenced. Surgical exploration of the abdomen was avoided in 29 patients. The major indications for using the method were: to search for metastases, to evaluate the acute abdomen and to stage lymphoma. Local anesthesia and nitrous oxide insufflation were used almost exclusively. Biopsy was performed in 36 patients and there was one death directly attributable to liver biopsy. In two patients peritoneoscopy was unsuccessful.
Can J Surg 1981 Sep
PMID:Peritoneoscopy in general surgery. 645 2

Because bleeding into the rectus sheath may give a clinical picture simulating an acute abdomen, it is essential that an accurate diagnosis be made so that an unnecessary laparotomy is not performed. Plain films do not give adequate information and computerized axial tomography is not always available, but ultrasonography, which is noninvasive and is readily available, provides an accurate diagnosis as in the case reported in this paper. A 57-year-old woman had bilateral hematomas of the rectus sheath that did not occur simultaneously. She had a chronic debilitating disease as do the majority of such patients. Long-term cortisone therapy with secondary breakdown of connective tissue was probably the predisposing factor. During a blood transfusion that was needed following operation for osteomyelitis the patient had a severe reaction accompanied by sudden onset of severe abdominal pain on the left side. Ultrasonography confirmed the tentative diagnosis of rectus sheath hematoma. The patient was treated conservatively. The pain subsided within a few days leaving an ecchymosis. Two weeks later she experienced a similar pain on the right side which was also diagnosed by ultrasonography as a rectus sheath hematoma. Again, with conservative treatment the pain subsided leaving discolouration of the skin. The authors stress the value of ultrasonography in diagnosing rectus sheath hematoma and the importance of conservative management.
Can J Surg 1981 Sep
PMID:Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of rectus abdominis hematoma. 645 3


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