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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this prospective study was to elucidate the characteristics of adult patients with acute abdomen admitted to a Finnish university hospital. A total of 639 patients entered the study. The most common cause of acute abdomen was non-specific abdominal pain (NSAP) (33.0%) followed by acute appendicitis (23.3%) and acute biliary disease (8.8%). The male:female ratio was 47:53 in the whole study population, but there were differences in the age and sex distributions when studied by diagnosis. NSAP was mainly presented in young women, but also in patients over 75 years of age. Acute appendicitis was most frequently found in young men, and biliary disease was most common in elderly women. A male predominance was noted in cases of alcoholic pancreatitis and gastritis, renal stones and peptic ulcer. Young women and elderly patients were slightly over-represented in the study population when compared with the whole population residing within the study area. 43% of the patients were operated on, and surgery was most common in patients aged 55-64 years and 15-24 years. Altogether 15% of the patients were discharged without hospitalisation. Twelve patients (1.9%) died of various causes, the most common of which was malignancy (four patients). In conclusion, a considerably large proportion (one third) of cases with acute abdomen remained without any specific explanation. Further, age and gender seem to be important factors when the most probable cause of acute abdomen is to be considered. Operative treatment is necessary in almost half of cases, and mortality for acute abdomen is low.
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PMID:Acute abdominal pain in adults. 873 26

The correct diagnosis of an acute abdomen in the aged is difficult, because of its varying presentation. Intestinal obstruction as a cause of acute abdomen is five times more common in the elderly as compared to younger patients. Acute intestinal obstruction in elderly patients may be due to intestinal or gynaecologic malignancies, or more frequently to incancerated hernias, peritoneal adhesions or faecal impaction. This case report describes a 90-year old female patient with intestinal obstruction, due to a bilateral torsion of benign ovarian cysts. Urgent surgery was life-saving. This case demonstrates that early decision for adequate therapy can reduce morbidity and mortality, also in very old patients.
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PMID:[Acute intestinal obstruction in an elderly patient]. 902 83

A 38-year-old man presented with acute onset of left iliac fossa pain. He had never noticed a left testis. An ultrasound scan showed a solid pelvic mass. Alfafoetoprotein and HCG were normal. Laparotomy for an acute abdomen was performed and revealed torsion of the left intra-abdominal testis. A left orchiectomy was performed. The patient made an uneventful recovery. Histology showed seminoma and carcinoma in situ. A testicular biopsy from the right testis showed no malignancy. A detailed examination of the genitalia should be part of the usual abdominal examination.
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PMID:[Intra-abdominal torsion of the testis with seminoma]. 922 89

Leukaemic and lymphomatous infiltration of the appendix is rare and even rarer is acute appendicitis as the initial manifestation. From our routine biopsy material we collected four cases of haematological malignancies presenting as acute appendicitis or acute abdomen, caused or accompanied by tumoral infiltration of the appendix. Appendicitis was the initial manifestation that allowed diagnosis of the underlying disease. The clinical histories and histological examinations of the appendices and of one autopsy are described. We report the first detailed description of acute myeloid leukaemia involving the appendix, and three cases of lymphomatous infiltration of the appendix presenting with appendicitis, and give an overview of the literature. In these days of budgetary cuts in national health services, where one may be tempted not to have seemingly commonplace cases of appendicitis histologically verified, our cases emphasize that careful histopathological examination of all appendectomy specimens should be mandatory. Despite the fact that leukaemia and lymphoma of the appendix are rare, our cases illustrate that these must be included in the differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis and that physicians and surgeons have to be aware of these conditions.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1997
PMID:Leukaemia and lymphoma of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis or acute abdomen. Four case reports with a review of the literature. 939 90

The experience of diagnosis and treatment of the ovarial tumor and cyst in 68 girls was summarized. Children were admitted to the hospital with an acute abdomen signs and in a planned order as well. All the patients were operated on. Children with benign ovarial tumor and cyst are alive. Four patients with malignancy have died.
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PMID:[Clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of ovarian tumors and cysts in children]. 998 46

With new technical advances, wider availability, and the recent proliferation of less invasive surgery, the use of diagnostic laparoscopy has expanded far beyond its traditional role in the evaluation of chronic liver disease. Short of open laparotomy, diagnostic laparoscopy is the most accurate modality for staging of intra-abdominal malignancies, and is particularly well-suited for patients who otherwise would not require surgical palliation. In addition to avoiding unnecessary laparotomy in this group, diagnostic laparoscopy has proved valuable in the assessment of abdominal trauma, acute abdomen, and ischemic bowel disease. We briefly review here some of the new developments in the field of diagnostic laparoscopy.
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PMID:Diagnostic laparoscopy: an update. 1008 17

Lymphangioma is an uncommon tumor. Lymphangiomatosis, a benign tumor consisting of a cluster of dilated lymphatic channels, is very unusual. Most lymphangiomatoses are found in the neck and head area. Less than 5% are diagnosed intraabdominally and they are very infrequently encountered in the retroperitoneal area. Herein, we report a rare case of a 32 year-old woman who had disseminated intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal cystic lymphangiomatosis, which presented as acute abdomen. She received exploratory laparotomy due to the suspicion of malignancy, which was finally confirmed as cystic lymphangiomatosis. The clinical manifestations, imaging features, and management of this patient are discussed and compared with previous literature.
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PMID:Disseminated cystic lymphangiomatosis presenting with acute abdomen: report of a case and review of the literature. 1022 91

When colonic carcinomas present with acute abdomen, the operating surgeon and the pathologist face a plethora of diagnostic and therapeutic problems. In this retrospective study of 92 cases of carcinoma colon, 4 presented with acute intestinal obstruction of which three had a turbulent post operative period and died. The resected colonic segment showed on gross examination cobblestone appearance characteristic of Crohn's disease but microscopically was ischemic with the stricture site showing features of an infiltrating poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. We have made an attempt to study the various pathologic features and analyse their significance with reference to prognosis.
Indian J Cancer 1998 Dec
PMID:Colonic carcinomas masquerading as Crohn's colitis. 1038 29

Spontaneous perforation is a very rare complication of pyometra. We report herein the case of an 88-year-old woman who presented with muscular rigidity and free air on abdominal X-ray films. Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract was diagnosed preoperatively, and an emergency laparotomy was performed. A total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was carried out under the diagnosis of generalized peritonitis caused by the spontaneous perforation of pyometra. The culture of purulent fluid from the abdominal cavity showed only Escherichia coli, with no anaerobic bacteria. Histological examination revealed pyometra with necrosis of the endometrium and no evidence of malignancy. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 68 without any major complications. Pyometra is an unusual cause of peritonitis, but it must be considered as a possible diagnosis in elderly women presenting with an acute abdomen. Following this case report, we discuss the problems associated with establishing a correct preoperative diagnosis of generalized peritonitis caused by the spontaneous perforation of pyometra.
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PMID:Generalized peritonitis with pneumoperitoneum caused by the spontaneous perforation of pyometra without malignancy: report of a case. 1048 41

Ovarian carcinoma commonly occurs in postmenopausal women and often presents with an insidious course. Acute abdomen is rarely an initial symptom. When these patients present with abdominal discomfort, the disease has already spread throughout the peritoneal cavity. We present a case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in a young woman who presented with acute abdomen and intra-abdominal bleeding. This 24-year-old woman was previously diagnosed with a ruptured left ovarian cystic tumor at a primary clinic. She underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy, followed by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the clinic. No thorough examination of the peritoneal cavity was done during surgery. The diagnosis of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was accidentally over-looked until one month later when she returned for routine follow-up. Upon referral to our clinic, the patient underwent a repeat laparotomy. The surgicopathologic diagnosis was intraperitoneal carcinomatosis stage IIIC that could not be excised completely, even though rigorous staging surgery including washing cytology, total abdominal hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, appendectomy, infracolic omentectomy and excision of any suspicious and removable lesions were performed. This case alerts us to consider the possibility of ovarian malignancy when a young woman presents with an acute abdomen secondary to ruptured ovarian cystic tumor and intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Careful preoperative preparation and thorough intrasurgical examination of the peritoneal cavity along with a prompt pathologic diagnosis of suspicious lesions will prevent missed diagnoses.
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PMID:Accidentally delayed diagnosis of ruptured ovarian carcinoma in a young woman: a care report. 1053 4


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