Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: KEGG:D03301 (PDL)
 658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Understanding the biological basis of tooth movement is crucial to orthodontics. Identifying the components of the signal transduction pathway initiated after force application will permit their manipulation, leading to better results. To examine the effects of mechanical stimulation in the periodontium, human periodontal ligament cells were isolated, cultured and characterized. In contrast to gingival fibroblasts, human PDL-fibroblasts in culture exhibit characteristics typical of osteoblast-like cells. To assess the role of mechanical stimulation the relevant orthodontic forces were simulated in vitro. For this purpose PDL-cells were cultured in Petri dishes with a flexible bottom. This bottom can be stretched over a convex template so that the adherent cells will be also stretched. The results of the stretching experiments demonstrate that human PDL-cells respond to mechanical stretch by a signal transduction pathway which most likely includes specific small GTP-binding proteins, such as Rab and Rho, as well as well defined transcription factors (c-Jun and c-Fos).
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PMID:Biological reactions to orthodontic tooth movement. 930 Aug 35

Tooth movement is the result of periodontal tissue reconstruction. The biomechanical effects produced by orthopedic forces can affect the cytoskeletal rearrangement of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). However, the mechanisms responsible for the cytoskeletal rearrangement are not completely understood. To analyze the effect, we investigated the role of the Rho-mDia1 signaling pathway in cyclic strain-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement of hPDLCs in detail. We cultured hPDLCs on collagen I-coated six-well Bioflex plates and then exposed them to cyclic strain with physiological loading (10%) at a frequency of 0.1Hz for 6 or 24h using a Flexercell Tension Plus system. Notably, the cells cultured on the Bioflex plates showed increased expression levels of RhoA-GTP, profilin-1 protein, and the combination of RhoA and mDia1, whereas the expression levels of Rho-GDIa were reduced compared with a static control group. Furthermore, the cytoskeletal rearrangement of cells was enhanced. However, profilin-1 protein expression and cytoskeletal reorganization under cyclic strain can decrease due to the overexpression of Rho-GDIa or mDia1-siRNA transfection, whereas Rho-GDIa siRNA transfection has the opposite effect on hPDLCs. Together, our results demonstrate that the Rho-mDia1 signaling pathway is involved in the cytoskeletal rearrangement of hPDLCs induced by cyclic strain. These observations may enable a more in-depth understanding of orthodontic tooth movement and the reconstruction of PDL and alveolar bone.
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PMID:The Rho-mDia1 signaling pathway is required for cyclic strain-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement of human periodontal ligament cells. 2620 Oct 82