Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Occlusion of the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric artery has been studied in 46 patients treated by operation. The condition was acute and was caused by embolic obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery in four cardiac patients and detachment of the inferior mesenteric artery in two patients during removal of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. The condition was chronic and involved two or all three of the vessels in 40 patient. Embolic obstruction caused severe abdominal pain but few physical signs early in the process,, but the picture of an acute abdomen indicating bowel gangrene developed in a few hours. Ischemia from inferior mesenteric detachment was observed at operation. Patients with chronic obstruction had abdominal pain, weight loss, and diarrhea. Patients with embolic obstruction were treated successfully by embolectomy, and patients developing intraoperative sigmoid ischemia were treated by reattachment of inferior mesenteric arteries to aortic graft. Various procedures were employed in patients with chronic multiple obstruction. However, graft bypass using Dacron tubing was preferable because of its simplicity and because the frequently (48%) associated occlusive disease and aneurysm of the distal aorta were treated at the same time. Confining operation to the abdomen significantly reduced the magnitude of operation and eliminated risks in this age group. Of the 46 patients, 91% survived and were relieved of their symptoms despite associated disease. The 5-year survival rate in this group of patients was 62%.
 ...
PMID:Celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery occlusion: surgical considerations. 14 29

Progressive spread of necrosis in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the scrotum is the key feature of idiopathic scrotal gangrene. The disease may present initially as an acute abdomen, but laparotomy should be avoided. Usually an anaerobic Streptococcus is found, acting in synergism with aerobic, frequently gram-negative, bacilli. As in other synergistic gangrenes, wide dibridement with drainage of all sinus tracts is required. Although the testicles are frequently bared, they are usually not necrotic and should not be amputated. Once the infection has resolved, a surprising amount of skin coverage, including coverage of the testicles, can often be obtained from the scrotal remnants.
 ...
PMID:Fournier's syndrome: synergistic gangrene of the scrotum. 113 Jun 1

From 1981 to 1988, 138 patients with hiatal hernia were treated surgically at our centre. Twenty-one (mean age 76.6 years, 17 women, four men) had an associated intrathoracic gastric volvulus. Eleven patients (mean age 73.2 years), of whom eight were asymptomatic, had an elective procedure. Ten patients (mean age 80.3 years) had emergency surgery, six for acute complications of the volvulus (five cases of strangulation and one of perforated ulcer) and four because of other, unrelated causes of acute abdomen. There were four deaths after operation, all in the emergency surgery group. Four other patients had significant morbidity, all in the emergency group. In the elective cases, all hernias were easily reduced. In one emergency case a gastrotomy was necessary for decompression, and in another gastrectomy was necessary because of gastric gangrene. Our results indicate the need for elective intervention when intrathoracic gastric volvulus is first diagnosed.
 ...
PMID:Surgical results of intrathoracic gastric volvulus complicating hiatal hernia. 227 24

Over a 6-year period at the University Hospital in London, Ont., 101 patients underwent heart transplantation and 5 heart-lung transplantation. The authors review the general surgical problems identified from the charts of 13 of these patients. In the early postoperative period (within 30 days), laparotomy was required for pancreatitis (one), perforated peptic ulcer (two), cholecystectomy (one), pancreatic cyst (one) and appendicitis (one). In addition, a spontaneous colocutaneous fistula and spontaneous pneumoperitoneum occurred; both were managed conservatively. Later, three patients required cholecystectomy; one underwent a below-knee and a Symes amputation for dry gangrene and one surgical correction of a lymphocele. The incidence of surgical problems (13%) indicates an increased susceptibility in this group of patients. Four of the 13 patients died. Pancreatitis is a well-recognized complication of cardiac surgery; it is frequently associated with a normal or only slightly elevated serum amylase level, making a definitive diagnosis without laparotomy almost impossible. Persistence of abdominal signs should signal the need for exploratory surgery. During the early postoperative period and in the absence of multiorgan failure, immediate operation for an acute abdomen is usually successful. Despite the additional risk, cardiac transplantation does not preclude later surgery, but immunosuppression must be continued and carefully monitored.
 ...
PMID:Management of general surgical problems after cardiac transplantation. 329 32

The acute abdomen in a newborn is not an uncommon condition and the causes are multiple; however, intestinal occlusion with gangrene of the bowel due to a mesenteric cyst has not been recorded before and the purpose of this paper is to record a case of a newborn with intestinal obstruction and gangrene of the bowel due to a mesenteric cyst.
 ...
PMID:Obstruction and gangrene of bowel with perforation due to a mesenteric cyst in a newborn. 357 1

As a cause of small intestine occlusion, volvulus is often a consequence of a band or adhesions. Except in infants, it is rarely the primary cause of symptomatology. Between January 1976 and December 1992, 13 patients (7 women and 6 men, mean age of 56.8 years) were admitted in our department for an acute abdomen due to a spontaneous primary volvulus of the small bowel. Clinical examination and laboratory tests did not help in preoperative diagnosis. All patients underwent an explorative laparotomy. Six patients had had prior abdominal surgery but none of them presented adhesion or band. In 8 patients (62%), detorsion was sufficient. Resection of a segment of small bowel was necessary in 4 patients. Gangrenous of the entire bowel was observed in one patient who rapidly died. Two patients presented minor complications. One patient with Down syndrome died of bronchoaspiration. One patient has been reoperated on one year later for recurrence of the volvulus, and underwent a Noble procedure. We conclude that volvulus of the small bowel is a rare cause of acute abdomen that must be remembered. Early surgery is mandatory to reduce the risk of gangrene, which is known to double the mortality. Laparoscopy will be helpful in early diagnosis and therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Volvulus of the small intestine as a cause of primary acute abdomen]. 787 17

Malignant tumors of the small intestine are rare and their symptoms are discrete and of a chronic nature. At times they manifest as an acute abdomen, with high mortality. Carcinoid tumors represent one of the types of intestinal tumors, of the neuroendocrine line, more frequently located in the cecal appendix. In the small intestine, carcinoid tumors are most often located in the ileum. Carcinoid tumors produce several hormonal substances, some of which may induce symptoms such as the carcinoid syndrome. Gangrene of the small intestine is a rare complication attributed to hormonal substances produced by the tumor which causes high mortality rates. We report, here, a case of ileal segmental gangrene with an excellent course.
 ...
PMID:Ileal segmental gangrene caused by a metastatic mesenteric carcinoid. 828 83

There are few reported cases of acute portal vein thrombosis presenting as an acute abdomen in adolescent age group. Most published series concern chronic extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis. Acute portal vein thrombosis is rare, but can develop into serious complications. Hence, prompt diagnosis and heparinization can prevent the development of lethal complications such as venous gangrene of the bowel and portal hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Idiopathic acute portal vein thrombosis: a case report. 830 70

A 31-year-old pregnant woman who was an active cocaine abuser presented to our emergency department five times in 1 week for abdominal pain and vomiting. She continued to use cocaine regularly despite having abdominal pain. Her fifth admission was for seizures. There were no objective signs of peritoneal inflammation and the rectal guiac examination was repeatedly negative. The patient progressed to severe septic shock. Intraabdominal sepsis and/or bowel perforation was suspected. Exploratory laporatomy revealed gangrene and perforation of the small intestine and fecal peritonitis. She rapidly developed multiorgan failure and died. Gastrointestinal complications resulting from cocaine use are uncommon. Our case is unique in that the patient was pregnant, used cocaine by the intranasal route, and lacked objective signs of acute abdomen. Emergency physicians should be aware of the morbidity associated with the use of cocaine.
 ...
PMID:Cocaine-associated intestinal gangrene in a pregnant woman. 927 Mar 93

A 5-year-old boy presented with episodic, postprandial abdominal pain and hypertension. A few days after the onset of symptoms, the pain became more severe, and progressed into a picture of acute abdomen and intestinal obstruction. Urgent laparotomy findings showed the presence of small bowel gangrene. Pathology findings of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), which was found to be occluded, showed intimal fibroplasia. The patient died 7 weeks after the onset of symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Abdominal angina and intestinal gangrene--a catastrophic presentation of arterial fibromuscular dysplasia: case report and review of the literature. 931 69


1 2 3 4 Next >>