Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Examination of 119 patients with abdominal tuberculosis permitted the description of the characteristic semiotics of the illness. Today the patients with abdominal tuberculosis are mainly women of child-bearing age with a long-term tuberculosis catamnesis and intoxication, with a history of tuberculosis of different sites, those suffering from tuberculosis or its sequels at present (64%), those with pains (94%), discomfort or swelling of the abdomen (79%), malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (65%), weight loss (86%), malnutrition (72%), anemia (63%), not infrequently with inflammatory induration (43%) or ascites in the abdominal cavity (39%). In addition to this characteristic semiotics, the patients with abdominal tuberculosis may demonstrate the most different and unexpected symptoms up to acute abdomen (23%). To make differential diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis, one has often to resort to diagnostic laparotomy, laparoscopy, Koch's test and to trial therapy.
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PMID:[Semeiotics of abdominal tuberculosis]. 649 18

Brown bowel syndrome is a rare condition characterized by deposition of lipofuscin in the smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal tract. The number of reported cases is small, but all are associated with malabsorptive states. Despite these small numbers, there is considerable evidence that vitamin E deficiency is important etiologically. We report here the case of a severely malnourished [body mass index 11.7 kg/m (2): normal range 20-25 kg/m (2)] 31-yr-old black male with a longstanding history of alcohol abuse, who was on anti-tuberculosis therapy. The patient presented with an acute abdomen and was found, at operation, to have a mid-ileal intussusception. Histological examination of the resected specimen demonstrated lipofuscin accumulation consistent with brown bowel syndrome, but no tumor. Subsequent investigations revealed no significant quantities of vitamin E in the blood and pancreatic steatorrhea. However, deficiency of other fat-soluble (vitamin A and D) and water-soluble vitamins (vitamin C and thiamine) also were detected. This report supports the association of brown bowel syndrome with vitamin E deficiency but cannot exclude the compounding effects of protein calorie malnutrition, multiple vitamin deficiencies, and chronic alcohol toxicity.
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PMID:Small bowel intussusception and brown bowel syndrome in association with severe malnutrition. 867 14

A pregnant woman may be infected up to a 90% by intestine parasites, and it all depends on the geographical area associated to the environmental factors allowing this to be spread. The abdominal obstruction related to the pregnancy is rare due to the fact that it only happens in one out of 2,500-6,000 pregnancies. This occlusion, when given by Ascaris lumbricoides, is even more complicated due to the lack of medical literature reference, and thus being unable to make any comparisons. A 45-year old pregnant woman, with several births and multi-pregnancies presenting an acute abdomen by intestinal obstruction through out this helmint. She was pacticed an exploratory laparotomy with the evacuation of several ascaris throughout and enterostomy, and then during the 37th week, she gave birth by means of an eutocic labor work to a healthy female product weighting 2.825 kgs. The anatomopathology study of the placenta shows no alterations. The nosology of the intestinal obstruction by ascariasis during the pregnancy, and out of it, are very similar and could only be affected by late diagnosis of the pregnant woman due to anatomical and physiological changes, increasing the mother's and the fetus morbi-mortality. In Mexico, there are endemic areas where it would be convenient to identify the characteristical eggs in the mother's stool due to the fact that if an advanced pathology is not put in place, it does produce states of maternal malnutrition, anaemia, abdominal pain and low weigh product at the moments of its birth.
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PMID:[Intestinal obstruction caused by ascaris in pregnancy. Report of a case]. 1032 64

Pneumoperitoneum (PP) is usually the result of perforation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with associated peritonitis. However, other rare causes, including spontaneous PP incidental to intrathoracic, intra-abdominal, gynecologic, and miscellaneous other origins not associated with a perforated GI tract have been described in the literature. Six cases of PP without any perforated GI tract are reported. Three patients with generalized peritonitis underwent exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy when clinical examinations suggested an acute abdomen. At surgical procedure, perforated pyometra, perforated liver abscess and a ruptured necrotic lesion of a liver metastasis were documented in these patients, respectively. We also saw 3 PP patients not associated with peritonitis. Two patients with PP caused by pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis were encountered, 1 was managed conservatively and the other received diagnostic laparoscopy. A patient in whom pneumomediastinum and pneumoretroperitoneum were accompanied by PP caused by an alveolar rupture based on decreased pulmonary compliance due to malnutrition was managed conservatively. The history of the patient and knowledge of the less frequent causes of PP can possibly contribute towards refraining from exploratory laparotomy in the absence of peritonitis.
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PMID:Pneumoperitoneum without perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. 1280 2

Celiac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy characterized by mucosal inflammation and villous atrophy of the small bowel upon exposure to ingested gluten. Refractory celiac disease (RCD), defined as persisting villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia despite strict gluten-free diet, is a rare form of celiac disease with poor prognosis due to a higher rate of severe complications such as life-threatening malnutrition or the development of intestinal T-cell lymphoma. The cavitating mesenteric lymph node syndrome (CMLNS) represents a rare complication of celiac disease with unknown pathogenesis which is associated with but not restricted to RCD and not necessarily associated with a malignant course. We here report a 64-year-old patient who was referred to us with a history of refractory celiac disease. During further diagnostic work-up multiple intraabdominal cystic structures were detected by a computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging. A laparotomy was performed to exclude T-cell lymphoma. Histology of the intraabdominal cysts revealed the diagnosis of cavitating mesenteric lymph node syndrome as the underlying cause of the masses. Steroid therapy was initiated which led to complete regression of diarrhoea but did not induce a diminution of mesenteric lymph nodes. Three years after the diagnosis of CMLNS, the patient presented with an acute abdomen due to a small bowel perforation caused by an enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma. We discuss the differential diagnoses of intraabdominal masses in celiac disease and review the current literature on CMLNS.
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PMID:Cavitating mesenteric lymph node syndrome: a rare complication of refractory celiac disease. 2083 63

Jejunal diverticula are an uncommon acquired disease that is usually silent and asymptomatic. When symptomatic, they present with chronic nonspecific symptoms like pain, nausea, malnutrition and sometimes with acute presentation like gastrointestinal hemorrhage, peritonitis and obstruction. The majority of complications seen as an acute abdomen similar to appendicitis, cholecystitis or colonic diverticulitis but they also may appear with atypical symptoms. We are presenting a 63-year-old male reported in emergency with painful abdomen and diagnosed as having peritonitis. On laparotomy, we incidentally found giant and multiple jejunal diverticula along with ileal perforation. Nothing was done to the jejunal diverticula, as these were multiple and non-obstructive. In the follow-up of 16 months, the patient was doing well. Jejuno-ileal diverticulosis is a rare condition that continues to present formidable challenges in diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Giant and multiple jejunal diverticula presenting as peritonitis a significant challenging disorder. 2304 33