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Query: UMLS:C0000727 (acute abdomen)
 3,084 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of patients with acute renal failure (ARF) and acute abdomen collected by the St. John the Baptist Hospital's Nephrology and Dialysis Division over the period 1970-75 is examined. A high rate of mortality was noted, due to causes that were mostly independent of ARF Death was often related to failure to resolve acute abdomen. The progression of ARF appeared to be related to that of the abdominal affection with prompt resolution of the latter. These findings suggest that constriction of the afferent arteriole may offer a partial, functional basis for ARF with the corollary that it has a good chance of being reversed, even after protracted periods of anuria. Renal complications associated with disseminated or localised intravascular coagulation appear to be rare. Treatment was best directed to early and frequent dialysis, with surgical resolution whenever indicated, irrespective of the presence of ARF.
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PMID:[Acute renal failure and acute abdomen]. 101 28

18 patients were admitted from 1969 to 1973 to the Surgical and Urological University Clinic in Mainz with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms. Three patients died immediately following the operation and three during surgery from internal hemorrhage. Eight patients died later following prolonged shock. Four patients survived surgery. The classical symptoms of shock, abdominal pain and pulsating tumor was only present in three patients. The diagnosis was only made in seven patients at admission, from the clinical findings. Urological symptoms were also prominent such as unilateral flank pain, colic, dysuria, anuria and tenderness over the kidney. There is no typical clinical picture of ruptured aortic aneurysm. Acute urological symptomatology in cases of acute abdomen with unclear etiology and in connection with shock could indicate a ruptured aortic aneurysm. There is absolute indication for immediate operative intervention. The aneurysm is removed and replaced by a vascular prosthesis. Early diagnosis is important since prolonged shock and anuria will result in a poor postoperative prognosis. Abdominal exploration is therefore also indicated when a ruptured aortic aneurysm is only suspected.
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PMID:[Urinary tract manifestations of ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms (author's transl)]. 120 8

During 1980, 30 patients underwent successful operations for ascending thrombosis of the abdominal aorta in its three forms: low (below the inferior mesenteric artery, 11 patients); middle (above the inferior mesenteric artery, 6 patients); and high (at the level of the renal arteries, 13 patients). An angiogram that reveals high ascending thrombosis of the abdominal aorta is paradoxically more favorable than one that reveals middle or low ascending thrombosis of the abdominal aorta. In fact, the patient with a juxtarenal thrombosis has already overcome two of the three phases that constitute the critical moments of potential failure of the collateral circulation. Progressive ascending thrombosis with a poor prognosis and a rapidly downward course can cause acute ischemia with paraplegia of the legs and intestinal infarction. Most patients die suddenly in the emergency or intensive care unit from paraplegia, acute abdomen, or anuria; the latter is due to further progressive thrombosis with obstruction of the orifice of the renal arteries. On the basis of the angiogram only (apart from subjective symptoms), ascending thrombosis of the abdominal aorta constitutes an absolute indication for surgical treatment.
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PMID:Natural history of ascending thrombosis of the abdominal aorta. 684 5

Stercoral perforation of the colon or rectum is a rare cause of acute abdomen, with fewer than 70 cases documented in the literature. We report herein the case of a 60-year-old man who presented with anuria and epigastric pain with physical signs of peritonitis. An abdominal X-ray showed bilateral subphrenic free air accumulation, and an emergency laparotomy subsequently revealed perforation of the rectum, suggestive of a stercoral cause, which was treated by simple closure after debridement. Following an uneventful postoperative course, he was discharged from the hospital 3 weeks after his operation and is now doing well without having suffered any further gastrointestinal problems. The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease are reviewed following the presentation of this case. Surgeons should be aware of the possibility of this fatal disease, despite its rare incidence. Furthermore, it is important to recognize the condition at an early stage because it has a significantly high mortality if not treated early. Conversely, the surgical outcome is satisfactory provided surgery is performed in due time.
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PMID:Spontaneous perforation of the rectum with possible stercoral etiology: report of a case and review of the literature. 974 4

We report on 4 cases of severe icteric leptospirosis. Three patients developed renal failure requiring haemodialysis and one required mechanic ventilation for 10 days. On entry all patients presented with severe myalgia, particularly in the calves, jaundice, oligo-anuria and severe thrombocytopenia. In one case an acute abdomen-like presentation led to exploratory laparotomy. We believe that the abdominal pain was mainly due to rhabdomyolysis of the abdominal wall. The outcome was favorable in all cases and recovery of renal function was observed after a few days to several weeks. Three out of 4 patients were infected in southern Switzerland. This observation underscores the importance of wild and domestic animals as a leptospira reservoir. Patients presenting with acute renal failure and jaundice, but only mild-to-moderate elevation of transaminases, are suspect for leptospirosis regardless of travel to a tropical or subtropical country.
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PMID:[Endemic and imported severe leptospirosis (Weil's disease) in southern Switzerland]. 1107 13

Genital prolapse is common among ageing women. Urinary obstruction and hydronephrosis have been reported as one of the most severe and fortunately uncommon complications. An 82-year-old multiparous woman with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse quantification stage 4 genital procidentia fails multiple trials of pessary and abandons the trials due to significant side effects. She chooses to pursue conservative management with estrogen cream and tight underwear. However, she fails to follow up as planned. Two years later, she presents with acute abdomen and renal failure due to renal calyceal rupture and perirenal urinary extravasation from complete procidentia. She is treated promptly with urinary catheter, manual prolapse reduction, and Gellhorn pessary which relieves anuria and stabilizes her condition. She then receives definitive surgical treatment 2 weeks later. Her renal failure and abdominal pain resolve post-operatively.
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PMID:Renal calyceal rupture and perirenal urinary extravasation from complete procidentia. 2134 31

Spontaneous bladder rupture is usually due to bladder diseases. Bladder rupture during labor or postpartum is extremely rare. Acute abdomen is the usual presentation of spontaneous bladder rupture. Patients may complain of suprapubic pain, anuria and hematuria. Some patients with intraperitoneal bladder rupture may have no abdominal pain and can pass urine without any symptoms so the diagnosis of intraperitoneal rupture may be difficult in these situations. We report a nulliparous woman with abdominal pain and distension about 20 days after normal vaginal delivery. There was intraperitoneal rupture of bladder in dome of bladder which was sealed by jejunum.
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PMID:A Late Presentation of Spontaneous Bladder Rupture During Labor. 2731 90