Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: KEGG:D03374 (
Capsicum
)
2,272
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The capsaicinoid synthetase (CS) gene cosegregated perfectly with the C locus, which controls the presence of pungency, in 121 F2 individuals from a cross between 'ECW123R' and 'CM334', both of
Capsicum
annuum. We concluded that CS and C are tightly linked. Sequence analysis of the genes of four pungent and four non-pungent pepper lines showed that the non-pungent peppers had a 2,529 bp-deletion in the 5' upstream region of CS. We have developed molecular markers of the C locus to detect pungency at the seedling stage. Based on the deleted sequence, we developed five
SCAR
markers, two of them being codominant. These
SCAR
markers will be useful for easy, accurate, and early detection of non-pungent individuals in breeding programs.
...
PMID:Non-pungent Capsicum contains a deletion in the capsaicinoid synthetase gene, which allows early detection of pungency with SCAR markers. 1587 12
Powdery mildew, caused by
Leveillula taurica
, is a major fungal disease affecting greenhouse-grown pepper (
Capsicum
annuum
). Powdery mildew resistance has a complex mode of inheritance. In the present study, we investigated a novel powdery mildew resistance locus,
PMR1
, using two mapping populations: 102 'VK515' F
2:3
families (derived from a cross between resistant parental line 'VK515R' and susceptible parental line 'VK515S') and 80 'PM Singang' F
2
plants (derived from the F
1
'PM Singang' commercial hybrid). Genetic analysis of the F
2:3
'VK515' and F
2
'PM Singang' populations revealed a single dominant locus for inheritance of the powdery mildew resistance trait. Genetic mapping showed that the
PMR1
locus is located on syntenic regions of pepper chromosome 4 in a 4-Mb region between markers CZ2_11628 and HRM4.1.6 in 'VK515R'. Six molecular markers including one
SCAR
marker and five SNP markers were localized to a region 0 cM from the
PMR1
locus. Two putative nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR)-type disease resistance genes were identified in this
PMR1
region. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and genetic mapping analysis revealed suppressed recombination in the
PMR1
region, perhaps due to alien introgression. In addition, a comparison of species-specific InDel markers as well as GBS-derived SNP markers indicated that
C. baccatum
represents a possible source of such alien introgression of powdery mildew resistance into 'VK515R'. The molecular markers developed in this study will be especially helpful for marker-assisted selection in pepper breeding programs for powdery mildew resistance.
...
PMID:Molecular Mapping of
PMR1
, a Novel Locus Conferring Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Pepper (
Capsicum annuum
). 2927 24
Stunted cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L. cvs. PHY 375 WR and PHY 565 WR) from two separate fields near Goldsboro in Wayne County, North Carolina were collected by the NCDA&CS Agronomic Division nematode lab for nematode assay and identification in December 2011. The galls on cotton plants were very large in comparison with those commonly associated with Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid and White (Chitwood) infected cotton. In August 2012, the lab also received heavily galled roots of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. 7732) from Wayne and Johnston counties. Population densities of the 2nd-stage juveniles ranged from 150 to 3,800 per 500 cc soil. Female perineal patterns were similar to M. incognita, but PCR and DNA sequencing matched that of M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback (4). DNA sequences of ribosomal DNA small subunit, internal transcribed spacer, large subunit domain 2 and 3, intergeneric spacer, RNA polymerase II large subunit, and histone gene H3, were found to be 100% homologous when comparing populations of M. enterolobii from North Carolina and China. Species identification was also confirmed using PCR by a species-specific
SCAR
primer set MK7-F/MK7-R (2). M. enterolobii Yang & Eisenback was described in 1983 from a population causing severe damage to pacara earpod tree (Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong) in China (4). In 2004, M. mayaguensis Rammah & Hirschmann, a species described from Puerto Rico, was synonymized with M. enterolobii based on esterase phenotype and mitochondrial DNA sequence (3). M. enterolobii is considered to be a highly pathogenic species and has been reported from vegetables, ornamental plants, guava, and weeds in China, Africa, Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Florida in the United States (1,3,4). Of particular concern is its ability to develop on crop genotypes carrying root-knot-nematode resistance genes (Mi-1, Mh, Mir1, N, Tabasco, and Rk) in tobacco, tomato, soybean, potato, cowpea, sweet potato, and cotton. Consequently, this species was added to the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization A2 Alert list in 2010. Two populations of M. enterolobii one from soybean and one from cotton were reared on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. lycopersicum) in a greenhouse setting. Eggs were extracted using NaOCl and inoculated, at a rate of 7,000 per 15-cm-diameter clay pot, into a sandy soil mixture (1:1 washed river sand and loamy sand). Tomato, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), cotton, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai), pepper (
Capsicum
annuum L.), and root-knot-susceptible and -resistant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cvs. K326 and NC 70, respectively) were transplanted immediately into the infested soil with four replications. Root galls on the host differentials were evaluated after 90 days. Reproduction occurred on all hosts except for peanut, which is consistent with reports for M. enterolobii and M. incognita race 4 (4). Adult females from pepper plants used in the host differential test were sequenced on partial 18S and ITS1 region and confirmed to be M. enterlobii. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a natural infection of North Carolina field crops with M. enterolobii. References: (1) J. Brito et al. J. Nematol. 36:324, 2004. (2) M. S. Tigano et al. Plant Pathol. 59:1054, 2010. (3) J. Xu et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110:309, 2004. (4) B. Yang and J. D. Eisenback. J. Nematol. 15:381, 1983.
...
PMID:First Report of Meloidogyne enterolobii on Cotton and Soybean in North Carolina, United States. 3072 42
