Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

HIDA labelled with 99Tcm is a new hepatobiliary imaging radiopharmaceutical which is selectively taken up by the liver and excreted into the biliary tree; it has been shown to demonstrate the gall bladder in normal subjects. Using a gamma-camera computer system, dynamic liver scans were performed during the first hour on 97 patients who, on the basis of standard investigations and on the findings at surgery, were divided into six groups as follows. 1. Normal. 2. Hepatocellular disease. 3. Biliary obstruction. 4. Chronic gall-bladder disease. 5. Acute gall-bladder disease. 6. Acute abdomen (not due to gall-bladder disease). Pictures were taken and activity-time curves of "regions of interest" were generated from the computer data. From these the presence or absence of a gall-bladder image was easily determined. The gall bladder was visualized in all normals but in none of the patients with acute gall-bladder disease. In the group with an acute abdomen suggestive of acute gall-bladder disease, but subsequently shown to be otherwise, the gall bladder was visualized in all cases. The gall bladder was not visualized in 42% of hepatocellular disease patients, nor in any of those with biliary obstruction, due to poor uptake or poor secretion of the HIDA. In cases of chronic gall-bladder disease, visualization of the gall bladder corresponded with gall-bladder opacification on the oral cholecystogram; in these cases the HIDA scan offers no advantage over the oral cholecystogram. These results suggest that in cases of "acute abdomen" an absent gall bladder image with a normal hepatogram will strongly support the diagnosis of acute gall-bladder disease, and that visualization of the gall bladder excludes such a diagnosis, making the HIDA scan a useful first-line investigation in these patients.
 ...
PMID:HIDA scanning in gall-bladder disease. 743 10

Diverticula of the duodenum are not rare and in the most cases without any symptoms. The incidence of duodenal diverticula in autopsies is known to be 20-22%. Only in a very small number of cases, they are complicated and therefore clinically presented by diverticulitis, perforation, hemorrhage, pancreatitis, or biliary obstruction. The most uncommon complication is the enterolith formed within the diverticulum. In all reported cases, the enterolith--formation was associated with small bowel obstruction or perforation. Complications of duodenal diverticula have a high mortality rate (33-48%) that could be due to difficulties in diagnostics and the adequate surgical procedure. In our case report, a patient presented at our institution with symptoms of an acute abdomen caused by an enterolith inside a solitary duodenal diverticulum "ante perforationem". The ultrasound and the CT scan of the abdomen showed free intraabdominal fluid beside the duodenum, the exact diagnosis however was not made. The indication for laparotomy was given by the clinical signs. The dicerticula was resected and ligated.
 ...
PMID:[Solitary duodenal diverticulum with enterolith as a rare cause of acute abdomen]. 1252 Aug 48

Acute abdomen in patients with malignant tumors is called malignant acute abdomen, often seen in the digestive system tumor or abdominal pelvic metastasis of the other primary tumors. Bleeding, perforation, gastrointestinal obstruction, biliary obstruction with infection, acute peritonitis are acute and severe, however, prevention is more important than treatment. For high-risk patients, even if acute abdomen does not occur when the disease is diagnosed, we should make precautions, including actively local treatment of local lymph nodes or primary lesions and careful choice of drugs. Malignant acute abdomen is mainly treated by surgical intervention. However, to seize the opportunity of anti-tumor treatment while actively treating acute abdomen requires multidisciplinary team (MDT), including co-management of diagnostic team, treatment team and support team. Most patients with malignant acute abdomen are in late stage, so the role of medical oncologists can not be ignored in the prevention, intervention and management of malignant acute abdomen. For patients with potentially resectable malignant acute abdomen who are suitable for neoadjuvant therapy and technically unresectable malignant acute abdomen, the opportunity for drug treatment should be sought first. For those presenting with obstruction, bleeding or perforation during radiotherapy or chemotherapy, we should carefully evaluate the response of previous antitumor treatment, the reason of acute abdomen and discuss the option of surgery. Some concomitant medications may also increase the risk of malignant acute abdomen. Here, we discuss the role of medical oncologists in the management of malignant acute abdomen in the MDT setting.
 ...
PMID:[Role of medical oncologists in multidisciplinary team treatment of malignant acute abdomen]. 3050 28