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Query: KEGG:D03343 (MDS)
 2,225 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myelodysplasia is characterized by a hypoproliferative anaemia with ineffective intramedullary erythropoiesis. We have used the novel technology of the Bayer H3 analyser to characterize reticulocytes (RNA containing red cells) from 32 MDS patients and 10 elderly normal subjects. In comparison with reticulocytes from normal subjects, those from MDS patients were larger with a lower haemoglobin concentration. Reticulocytes from sideroblastic patients had a lower haemoglobin content and concentration than for refractory anaemia patients but no other differences between FAB subtypes were found. H3 reticulocyte RNA content parameters correlated poorly with those derived by the Sysmex R-1000, particularly in the MDS group. On reticulocyte maturation to red cells MDS patients concentrated haemoglobin more than normal subjects and this was most evident in the sideroblastic group. Platelet depletion of whole blood suggested that large platelets in the sideroblastic group may have partly contributed to this observation. Prospective evaluation of changes towards normal reticulocyte cytometric parameters may assist in assessment of early erythroid response to therapy in MDS patients.
Clin Lab Haematol 1996 Sep
PMID:Cytometric analysis and maturation characteristics of reticulocytes from myelodysplastic patients. 893 85

Therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (t-AML/MDS) are being reported with increasing frequency as a complication of ABMT for Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. At present there is no method available to predict who is at risk or is destined to develop this nearly universally fatal disorder. We therefore investigated whether clonal growth of cells is predictive of the development of t-AML/MDS. In a patient who developed secondary AML/MDS 18 months after ABMT, X-linked clonality analysis at the human androgen receptor locus was performed on serial banked samples, and documented transition from polyclonal to clonal hematopoiesis. Clonal cells could be identified 6 months after transplant (1 year prior to the diagnosis of t-AML/MDS), at a time when there was no morphologic or clinical evidence of disease. Clonality analysis can be predictive of the development of t-AML/MDS after ABMT and may offer important insights into associated risk factors and strategies to minimize the risk of t-AML/MDS.
Am J Hematol 1997 Sep
PMID:Prediction of therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after autologous bone marrow transplant (ABMT) for lymphoma. 929 68

The percentage of long-term survivors after intensive chemotherapy and the outcome of MDS patients who achieve partial remission (PR) with intensive chemotherapy (IC) are not known. Between 1981 and 1996 we treated 99 patients with de novo MDS who had high-risk MDS or progression to AML, with IC. 41 (41%) achieved CR, 16 (16%) achieved partial remission (PR), 26 (26%) had failure, and 16 (16%) died in aplasia. Eight of the patients who achieved CR were autografted, three were allografted and the remaining cases received moderate consolidation chemotherapy. After IC, the 16 PR patients fulfilled the criteria for RA in 15 cases and CMML in one case. Median PR duration was 17 months, and three PR were > 3 years (39, 50+, 82+ months). Median actuarial survival of patients who achieved PR and CR was 18 months and 20 months from the onset of IC, respectively (difference not significant). Of the 71 patients treated before 1993, with sufficient follow-up, 10 (14%) had survived > 4 years (long-term survivors). Four of them were alive in first CR after 49+ to 110+ months and probably cured, two were alive in PR after 50+ and 82+ months and four had died after 49-78 months. Long-term survivors were characterized by a significantly higher incidence of RAEB-T at diagnosis, and with normal or favourable cytogenetic findings. In patients with RAEB-T at diagnosis included before 1993, 8/23 (35%) cases who had no unfavourable karyotype had survived > 4 years. Our findings suggest that MDS patients who achieve PR with IC, and not only those who achieve CR, can benefit from this type of treatment. The percentage of long-term survivors remains low, however, and is almost restricted to patients with RAEB-T at diagnosis and no unfavourable karyotype.
Br J Haematol 1997 Sep
PMID:Long-term follow-up of de novo myelodysplastic syndromes treated with intensive chemotherapy: incidence of long-term survivors and outcome of partial responders. 932 99

We measured pretreatment serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in 25 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome receiving recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) at dosages up to 300 U/kg thrice weekly for 12 weeks. Both TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassays. A complete response (CR) was defined as a rise in untransfused haemoglobin concentrations of at least 2 g/dl or a 100% decrease in RBC transfusion requirements over the treatment period; a partial response (PR) was an increase in untransfused haemoglobin values of 1-2 g/dl or a decrease in RBC transfusion requirements equal to or greater than 50%; no response (NR) was defined as a response less than a PR. After 12 weeks of rhEPO treatment, four patients showed a CR, five patients a PR, and 16 patients NR. Serum levels of both TNF-alpha (80.5 %/- 64.8 vs 8.1 +/- 4.2 ng/l, P < 0.001) and IL-1 beta (60.4 +/- 49.9 vs 8.9 +/- 4.7 ng/l, P < 0.001) were higher in MDS patients than in a group of 28 normal controls. Responders (CR + PR) showed significantly lower serum levels of TNF-alpha than non-responders (21.6 +/- 26.2 vs 106.3 +/- 60.8 ng/l, P < 0.001), whereas IL-1 beta concentrations between those who benefited from therapy and unresponsive cases were not significantly different (39.8 +/- 48.9 vs 73.4 +/- 48.2 ng/l, P = 0.120). It is noteworthy that TNF-alpha levels were within the normal range in all responsive patients but one, whereas all non-responders presented elevated cytokine concentrations. No relationship was found between TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta values and haemoglobin levels, transfusion requirement, serum EPO or ferritin concentrations. We conclude that pre-treatment TNF-alpha levels might help to select those MDS patients who are most likely to benefit from rhEPO treatment.
Clin Lab Haematol 1997 Sep
PMID:Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha predict response to recombinant human erythropoietin in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. 935 45

Specific epidemiologic data on myelodysplastic syndromes are rare. Analysis of data is in fact affected by problems of terminology and classification. The link between the exposure to ionizing radiation or alkylating agents and MDS is well established. Etiologic factors of acute leukemia, or new factors such as non ionizing radiation, solvent, ethylene oxide, glycol eters, tobacco smoke, exhaust gases, agricultural work have been hypothesized but should be confirmed by other studies on MDS.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1997 Sep
PMID:[Etiological factors of myelodysplastic syndromes]. 940 76

The authors review the main cytogenetic abnormalities encountered in MDS particularly del 5q, -7, +8, and complex abnormalities. Their presence may be useful to the diagnosis of MDS in difficult cases. Their prognostic value is important, and cytogenetics have recently been included in prognostic scores in MDS. Knowledge of recurrent chromosomal rearrangements is finally a first step in the discovery of genes implicated in the pathogenesis of MDS.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1997 Sep
PMID:[Cytogenetics of myelodysplastic syndromes]. 940 78

Evidence is accumulating to indicate that alterations in the control of apoptosis can contribute to a variety of disorders. Among the disorders associated with abnormal regulation of apoptosis, MDS stands out unequaled in that apoptosis is related, in apparently opposite directions, to ineffective hematopoiesis and leukemic transformation of MDS; notably, excessive apoptosis in the former and deranged apoptosis or escape from apoptotic control in the latter. In this review, we want to focus on the role of apoptosis in various stages of MDS, and to discuss its possible relevance to further therapeutic interventions.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 1997 Sep
PMID:Apoptosis as a cell biological abnormality in myelodysplasia. 940 82

We report the second case of post-myelodysplasia acute myeloid leukemia (post-MDS AML) with a sole chromosome change del(15q). This anomaly is rarely seen. To our knowledge, only seven cases so far have been reported in human neoplasias, including one case each of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoid leukemia, post myelodysplasia AML, myelodysplastic syndrome, myelofibrosis, macroglobulinemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma and uterine leiomyoma. This case suggests that del(15q) is related to lympho-myeloproliferative disorders. Moreover, we speculate that certain oncogene(s) located on 15q might have some role in the progression of the disease, since the del(15q) anomaly appeared only in the AML phase in this case.
Leuk Res 1998 Sep
PMID:A sole del(15q) anomaly in post-myelodysplasia acute myeloid leukemia. 971 17

Multidimensional functional assessment is the basis of individualized care. It is especially important in the care of elderly, with the complexity of symptomatology and often with cognitive impairment present. An assessment instrument for elderly persons, used in this study, is the Resident Assessment Instrument/Minimum Data Set (RAI/MDS) and its incorporated MDS Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS). The purposes of the study were to demonstrate the cognitive performance in elderly persons in different levels of care by using the CPS and to elicit the views of staff on use of the RAI/MDS. Cognitive impairment was found in 1276 elderly persons in six levels of care studied, an important factor to consider when organizing care of elderly. An intervention study was carried out for 1 year in three nursing home wards, with training and supervision in implementation of the RAI/MDS including individualized and documented care. Part of a questionnaire was used to evaluate staff (n = 50) views on using the instrument. A majority of the staff thought that the RAI/MDS could contribute to the improvement of quality of care, documentation in nursing records, and in co-operation and engagement. Further research is necessary to elicit more knowledge on the usefulness and benefits of the instrument.
J Adv Nurs 1998 Sep
PMID:Staff views on the Resident Assessment Instrument, RAI/MDS, in nursing homes, and the use of the Cognitive Performance Scale, CPS, in different levels of care in Stockholm, Sweden. 975 34

From September 1982 to August 1997, 767 bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplants have been performed at the Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma. Five hundred and two (502) autologous transplants (AutoTX) preceded by high-dose myeloablative therapy were performed for breast cancer (BC, 36%), non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL, 24%), Hodgkin's disease (HD, 10%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML, 8%), testicular cancer (TC, 4%), multiple myeloma (MM, 2%) and other malignancies (16%). Two hundred and sixty-five (265) allogeneic marrow transplants (AlloTX) (related, unrelated) were carried out in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, 30%), AML (23%), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL, 14%), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, 9%), severe aplastic anemia (SAA, 8%), and other diseases (14%). Compared between 1980s to 1990s, 100-day mortality rates have decreased from 28% to 5% for AutoTX and from 40% to 25% for AlloTX. In the AutoTX setting, major changes included the routine use of growth factors post-transplant and the switch from bone marrow to growth factor-mobilized peripheral blood as a source of stem cells over the last five years. In the AlloTX setting, improvements in recognition and control of cytomegalovirus and Candida organisms, the selective use of growth factors and screened blood products, and better selection of unrelated donors using DNA-based techniques of HLA-matching have contributed to reduce early mortality from infection and primary graft failure. The five-year survival outcomes are comparable to those reported in registry data from the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR) and the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP).
J Okla State Med Assoc 1998 Sep
PMID:Marrow and stem cell transplantation in Oklahoma: fifteen years of experience and results. 976 68


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