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Query: KEGG:D06468 (Isopaque)
 156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ability of antigens and allogeneic cells to induce lymphokine synthesis and cellular co-operation in lymphokine production was investigated. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were separated into T- and B-cell populations by sheep red blood cell rosette formation and centrifugation on Ficoll--Isopaque. The cells were then stimulated with PPD, SK-SD, candida and with allogeneic cells. The presence of leucocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) in the culture supernatants was tested by the agarose migration method. The results indicated that T lymphocytes produced LIF after stimulation with antigens and allogeneic cells. In addition, B cells responded to PPD. Except for PPD the stimulants did not induce significant T-cell LIF production in the absence of monocytes. Only autologous monocytes enhanced LIF synthesis after antigenic stimulation, whereas in mixed lymphocyte cultures allogeneic monocytes were as effective as autologous ones. The monocyte helper effect was mediated by soluble factors in mixed lymphocyte cultures and by soluble factors and direct cell--cell contact in antigen-stimulated cultures. No co-operation between T and B lymphocytes was found. B cells did not enhance LIF production by T cells, nor could T cells induce a B-cell response to antigens or allogeneic cells.
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PMID:Cellular co-operation in the production of human leucocyte inhibitory factor by lymphocyte subpopulations stimulated with antigens and allogeneic cells. 38 77

Migration inhibitory (MI) activity in exudates, and 'migration' and 'inhibition of migration' of exudate cells was investigated in the delayed hypersensitivity (DH) reaction induced by intrapleural injection of PPD into complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)-sensitized guinea-pigs. During the initial reaction (6-hour), two types of antigen-dependent MI activity were detected in serum and cell free exudate. One was a high molecular weight material associated with immunoglobulin, and the other was a low molecular weight material and appeared to be so-called antigen-dependent migration inhibitory factor (MIF). As the reaction progressed (i.e. 12-24-hour), two types of antigen-independent MI activity were revealed in exudate, but not in serum. One of these was a high molecular weight material, and the other was a low molecular weight material and thought to be so-called antigen-independent MIF. Similar experiments were performed on the reversed passive Arthus (RPA) reaction in the pleural cavity of guinea-pigs. A high molecular weight substance having MI activity was detected in 6-hour cell free exudate and was found to be antigen-independent. So-called MIF was not found in this reaction. Migration of unseparated exudate cells from the 18-hour DH reaction was less extensive than that of 6-hour unseparated cells. Addition of antigen caused further inhibition, the effect on 18-hour exudate cells being more pronounced. These results were further examined, using mononuclear cells separated on a Ficoll-Isopaque gradient. The migration area of the mononuclear cells was reduced as the DH reaction progressed. Mononuclear cells from the DH reaction gave a smaller migration area throughout the reaction in comparison with blood mononuclear cells. The migration area of the RPA exudate mononuclear cells was also reduced as the reaction progressed. However 6-hour RPA exudate mononuclear cells gave a larger migration area than blood mononuclear cells. The migration of mononuclear cells from DH exudate was inhibited by addition of antigen. A greater degree of inhibition of migration was induced by addition of antigen to mononuclear cells from 18- and 24-hour exudate cells in comparison with 6- and 12-hour exudates. The migration of mononuclear cells from normal blood (i.e. unsensitized animals) and RPA exudate (6- and 18-hour) was unaffected by addition of antigen. Similar results were obtained for blood of complete Freund's adjuvant sensitized animals from 0- to 18-hour. Adherent (A) and nonadherent (NA) mononuclear cells from 18-hour DH exudate were separated through a glass bead column. The migration of adherent cells from 6-hour exudates was not significantly inhibited whereas that of 18-hour mononuclear cells was markedly inhibited. The effect on migration of each mononuclear cell fraction was detected by mixing with peritoneal exudate cells (used as indicator cells). The effect of the A cells from 18-hour mononuclear cell exudates on peritoneal exudate cells was strong, whereas that of 6-hour exudates was less marked...
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PMID:Studies on mechanisms of immobilization of mononuclear cells in the delayed hypersensitivity (DH) reaction. 78 6

Spontaneous human lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (SLMC) against tumour-cell targets was examined in a series of patients with localized or malignant disease, both treated and untreated, and patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The level of SLMC was assessed by means of two previously established assay systems; the xenogeneic assay involving the mouse mastocytoma line P815, and the allogeneic assay in which the human chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived line, K562, was used. The assay systems involve the use of Ficoll-Isopaque-separated, iron-plus-magnetism-purified lymphocytes in an overnight 51chromium release assay, and reflect the cytotoxic ability of human non-T, complement receptor-, Fc receptor-positive lymphocytes. In the present paper, lymphocytes from all normal donors tested showed significant activity in the SLMC assay, with some variation from day to day. This variation was markedly reduced when different normal donors were tested on the same day and under identical experimental conditions. In contrast, lymphocytes from many patients with malignant disease had decreased SLM activity, and this decrease was highly significant in patients with treated or untreated metastatic disease, or untreated CLL. This was also the case when the data were expressed relative to the number of cytotoxic cells in the normal control population, or in comparison to the relative SLMC activity of lymphocytes from patients with other conditions. Markedly decreased SLMC was observed in some patients in spite of normal T and B lymphocyte proportions, or the presence of the ability to mount a vigorous delayed hypersensitivity reaction to PPD. A comparison of the xenogeneic and allogeneic assays showed that the same information with respect to whether SLMC was normal or abnormal was obtained with both assays in the majority of cases. The significance of the data is discussed with respect to the possible role of SLMC in vivo and the relevance of SLMC to the assessment of specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in malignant disease.
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PMID:Spontaneous human lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity againts tumour target cells. I. The effect of malignant disease. 82 77

To evaluate functional characteristics of lymphocytes from the northern pike, Esox lucius L., mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll-Isopaque gradients from lymphoid organs and cutaneous tumors of normal and tumor bearing pikes. The cells were tested in a lymphocyte proliferation assay in medium supplemented with fetal calf serum or autologous plasma using three concentrations of PHA, Con A, tuberculin PPD, and LPS. Lymphocytes of northern pike could be triggered to DNA synthesis in vitro. However, no clearcut anatomical partitioning of mitogen responses was found, since the mean optimal proliferation indices for each mitogen were similar in blood, head kidney, and spleen, while cells from head kidney, the equivalent of bone marrow, were stimulated as well with the murine T cell mitogens PHA and Con A as with the B cell mitogens PPD and LPS. Tumorous pikes seemed to have an apparently normal lymphocyte population since they responded by blastogenesis as well as normal pikes. Tumor cells exhibited a high basic metabolic rate and reactivity to mitogens was largely lacking.
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PMID:Cutaneous tumor of northern pike, Esox lucius L. I. In vitro mitogenic responses of mononuclear cells from lymphoid tissues and tumor. 344 May 1

Membrane and transformation characteristics of lymphocytes isolated from the synovial membrane and from paired peripheral blood samples, obtained from patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis, were studied. Synovial tissue lymphocytes were isolated by a new technique. Two suspensions of peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied: one isolated by Ficoll-Isopaque density gradient centrifugation, the other enriched in T cells by an additional step of 1 hour nylon wool column filtration. All suspensions were characterised by the percentages of mononuclear phagocytic cells, and T and B lymphocytes. The spontaneous (3)H-thymidine uptake of synovial tissue lymphocyte suspensions always exceeded that of the peripheral blood lymphocyte suspensions. The in-vitro responsiveness of synovial tissue lymphocytes to PHA, Con-A, and PWM, as measured by (3)H-thymidine uptake, was always consistently lower than that of paired peripheral blood lymphocytes whether or not enriched in T cells. The responsiveness to antigens, including PPD, varidase, and an antigen cocktail consisting of varidase, trychophyton, and Staphylococcus aureus antigen, showed the same effect. No dissociation was found between the response to PPD and the other antigens studied. These results suggest that the relative unresponsiveness to mitogens and antigens of synovial tissue lymphocytes in comparison with blood lymphocytes is not caused by mononuclear phagocyte contamination, but either by different subsets of T lymphocytes or by different functional states of T lymphocytes present in the synovial membrane and peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:Membrane and transformation characteristics of lymphocytes isolated from the synovial membrane and paired peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 644 17