Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comatose 4-year-old hemophiliac presented with an acute abdomen; subsequently he developed unrelenting hypotension. An immediate exploratory laparotomy was required, without time for determining baseline factor VIII (AHF) levels. Despite hypotension and hemorrhage, vigorous intraoperative fluid volume replacement and the administration of fresh frozen plasma and AHF concentrates brought a successful conclusion.
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PMID:Unrelenting hypotension associated with an acute abdomen in a comatose hemophiliac child: a case report. 94 15

In a medical emergency, when rapid diagnosis is essential, a thorough examination of the skin often provides clues to the underlying illness. Dermatologic lesions may suggest the etiology of common medical emergencies, such as coma, seizure, shock, chest pain, hemorrhage, respiratory distress, acute abdomen and acute psychosis. Since examination of the skin is rapidly and easily performed, it should be included in the evaluation of a patient with a medical emergency.
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PMID:Skin clues to medical emergencies. 240 77

Abdominal crises are common in critically ill patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit for problems unrelated to the abdomen. General surgeons may be asked to assess these patients for such reasons as pain, distension, possible sepsis, radiologic or laboratory abnormalities. Since many of the diagnostic signs and symptoms of acute abdomen are blunted or absent in critically ill patients who may be comatose or have been given analgesics or steroids, frequent thorough physical examination and close cooperation with the service admitting the patient are necessary to ensure early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of the abdominal crisis.
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PMID:Mead Johnson Critical Care Symposium for the Practising Surgeon. 4. Abdominal crisis in the intensive care unit. 304 30

Two West Indian men with no previous history of diabetes mellitus developed hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma. Intra-abdominal catastrophes secondary to mesenteric thrombosis played a major part in the death of these patients, in both of whom control of the hyperosmolar state had been achieved. Both patients had evidence of infarction of intestine at necropsy. Vascular thromboses are a major complication of this form of coma and must be considered when such patients develop signs of an acute abdomen.
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PMID:Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma: with particular reference to vascular complications. 531 81

Patients with systemic rheumatic diseases may be admitted to the ICU because of worsening of or development of a new manifestation of the rheumatic disease, infections caused by immunosuppression, or adverse effects of drugs used to treat rheumatic diseases. Sometimes an unrelated, acute disorder may become life threatening because of the underlying rheumatic disorder. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease seen in ICU patients, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma. These three conditions together account for up to 75% of rheumatic cases admitted to the ICU. The respiratory system is the organ system most commonly affected in the acute process, followed by the renal, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. More than 50% of admissions result from infections, and 25% to 35% result from exacerbation of the underlying rheumatic condition. In about 20% of patients, the rheumatic disorder may be diagnosed for the first time in the ICU. An aggressive approach should be pursued to establish the diagnosis of either disease exacerbation or infection. Delay in instituting appropriate immunosuppressive or antimicrobial therapy may result in multiple organ system failure and a poor outcome. The mortality rate in patients with rheumatic disease exceeds that predicted by the APACHE II or SAPS II scores and is higher than that in nonrheumatologic ICU admissions. The mortality may exceed 50% in patients admitted for infection; the prognosis is comparatively better for patients with exacerbations of disease activity. Renal failure, coma, and acute abdomen are predictors of poor outcome. Early recognition of abdominal complications requiring surgical intervention may help reduce mortality.
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PMID:Rheumatologic diseases in the intensive care unit: epidemiology, clinical approach, management, and outcome. 1241 38

We reviewed 33 consecutive patients with diaphragmatic injuries. Twenty-nine were admitted in emergency conditions after blunt (22 patients) or penetrating injury, presenting shock, dyspnoea, coma or acute abdomen in 21 cases; major associated lesions were found in 23 patients. Four patients presented acute complications of visceral herniation 2, 4, 84 and 216 months after the trauma. The diagnosis was preoperative in 23 cases, intraoperative in 9; in one case it was missed at laparotomy, becoming evident the day after. The sensibility of preoperative chest x-ray and CT was 86% and 100% in presence of visceral herniation, 14% and 0% in absence of visceral hernia. The diaphragmatic repair was always obtained by direct suture, following 20 haemostatic procedures (liver, spleen, mesenterium) and two bowel resections. The mortality rate was 24.4%; the morbidity rate was 48%. Traumatic lesions of the diaphragm are generally expression of particularly severe trauma whose outcome is mainly influenced by the associated lesions. They are also correlated to specific morbidity and mortality, so the surgical exploration is mandatory whenever this injury is suspected, considering that the preoperative diagnosis relies on visceral dislocation. Associated lesions influence the surgical strategy but a direct suture is usually effective in preventing specific complications.
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PMID:Traumatic lesions of the diaphragm. Our experience in 33 cases and review of the literature. 1579 Feb 9

The surgical literature contains few reports about effects of hypothyroidism in patients with acute abdomen; has been reported that a glycoprotein infiltrate the lining of the bowel leading to denervation. We report the case of a woman with acute abdomen secondary to pyosalpynx with uncontrolled hypothyroidism postoperative complications.Hypothyroidism is called "big mimicker"because its clinic spectrum ranges from anasymptomatic subclinical condition to the rare,life-threatening myxedema coma, and thus can bea challenging diagnosis to make. Unrecognized hypothyroidism may lead to unnecessary surgery or even a potentially fatal outcome. A heightened awareness of this not so uncommon entity is mandatory
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PMID:[Mixedematous ileus; acute abdomen exacerbate.]. 1966 72

This study describes the profile of 100 cases of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at a teaching hospital in 1 Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. DKA was more frequent in young women with type 1 diabetes and mostly due to preventable causes, e.g., disrupted insulin treatment and/or infection. DKA also occurred in type 2 diabetics, with a higher mortality rate, as they were older patients with co-morbidity. Polyurea, fatigue, abdominal pain and vomiting were the most common clinical features, while coma was rarer. A high number of cases were first presentations of type 1 diabetes; hence this diagnosis should be considered in all patients with acute abdomen or decreased level of consciousness. The reasons for high mortality rate in this study (10%) were multifactorial.
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PMID:Profile of diabetic ketoacidosis at a teaching hospital in Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. 2079 43

The authors report a case of atherosclerotic stroke in a 46-year-old recreational bodybuilder with a 20 year history of anabolic-adrenergic steroid (AAS) abuse. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurred during his third week of hospital admission for an acute abdomen and on day 8, postemergency laparotomy. CVA presented with collapse, generalised seizures, reduced Glasgow Coma Score and severe hypertension. He was subsequently admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), where initial investigations did not illustrate an underlying diagnosis. By day 4 in ICU, there had been no significant clinical improvement and radiological investigations were repeated, identifying a left frontal lobe infarct in the middle cerebral artery territory. The authors propose CVA was secondary to AAS. After a prolonged and complicated period of rehabilitation, he has been discharged home; he requires carers due to dyspraxia and is mobilising independently.
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PMID:Delayed diagnosis of a cerebrovascular accident associated with anabolic steroid use. 2820 81

Three cases of acute intermittent porphyria are reported. While in first case severe pain in abdomen with intermittent exacerbation was the only presentation, the second patient presented as accelerated hypertension and acute abdominal crises in whom the clinical course was characterized by development of deep coma due to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone before she made complete recovery. The third patient, initially manifested as acute encephalitic syndrome. After initial improvement, she developed features of acute intermittent porphyria i.e. acute abdomen, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and rapidly progressing acute motor neuropathy leading to respiratory and bulbar paralysis. In addition, she developed severe and fluctuating dysautonomia leading to cardiac arrest and fatal termination. The importance of early diagnosis, recognition of autonomic disturbances, prompt treatment and counseling for avoidance of precipitating factors is stressed.
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PMID:Acute intermittent porphyria with SIADH and fluctuating dysautonomia. 2313 86


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