Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: KEGG:D02003 (NBT)
 1,323 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fibronectin, a high-molecular glycoprotein, one of acute-phase proteins, contributes to cellular proliferation and macrophagal activity regulation, and its blood plasma levels are an indicator of the reticuloendothelial system functional activity. Blood plasma fibronectin levels were measured in psoriasis patients before and after hemoperfusion. These levels were found significantly increased in the course of hemoperfusion treatment, this being associated with disappearance of psoriatic elements. A correlation between blood plasma fibronectin level and NBT test parameters, on the one hand, and severity of psoriasis course and efficacy of therapy, on the other, has been revealed.
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PMID:[The content of fibronectin in the blood of patients with psoriasis]. 171 Jul 13

Three human T-cell clones with activated killer activity (5B5, 5C1, and 7B5) which could lyse various tumor cell lines were established. The cytotoxic activity of these clones was decreased by incubation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, suggesting that they recognized tumor cells by T-cell antigen receptor. A monoclonal antibody which blocked the cytotoxic activity of clone 5B5 was obtained. This antibody (N1977) blocked the binding and cytotoxic activity of clone 5B5 at the target cell level, suggesting that the antigen defined by N1977 antibody, designated as ATM-1, was a target molecule recognized by 5B5 cells. ATM-1 in the conditioned medium of a cancer cell line (NBT-2) and serum from a patient with lung cancer was characterized by following its immunoreactivity. On gel filtration, both the conditioned medium and the serum gave three peaks of ATM-1 immunoreactivity, corresponding to approximate molecular weights of 1,200,000, 700,000, and 120,000, respectively. They were chromatofocused at pH 4.0, 4.8, and 6.5, respectively. The high molecular weight forms were shown to be molecules with the disulfide-linked elementary glycoprotein with ATM-1 immunoreactivity and approximate molecular weight of 120,000. Most of the molecules with ATM-1 immunoreactivity bound to both concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin, and their binding activity to the antibodies was lost by treatment at 60 degrees C for 30 min. An assay of ATM-1 level in sera was performed by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The following positive percentages were obtained from preliminary clinical studies: breast cancer, 67% (8 of 12 cases); hepatocellular carcinoma, 83% (10 of 12 cases); gastric cancer, 58% (7 of 12 cases); lung cancer, 41% (5 of 12 cases); hematological malignancies, 0% (0 of 9 cases); systemic lupus erythematosus, 0% (0 of 8 cases); rheumatoid arthritis, 0% (0 of 8 cases).
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PMID:Identification of a tumor-associated target antigen, ATM-1, for a human T-cell clone with activated killer activity and its existence in sera of cancer patients. 304 79

Two siblings with delayed separation of the umbilical cord, recurrent skin ulceration and dental sepsis were shown to have defective neutrophil phagocytosis of opsonized yeast (S. cerevisiae) and respiratory burst to opsonized and unopsonized zymosan. Increased activity in the NBT reduction test, normal ingestion and killing of S. aureus, and normal spontaneous and directional motility were also demonstrated. These abnormalities of neutrophil phagocytosis were confined to the affected siblings; their healthy parents and brother showed normal neutrophil function. Both children had a polymorph neutrophil leucocytosis, and had normal humoral and cell-mediated immunity. SDS electrophoresis of neutrophil cell membrane preparations showed absence of a glycoprotein band of 175,000 daltons, which was present in the parents' neutrophils in reduced amounts. OKMI monoclonal antibody, which recognized the C3bi receptor (CR3) failed to bind to the affected siblings neutrophils. The findings in these children emphasize the importance of this receptor in phagocytosis, and possibly other neutrophil functions.
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PMID:Familial defect of polymorph neutrophil phagocytosis associated with absence of a surface glycoprotein antigen (OKMI). 659 65

A new method is described which is suitable for reliably analysing apoptotic fragmentation in small amounts of DNA. After isolation, DNA was labelled with biotin-4-dUTP using Klenow polymerase. Then DNA was size-separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, blot transferred and subsequently visualized by the streptavidin alkaline phosphatase-BCIP/NBT procedure. This non-radioactive method was used to detect apoptotic DNA in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, treated with tributyltin (1 nM). While only 30 ng of DNA is required for analysis of apoptotic DNA using the new blot technique, 100-fold more material is needed to identify the fragmentation of DNA after separation by agarose gel electrophoresis and direct staining with ethidium bromide. In a further set of experiments, rat cortical cells were incubated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral glycoprotein of M(r) of 120 kDa (gp120) to induce apoptosis. More than 0.3 ng of gp 120/ml are required to detect apoptotic DNA by the direct procedure; only 0.1 ng gp120/ml or less were sufficient to document clear DNA fragmentation using the non-radioactive blotting technique described here. These results demonstrate that the new procedure can be used to analyse very small amounts of apoptotic DNA and shows that gp120-induced apoptosis can be measured at low concentrations of the viral protein.
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PMID:A non-radioactive, sensitive method for the detection of DNA fragmentation in apoptotic cells (rat pheochromocytoma PC12 and rat cortical cells). 752 53

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a 17-kDa protein produced by monocytes and a wide variety of other cell types in response to endotoxin and other cytokines. In contrast, lymphotoxin (LT) is a 25-kDa glycoprotein produced only by lymphocytes activated by mitogens. These two cytokines are 28% identical in their amino acid sequences. As they have common cell surface receptors, it is generally assumed that all cellular responses mediated through TNF are also mediated by LT and vice versa. In this report we tested this assumption, comparing the effect of TNF and LT on mediation of early (activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B) and late (reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium, NBT) cellular responses in the human myelomonoblastic leukemic cell line ML-1a. Both qualitative and quantitative differences were found. LT was found to display 5-10 times more potent antiproliferative effects against murine fibroblasts than TNF. However, in ML-1a cells at concentrations wherein TNF activated NF-kappa B, LT did not. Higher concentrations (1,000-10,000 fold) of LT could activate NF-kappa B, but the activated complex was short lived (less than 1 h versus greater than 6 h when activated by TNF) and required longer treatment (15 min versus less than 5 min). TNF induced NBT-reducing activity in a dose-dependent manner, whereas LT was essentially inactive. Since both TNF and LT have been shown to bind to a common receptor, we tested whether the TNF-induced effects could be blocked by LT. LT inhibited both the early and late TNF-mediated cellular responses. By using receptor-blocking antibodies we found that both p60 and p80 forms of TNF receptors were functional for NBT-reducing activity, but TNF-dependent NF-kappa B activation required only the p60 receptor. Furthermore, we found that both TNF and LT bound with higher affinity to the p80 than to the p60 receptor. Thus, our overall results indicate that there are qualitative and quantitative differences in the action of TNF and LT, and these could be noted quite early in their signaling.
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PMID:Tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin. Qualitative and quantitative differences in the mediation of early and late cellular response. 818 64

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), cell proliferation and differentiation are uncoupled, causing a maturation block. Induction of terminal differentiation is a potential therapeutic strategy. 1alpha, 25(OH)2 Vitamin D3 regulates differentiation and is immunomodulatory at concentrations causing severe hypercalcemia, thus limiting its use. We investigated 1alpha, 25(OH)2 Vitamin D3 and 5 of its more potent analogs with reduced calcium resorbing activity for differentiation of blast cells from AML (FAB M1) patients, compared to TPA. Blast phenotype, p-glycoprotein expression, cytokine production, and lineage specificity were examined. The Vitamin D3 analogs had no effect on cell viability and proliferation. They induced incomplete differentiation, with increase in AP, NSE and NBT positivity of cells, but no cell sticking and spreading as observed with TPA. The analogs were more effective than the parent compound. They also inhibited the production of IL-6 and IL-8. Vitamin D3 and its analogs can induce differentiation of primary cells from AML patients in vitro, but may need to be combined with other agents for terminal differentiation of blasts and effective therapy in vivo.
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PMID:Effect of 1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D3 analogs on differentiation induction and cytokine modulation in blasts from acute myeloid leukemia patients. 1537 Feb 59

Neutrophils participate in host protection and central to this process is the regulation of oxidative mechanisms. We purified by affinity chromatography the receptor for the GlcNAc-specific WGA from CD14+ CD16+ cell lysates (WGAr). The receptor is a 141 kDa glycoprotein constituted by two subunits of 78 and 63 kDa. It is mainly composed of Ser, Asx, and Gly, and, in a minor proportion, His, Cys, and Pro. Its glycan portion contains GlcNAc, Gal, and Man; NeuAc and GalNAc were identified in a minor proportion. The amino acid sequence of the WGA receptor was predicted from tryptic peptides by MALDI-TOF, both subunits showed homology with cytokeratin type II (26 and 29% for the 78 and 63 kDa subunits, respectively); the 78 kDa subunit showed also homology with the human transferrin receptor (24%). Antibodies against WGAr induce higher oxidative burst than WGA, determined by NBT reduction; however, this effect was inhibited (p < 0.05) with GlcNAc suggesting that WGAr participates as mediator in signal transduction in neutrophils.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of the potential receptor for wheat germ agglutinin from human neutrophils. 1700 50