Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: KEGG:D02003 (NBT)
 1,323 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A method is described for isolating Clara cells from the mouse lung that does not require the technique of elutriation. Mouse lungs totally perfused of blood are instilled with crystalline trypsin (0.25%) and incubated for the optimum time of 15 min. The lung tissue is chopped, mechanically agitated, and sequentially filtered to obtain a primary digest of 3 to 5 x 10(6) cells. Clara cells, identified routinely by histochemical localization of NADPH diaphorase, using the stain nitrotetrazolium blue (NBT), accounts for between 20 to 40% of the cells in the primary digest. Layering the cells of the primary digest on a discontinuous Percoll gradient followed by centrifugation gives rise to a major band of cells, 52% that are Clara cells (0.77 +/- 0.28 x 10(6)/mouse). A second method was devised to purify the Clara cells by simply centrifuging (32g, 6 min, 10 degrees C) the primary digest and discarding the supernatant that contained only a few NBT positive cells. When this process was repeated three times, the final pellet contained 68% Clara cells realizing 0.55 +/- 0.16 x 10(6) cells/mouse. The cells have typical Clara cell morphology as confirmed by electron microscopy and have a high level of P-450 enzymes (7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase and coumarin hydroxylase). Furthermore, the primary digests and the purified isolates contain less than 1% alveolar Type II cells, although such cells, identified by the histochemical localization of alkaline phosphatase, can be obtained by a second, more extensive digestion procedure. The simple procedure described for the isolation of mouse Clara cells could be further advanced if methods could be devised to prevent the loss of NADPH diaphorase activity during enzymatic digestion and cell centrifugation.
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PMID:Isolation of Clara cells from the mouse lung. 220 Jun 69

A new cell line DEL, established in vitro, was isolated from a pleural effusion of a boy who died of malignant histiocytosis. Its principal characteristics are: strong positivity with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to CD25, CD30, CD45R, KiM7, EMA, HLA Cl I and II; constant presence of acid phosphatase, ANAE, alpha-anti-trypsin, alpha-anti-chymotrypsin and NBT reductase activity; rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene (JH) and a germ-line configuration of the T-chain gene; and finally a translocation between chromosomes 5-6 with a breakpoint in 5q35. The DEL cell line is appropriate for studying the role of the 5q localized c-fms oncogene and of the genes of the mononuclear phagocyte growth factor (CSFI) and of their receptors in the dynamics and etiology of malignant hemopathies associated with a 5q35 breakpoint.
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PMID:DEL cell line: a "malignant histiocytosis" CD30+ t(5;6)(q35;p21) cell line. 230 42

Two groups of biological methods are commonly used to evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function: tests which require tubes for the collection of duodenal juice and the tubeless tests which are indirect tests of pancreatic function. In this study we have attempted to improve a new test: the test of haptocorrin degradation (THD). This test measures the transfer of labelled cobalamin from haptocorrin to the intrinsic factor which is provoked by the degradation of the haptocorrin by proteases in the duodenal juice. We present the results of this test in 90 patients with chronic pancreatitis. THD was first assayed with basal duodenal juice collected by naso duodenal tubing during secretin cerulein stimulation. In this study the sensitivity and specificity of THD was 0.86 and 0.93, respectively. In the second part of this study we demonstrated that the means of collecting duodenal juice had no effect on the results of THD. Duodenal juice was collected during a secretin cerulein test or during a routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after pancreatic stimulation with secretin. The sensitivity and specificity of THD was 0.90 and 0.94, respectively, when duodenal juice was collected during endoscopy. THD was significantly correlated with the NBT-PABA test, steatorrhea, and with the activity of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the duodenal juice. In this study, NBT-PABA was less sensitive than THD for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (sensitivity was 0.70 and 0.89, respectively). The specificity of THD was estimated at 0.94. THD seemed to be a valuable adjunct to test pancreatic function. As upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is usually performed in patients with proved or suspected chronic pancreatitis, THD seems to have a place of choice among the other tests of pancreatic exocrine function. Further evaluation of this test by a multicentric prospective trial is now needed.
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PMID:[Evaluation of exocrine pancreatic function by the haptocorrin degradation test of the duodenal fluid collected by endoscopy]. 273 91

Monocytes of 95 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (ch.g.) tested in vitro demonstrated characteristics of activation in proliferative, and of functional suppression in mesangiocapillary glomerulopathy. Fc and C3 receptor function studied by rosette assay and metabolic potential measured by the NBT reduction test constituted result patterns. Receptor tests were supplemented with their counterparts after monocyte triggering with heat-inactivated sera and in case of NBT assay - stimulation with zymosan. Membranous, minimal change, mesangial and focal glomerulonephritis monocytes presented less specific configurations of data than those of proliferative and mesangiocapillary, with a uniform increase of trypsin-resistant Fc receptor activity. There was no appreciable correlation between the presence of circulating immune complexes (c.i.c.) in patient sera and parameters tested. The mesangiocapillary "suppression pattern" suggests mononuclear phagocyte defect in this glomerulopathy.
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PMID:Activity of circulating monocytes in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. 383 78

Sialoglycoprotein (GP) of human erythrocytes was incorporated into liposomes and its effect on the Fc receptor-mediated phagocytic reaction of human PMN cells was examined. Whereas liposomes carrying 2,4-dinitrophenylated lipid were, upon opsonization with rabbit anti-DNP, readily ingested by PMN cells and induced the NBT-reducing reaction, these reactions were markedly suppressed when GP was incorporated into the target liposomes. The inhibitory activity was found in the glycophorin A and B fractions, but the latter was more active than the former on a weight basis. It was estimated that incorporation of only a single molecule of GP per vesicle of 6000 lipid molecules may be sufficient to protect the particle from phagocytosis, but there was an apparent antagonism between the suppressive GP and opsonizing antibody as, with more antibody, more GP became necessary to inhibit phagocytosis. The effect of GP was largely abolished by trypsin treatment of GP-bearing liposomes or by the addition of F(ab')2 of anti-GP.
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PMID:Inhibition of phagocytosis by erythrocyte membrane sialoglycoprotein on target liposomes. 684 Jul 99

The NBT-PABA test, an oral pancreatic function test, was performed in 67 patients with proven chronic pancreatitis (secretin pancreozymin test or intraoperatively) and was pathological in 60 (89.6%). Prolongation of urinary collection period from 6 to 9 hours did not improve the diagnostic value. In comparison with the NBT-PABA test the sensitivity of trypsin and chymotrypsin determination in stool was 40.6% and 62.2%, respectively. In severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency when pathological fecal fat excretion was demonstrable (steathorrhea) the accuracy of fecal enzyme determination was clearly higher (59.1% and 91.8%, respectively). Thus the NBT-PABA test is an alternative diagnostic tool for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency when the secretin-pancreozymin test, and fecal enzyme and fecal fat determination are too complicated. However, as intact absorption of NBT-PABA is possible, the test only provides a qualitative and limited quantitative evaluation of pancreatic function.
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PMID:[The NBT-PABA test in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (author's transl)]. 696 54

The comparative sensitivity of 4 tubeless pancreatic function tests was evaluated in 125 patients with proved chronic pancreatitis associated with various degrees of pancreatic insufficiency. NBT-PABA, immunoreactive trypsin (IRT), and pancreatic isoamylase (P-iso) were studied in relation to the fecal chymotrypsin test (FCT) and steatorrhea. In advanced insufficiency (steatorrhea or FCT less than 20 micrograms/g) PABA, IRT, and P-iso were pathologically low in only 70-85% of patients. In less severe pancreatic insufficiency (FCT 21-120 micrograms/g) these tests yielded pathological results in 35-53% of patients. Thus the sensitivity of the three tests was comparable and rather low. IRT values (and P-iso) were constantly low or progressively decreasing in 64% of patients (30/47) studied repeatedly over an average of 17 months. The serum enzyme tests seem, therefore, to be valuable for monitoring pancreatic insufficiency, like the FCT. This is particularly important for the differential diagnosis of acute (reversible) and chronic (progressive) pancreatitis.
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PMID:Comparative diagnostic accuracy of four tubeless pancreatic function tests in chronic pancreatitis. 698 71

The chapter focuses on the detection of specific mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH) in synovial tissue specimens. This technique is widely applied, reliable, specific, and sensitive, because even small quantities of mRNA can be detected. Presented here contemporary protocols for ISH using a combined nonradioactive immunohistochemical detection system. In overview, the following steps have to be covered to perform ISH. (1) mRNA probes (sense and antisense) are generated by in vitro transcription of cDNA utilizing digoxigenin-labeled UTP nucleotides, (2) fixed tissue sections are digested with trypsin and treated consecutively with prehybridization solutions, (3) hybridization with labeled riboprobes takes place at 50 degrees C overnight in a humid chamber, (4) unbound riboprobe is removed by incubation with RNase A and additional washing with buffers, (5) stringent washing steps are performed with solutions of different sodium dodecyl sulfate, SSC, and formamide concentrations, (6) digoxigenin-labeled probes are detected immunohistochemically using antidigoxigenin antibodies linked with alkaline phosphatase and NBT/BCIP as detection system.
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PMID:In situ hybridization of synovial tissue. 1795 52