Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: KEGG:D06457 (HCG)
 2,659 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The adverse effect of raised luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations on reproductive outcome suggests that exogenous LH administration for ovarian stimulation may not be desirable. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical pregnancy rates between follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) used in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. A total of 232 infertile patients, with a mean duration of infertility of 67.1 +/- 32.9 months, were selected for IVF (female age < 38 years, FSH < 15 IU/l, and total motile sperm count > 5 x 10(6)). A short (flare-up) protocol with daily leuprolide acetate was followed randomly from day 3 with FSH (n = 115) or human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG; n = 117), at an initial dose of two ampoules per day. A maximum of three embryos was transferred, and the luteal phase was supported with four doses of HCG (2500 IU). No differences were observed between the two groups in any of the cycle response variables except fertilization rates per oocyte and per patient, both of which were significantly higher with FSH. Clinical pregnancy rates per cycle initiated, per oocyte retrieval and per embryo transfer were 19.1, 21.0 and 22.7% respectively for FSH, and 12.0, 12.8 and 15.4% respectively for HMG. Whilst these differences were not statistically significant, the results of this interim analysis suggest that HMG may be associated with a lower clinical pregnancy rate than FSH.
 ...
PMID:Randomized controlled trial of follicle stimulating hormone versus human menopausal gonadotrophin in in-vitro fertilization. 759 3

Objectives of our work were to determine whether the presence of endometriosis, stage and the activity of the disease influence the sperm-peritoneal fluid (PF) incubation test and, possibly, whether a GnRH agonist (GnRHa) treatment in these patients can reduce the PF toxicity toward sperms. Preovulatory PFs from 18 patients with endometriosis (11 stage I-II rAFS and/stage III-IV; 10 with active lesions and 8 with inactive disease), and from 15 women with unexplained infertility were collected and frozen at the time of diagnostic laparoscopy. The ten patients with active endometriosis were treated by 3 months ovarian desensitization by a GnRH a (Decapeptyl 3.75 mg, Ipsen, Milan Italy) followed by a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with a purified FSH (Metrodin, Serono, Rome, Italy) and HCG 10.000 UI (Profasi, Serono) when appropriate. In these patients, immediately before performing intrauterine and/or intraperitoneal insemination, a small aliquot of PF was collected transvaginally checking the absence of oocytes. Five hundreds suspension for one hour. PFs inducing a decrease in sperm motility greater than 20% were defined "toxic". The prevalence of toxic PF was not statistically greater in endometriosis (8/18) than in unexplained infertility (3/15) and was not dependent upon the stage of the disease, while it was significantly (rho = 0.01) more frequent in patients with active endometriosis (7/10) than other women (4/23). After a three months GnRHa treatment of these patients the rate of toxic PFs was significantly (p = 0.02) decreased (1 out of 10 treated cases).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Sperm-peritoneal fluid incubation test: influence of a GnRH agonist treatment. 766 Jul 16

The important contributions of sperm-oocyte interaction to infertility diagnostics is well established. Scientists are urged to search for methods to improve the assessment of gamete interaction. Sperm binding and penetration assays have frequented the literature, reporting on various aspects of sperm-oocyte interaction using either microbisected or whole human oocytes during the assay procedure. The objective of the study was to evaluate additional zona pellucida sources which can be used during zona binding studies. Hemizonae were obtained from the following oocytes: 1) experiment 1, prophase I oocytes from post-mortem ovarian tissue from different age groups namely, 7 months, 5 years, 7 years, 12 years and 30 years; 2) experiment 2 used donated immature Prophase I oocytes from the IVF treatment program and 3) experiment 3 evaluated zona binding for hemizonae which were previously used in hemizona assays. Results indicated that, in experiment 1, ovarian age does not have any influence on the zona pellucida's capacity to bind spermatozoa. The mean number of bound sperm among the different age groups did not differ significantly, namely 38.9 +/- 17 (7 months), 31.0 +/- 27 (5 years), 49.3 +/- 21 (7 years), 32.8 +/- 18 (12 years) and 39.5 +/- 17 (30 years). The pooled mean +/- SD binding for all the age groups in experiment 1 was 37.7 +/- 7. Likewise, the mean number of sperm bound (experiment 2) to zonae collected from oocytes using different ovulation induction regimes were 31.1 +/- 20 (unstimulated), 54.4 +/- 12 (HMG/HCG) and 15.3 +/- 9 (HMG alone).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Sperm binding capacity of human zona pellucida derived from oocytes obtained from different sources. 782 43

A randomized prospective study was undertaken to compare low and standard luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LHRHa) dosage used in combination with gonadotrophins in ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization (IVF). A total of 42 ovulatory patients with mechanical infertility were administered 0.5 mg/day LHRHa (Decapeptyl) from day 21 of their cycles for 14 days. Following down-regulation, patients were randomly allocated to continue with the same dose of LHRHa (22 patients, group A) or to receive a lower dose of 0.1 mg/day LHRHa (20 patients, group B) during folliculogenesis. Luteal phase was supported by daily i.m. progesterone (50 mg) injections and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG; 1500 IU) every 4 days. Ovarian response, human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) dosage used for induction of ovulation, evidence of premature luteinization, and clinical and laboratory IVF outcome, were compared between groups A and B. The two groups were comparable in respect of: age (32.6 +/- 0.7 and 33.0 +/- 0.9 years), HMG dosage (33.0 +/- 1.6 and 36.0 +/- 2.5 ampoules), day of HCG (11.2 +/- 0.3 and 12.2 +/- 0.4), oocytes/patient (13.3 +/- 1.0 and 12.9 +/- 1.3), fertilization rate (68.5 and 65.2%), cleavage rate (95% for both), pregnancy/embryo transfer (32 and 35%) and implantation rate (10.8 and 10.5%), for groups A and B respectively. There was no evidence of premature luteinization or luteolysis in either group. It was concluded that lowering the dose of LHRHa to 0.1 mg/day during folliculogenesis had no adverse effect on ovarian response or clinical results. However, it had no advantage in reducing the HMG dose used for ovulation induction.
 ...
PMID:A comparison between a standard and reduced dose of D-Trp-6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone administered after pituitary suppression for in-vitro fertilization. 784 8

The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is the most important iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation. Every drug used in the treatment of infertility such as FSH, HMG, CC, GnRHa, can lead to the syndrome. The authors of the article report the incidence of OHSS in their patients treated for an assisted conception program; the role of oestrogens, HCG and renin-angiotensin system; the classification, the therapy and how to prevent the syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome]. 801 99

This report summarises the result of the GIFT program at Ramathibodi Hospital during 1990-1991. There were 35 treatment cycles in 34 infertile couples. The age of the females varied from 29 to 41 years. Duration of infertility was 3 to 10 years. GIFT was performed during diagnostic laparoscopy in 26 cycles (78%). Other indications were endometriosis (5 cycles), concurrent with myomectomy (3 cycles) and unexplained infertility (1 cycle). Two cases received CC+HMG for superovulation, the others had GnRHa+HMG. Transvaginal ultrasound guided oocyte pick up yielded 2 to 10 oocytes (mean 5.8 oocytes per cycle). Two to 8 oocytes were transferred. All patients received progesterone or HCG for luteal support. In cases of diagnostic laparoscopy, the findings were normal (10 cases), endometriosis (7 cases), pelvic adhesion (6 cases) and myoma uteri 3 cases). No pregnancy was achieved among 18 GIFT cycles performed in 1990. In 1991, after changing some instruments and methods, there were 5 pregnancies out of 17 GIFT cycles (29%). The factors that influenced the outcome were good selection of instruments and method, maturity of oocytes and semen parameters.
 ...
PMID:Early experience with gamete intrafallopian transfer at Ramathibodi Hospital. 811 49

The adverse effect of raised luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations on reproductive outcome suggests that exogenous LH administration for ovarian stimulation may not be desirable. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical pregnancy rates between follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) used in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. A total of 232 infertile patients, with a mean duration of infertility of 67.1 +/- 32.9 months, were selected for IVF (female age < 38 years, FSH < 15 IU/l, and total motile sperm count > 5 x 10(6). A short (flare-up) protocol with daily leuprolide acetate was followed randomly from day 3 with FSH (n = 115) or human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG; n = 117), at an initial dose of two ampoules per day. A maximum of three embryos was transferred, and the luteal phase was supported with four doses of HCG (2,500 IU). No differences were observed between the two groups in any of the cycle response variables except fertilization rates per oocyte and per patient, both of which were significantly higher with FSH. Clinical pregnancy rates per cycle initiated, per oocyte retrieval and per embryo transfer were 19.1, 21.0 and 22.7% respectively for FSH, and 12.0, 12.8 and 15.4% respectively for HMG. Whilst these differences were not statistically significant, the results of this interim analysis suggest that HMG may be associated with a lower clinical pregnancy rate than FSH.
 ...
PMID:[A randomized, controlled trial comparing follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) in fertilization in vitro]. 855 78

Total ovarian volumes were measured before the administration of HCG in 42 women undergoing treatment for infertility by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer and considered to have an exaggerated response to stimulation ( > 20 follicles). Seven women who subsequently developed moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) (n = 7; group 1) were compared with 35 matched controls (five matched controls per case; n = 35; group 2) of similar age, number of follicles and duration of infertility who underwent follicular stimulation, oocyte recovery, in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer during the same period but did not develop moderate or severe OHSS. The mean age, duration of infertility and total number of follicles were similar but the mean total ovarian volume was significantly higher in the group of women who developed moderate or severe OHSS compared with controls (271.00 +/- 87.00 versus 157.30 +/- 54.20 ml; P < 0.01). We conclude that total ovarian volume measured before HCG administration is higher in women who develop moderate or severe OHSS compared with controls and may therefore be used as an additional parameter in the preventative strategy for the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Total ovarian volume before human chorionic gonadotrophin administration for ovulation induction may predict the hyperstimulation syndrome. 882 46

The present report covers the results of a 38-month period in which 2853 consecutive intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were performed in 1953 couples. These couples were afflicted with male factor infertility and had at least one previous failed conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycle. In other couples, the husband had semen parameters incompatible with conventional IVF or suffered from excretory or secretory azoospermia where it was possible to recover spermatozoa by microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (mesa) or by testicular sperm extraction (tese) procedure. Overall, the 2-PN fertilization rate was 62% per retrieved metaphase II oocyte and 70% per successfully injected metaphase II oocyte. Embryo transfer was performed in 91% of started cycles. The cumulative pregnancy rate (positive HCG) was 34% per started ICSI treatment and 37% per embryo transfer.
 ...
PMID:A survey of four years of experience with intracytoplasmic sperm injection. 892 11

We report two cases of structural variations of chromosome 9 associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and azoospermia in adolescent boys. One patient also had a partially imperforated urethral meatus. Histological examination revealed that both had hypotrophic and underdeveloped testes. There was no LH and FSH response to LH-RH stimulation nor was there any response to naloxone tests. Basal and HCG stimulated plasma testosterone values were below normal prepubertal levels. As the administration of gonadotrophins did not improve the clinical and hormonal findings, alternative androgen therapy was necessary to achieve secondary sexual characteristics. Although they reached a good level of androgenization, their testes were still very small and azoospermia remained, as confirmed by repeated semen analyses. A possible association between chromosome 9 polymorphisms and hypothalamo-pituitary axis abnormalities is suggested. It is hypothesized that structural variants of chromosome 9 are not unrelated occurrences. Furthermore, and in view of the fact that they can lead to a high risk of azoospermia and infertility, such variants call for clinical investigation.
 ...
PMID:Structural variants of chromosome 9: a possible association with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. 936 69


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>