Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 19-year-old man was admitted with fever, haematuria, general malaise, pain on the left side of the pelvis and a full feeling in the left lower abdominal quadrant of the abdomen. His history mentioned a varices operation. During admission he developed an acute abdomen and deep vein thrombosis in both legs. CT of the abdomen showed a pathologic mass and absence of the vena cava inferior. Laparotomy revealed extensive thrombosis in widened veins. Clinical improvement occurred following adequate thrombolysis. Congenital absence of the vena cava inferior results from aberrant development during organogenesis. Patients are typically asymptomatic, but may present with venous insufficiency at a young age and deep vein thrombosis. Absence of the vena cava inferior can be accompanied by other congenital abnormalities such as dextrocardia and congenital heart diseases. Diagnosis is made using CT or MRI. Treatment consists of lifelong anticoagulant therapy and, if necessary, surgery.
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PMID:[Deep venous thrombosis as a complication of congenital absence of vena cava inferior]. 1192 15

Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal CD20 antibody, is useful in the treatment of B-cell lymphomas and certain autoimmune diseases. We report a successful outcome of rituximab for life threatening hypercoagulable state associated with lupus anticoagulant (LA). A 30-year-old woman initially presented 10 years ago with DVT and positive serology for SLE and LA. While on Coumadin, she suffered from recurrent DVT in the legs and arms, pulmonary emboli, Budd-Chiari syndrome, mesenteric vein thrombosis, bone infarcts, recurrent strokes, and chronic ITP. All measures including plasmapheresis and monthly IV cyclophosphamide were of no benefit. She was recently admitted with spontaneous subdural hematoma with INR of 3.8. Upon discontinuation of anticoagulation for surgical drainage, she developed acute abdomen from thrombosis and recurrent DVT. Because she had failed prior standard measures, 4 weekly infusions of rituximab (375 mg/m2) were given following 2 rounds of plasmapheresis. Subsequently, she made a remarkable recovery over the next month and has been free of thrombosis on Coumadin for over 15 months. LA, IgM antibodies to cardiolipin, and B2GP1 were consistently positive. After rituximab therapy, LA became negative and IgM antibodies to cardiolipin decreased and ITP went into remission. Rituximab induced a lasting remission in a woman suffering from life-threatening hypercoagulable state associated with LA. Her clinical remission was associated with disappearance of LA.
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PMID:Long-term remission from life-threatening hypercoagulable state associated with lupus anticoagulant (LA) following rituximab therapy. 1568 9

Mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease (MIVOD) is a relatively recently known and not very often diagnosed form of ischemic bowel disease of low incidence und unknown etiology. We present the case of a patient who after presentation of inconclusive signs of epigastric pain and rectal bleeding suddenly developed right abdominal pain with local peritonism. Suspecting intestinal ischemia or perforated appendicitis we first performed laparoscopy, which showed an inflammable tumor of cecum, ascending colon and appendix with massive adhesions to the abdominal wall. We performed an open right hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis. The patient developed a deep vein thrombosis of the vena tibialis post. and vena saphena parva. After 12 months our patient is free of complaints and recurrence. Investigations carried out showed no evidence of hypercoagulopathy. The presentation of MIVOD can range from chronic inflammatory bowel disease with recurrent abdominal pain in combination with nausea, emesis and bloody diarrhea to acute abdomen. Therefore diagnostic misinterpretation and mistherapy as well as underdiagnosis is common. Histologic investigation shows a variable inflammatory infiltration of multiple veins of the intestinal wall and the mesentery as well as thrombotic vessel occlusion in different stages without involvement of the arteries. All forms of hypercoagulopathy, parasitic disease, sepsis and malignancy have to be excluded. Therapeutic success can only be achieved with surgical resection of the affected bowel, whereon in general no recurrence will occur.
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PMID:[Mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease (MIVOD)--a rare cause of intestinal ischemia]. 1639 91

Colorectal carcinoma emergencies during pregnancy are exceptionally rare. Three women 38, 31 and 36 years old, in the third trimester of gestation received treatment, respectively, for acute abdomen due to perforation of rectal carcinoma, ileus due to a sigmoid tumor, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) from a cecal tumor compromising the right iliac vein. In the first two patients urgent cesarean sections were carried out with Hartmann's procedure and a loop colostomy was performed to resolve the ensuing intraabdominal sepsis and ileus, respectively. In the third patient, a cesarean section was carried out to treat the underlying DVT more aggressively, while right colectomy was postponed for three weeks. Restoration of the alimentary tract was achieved two months later in the first case, while in the second and third cases total colectomy due to familial polyposis and right colectomy were performed three weeks after the cesarean section. An overview of the clinical features, diagnostic pitfalls and therapeutic approaches to manage complications of colorectal cancer during pregnancy are discussed.
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PMID:Colorectal cancer emergencies during pregnancy case reports. 1700 43

Although fibroids constitute the most common tumour in women of reproductive age, it is remarkable how very rarely they cause acute complications. However, when they do occur, the acute complications can cause significant morbidity (very occasionally, mortality), profoundly affecting a woman's quality of life. The complications include thrombo-embolism, acute torsion of subserosal pedunculated leiomyomata, acute urinary retention and renal failure, acute pain caused by red degeneration during pregnancy, acute vaginal or intra-peritoneal haemorrhage, mesenteric vein thrombosis and intestinal gangrene. The obstetrician will be most familiar with red degeneration and acute urinary retention, both of which tend to occur in association with pregnancy. It is difficult to quote an incidence rate for these acute complications as they are rare, and most are reported as cases or case series in the literature. The majority (except red degeneration, acute urinary retention and thrombo-embolism) presents as an acute abdomen and requires urgent exploratory surgery. The differential diagnosis would include twisted adnexa, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, haemorrhagic corpus luteum or follicular cyst, whilst that of the pelvic mass would be ovarian or endometrial carcinoma, uterine sarcoma or leiomyoma and, rarely, ovarian fibroma. Deep vein thrombosis is usually due to pelvic venous compression, and while some have advocated that its occurrence in association with a fibroid mass should be an absolute indication for hysterectomy, sophisticated use of radiological adjuncts at surgery, such as 'umbrellas' and haematological support with appropriate anticoagulation, could enable uterine-preserving surgery. The diagnosis of fibroids as a cause of acute urinary retention should be one of exclusion. The treatment of the acute fibroid in pregnancy is of course conservative, definitive treatment being postponed until postpartum.
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PMID:Acute complications of fibroids. 1926 55

Deep venous thrombosis is an extremely rare cause of acute abdomen and is often difficult to diagnose. Protein C and protein S deficiencies are rare genetic abnormalities that predispose the patient to thrombophilia and lead to thrombosis. We report the case of a previously healthy 7-year-old boy with iliofemoral thrombosis due to protein C and protein S deficiencies mimicking acute abdomen.
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PMID:Deep vein thrombosis associated with protein C and protein S deficiency: an unusual cause of acute abdomen. 2154 30

Deep vein thrombosis associated with acute osteomyelitis is a rare presentation. Such a presentation can lead to delay in diagnosis especially due to overlapping clinical presentation and usually has a poor prognosis. Only a high level of clinical suspicion can help in diagnosis. We present such case which patient presented with acute abdomen with swelling in lower limb.
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PMID:Acute osteomyelitis associated with Deep vein thrombosis in a patient of acute abdomen: A diagnostic dilemma. 2640 49

Ultrasound in the emergency department has long been recognized as a powerful screening and diagnostic tool for both physicians and radiologists. In the emergency department, since time is of the essence, it becomes a critical tool in triaging patients. Over the years, ultrasound has gained several advantages over other modalities because of its non-ionizing radiation, portability, accessibility, non-invasive method and simpler learning curve. As a result, ultrasound has become one of the most frequently used diagnostic tools in the emergency department by non-radiologists. The value of ultrasound is implemented in every acute ailment in the emergency department such as trauma, acute abdomen, acute pelvic pain, acute scrotal pain, appendicitis in children and acute deep venous thrombosis. Our objective is to discuss the benefit of using ultrasound as the primary modality for each of these diseases.
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PMID:Ultrasound: the triage tool in the emergency department: using ultrasound first. 2656 40

A 34-year-old woman with primary antiphospholipid syndrome was admitted to the Gastroenterology Department of our hospital with fever, acute abdomen, watery diarrhea, and extremely high levels of inflammatory parameters. She had a history of left lower limb deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and was taking warfarin potassium. Acute gastroenteritis was suspected and an antibiotic was administered, but symptoms progressed. Abdominal ultrasonography showed occlusion of the left hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein and her D-dimer level was high. Accordingly, Budd-Chiari syndrome was diagnosed and high-dose intravenous infusion of heparin was initiated. Her abdominal symptoms improved and the levels of inflammatory parameters and D-dimer decreased rapidly. It is known that antiphospholipid syndrome can be complicated by Budd-Chiari syndrome that usually occurs as subacute or chronic onset, but acute onset is rare. It is difficult to diagnose acute Budd-Chiari syndrome complicating antiphospholipid syndrome and this complication generally has a poor outcome. However, the present case can get early diagnosis and successful treatment with tight anticoagulant therapy.
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PMID:A Case of Acute Budd-Chiari Syndrome Complicating Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome Presenting as Acute Abdomen and Responding to Tight Anticoagulant Therapy. 2767 72