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Query: KEGG:D01931 (TiO2)
 11,320 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of various anions on the photocatalytic activity of nano-sized TiO2 was investigated in a methyl orange solution. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanoparticles was significantly affected in the presence of SO4(2-), CO3(2-), NO3(-) and Cl(-). Among the tested ions, Cl(-) was most effective anion in changing the photocatalytic activity. Addition of Cl(-) (0.05 M) decreased the methyl orange photodegradation rate to only one quarter of that when TiO2 was used alone. It was also demonstrated that the effects of these inions, on the rate of photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles, were concentration dependent. There was a negative correlation between the concentrations of NO3(-) and Cl(-) and the methyl orange degradation rate by TiO2. However, at low concentrations, CO3(2-) and SO4(2-) enhanced the photocatalytic activity; while at the higher concentrations, these two anions inhibited the photocatalytic activity of TiO2.
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PMID:Investigation of photocatalytic activity of nano-sized TiO2 with the presence of various inorganic anions. 1950 95

In this study, hierarchical bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) nanoplate microspheres were used to remove NO in indoor air under visible light irradiation. The BiOBr microspheres were synthesized with a nonaqueous sol-gel method by using bismuth nitrate and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as the precursors. On degradation of NO under visible light irradiation (lambda > 420 nm) at 400 part-per-billion level, which is typical concentration for indoor air quality, these nonaqueous sol-gel synthesized hierarchical BiOBr microspheres exhibited superior photocatalytic activity to the chemical precipitation synthesized counterpart BiOBr bulk powder and Degussa TiO2 P25 as well as C doped TiO2. The excellent catalytic activity and the long-term activity of nonaqueous sol-gel synthesized BiOBr microspheres were attributed to their special hierarchical structure, which was favorable for the diffusion of intermediates and final products of NO oxidation. Ion chromatograph results confirmed that nitric acid was produced on the surface of BiOBr microspheres during the photooxidation of NO in gas phase. This work suggests that the nonaqueous sol-gel synthesized BiOBr nanoplate microspheres are promising photocatalytic materials for indoor air purification.
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PMID:Efficient photocatalytic removal of NO in indoor air with hierarchical bismuth oxybromide nanoplate microspheres under visible light. 1956 43

Photoelectrochemical conversion of nitrate anions into dinitrogen was successfully achieved by using a photoelectrochemical cell composed of a nanoporous TiO2 film photoanode and an O2 reducing cathode in the presence of NH3, which can be regarded as a model of denitrification and is of importance for environmental cleaning.
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PMID:Photoelectrochemical conversion of NO3(-) to N2 by using a photoelectrochemical cell composed of a nanoporous TiO2 film photoanode and an O2 reducing cathode. 1958 23

Using tetrabutyl titanate as the titanium source, and ammonia and ferric nitrate as the sources of nitrogen and ferrum respectively, iron and nitrogen-codoped nano-TiO2 gelatins were prepared by sol-gel method. The iron and nitrogen-codoped nano-TiO2 complex films were prepared with the obtained gelatins used to coat the surface of cleaned glass slides by several times of dipping-lifting procedure, followed by natural seasoning at room temperature and calcined at 450 degrees C for 3 hours, then the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum (UV-Vis). The XRD spectra o f samples showed that the Fe-TiO(2-x)Nx, filmswere of anatase structure with a few of oxygen atoms in the lattice of anatase TiO2 substituted by nitrogen atoms, resulting in the distortion of crystal lattice. The SEM image showed that the nanoparticles of the films have a good dispersion characteristic and uniform orbicular shape with an average diameter of about 19 nm. The absorption edges of UV-Vis spectra exhibited a red shift up to 740 nm when the TiO2 films were codoped with iron and nitrogen. The XPS of the Fe-TiO(2-x)Nx film presented a lowering of Ti 2p(3/2) electron binding energy because of the codoping of iron and nitrogen, which then resulted in the widening of the absorption of visible light range. The photocatalytic properties were studied by photocatalytical degradation of sudan I as a model reaction in a self-assembled light-reactor. When the atomic ratio of Fe3+/Ti4+ reached 0.4%, the Fe-TiO(2-x)Nx film showed the highest catalytic performance in degradation of sudan I which was decomposed by up to 97% after 4 hours of photocatalytic reaction. Codoping of nitrogen and appropriate amount of iron in TiO2 enhances photoresponse and utilizing efficiency in visible light region, and then improves the performances of Fe-TiO(2-x)Nx photocatalyst. The complex film catalyst prepared by this method will have potential application in areas of wastewater disposal.
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PMID:[Preparation, spectral analysis and photocatalytic activities of TiO2 films codoped with iron and nitrogen]. 1965 Apr 98

During ultraviolet light (UV) disinfection, nitrate (NO3-) present in raw water may transform to nitrite (NO2-) that can cause serious human diseases. In this study, the formation of NO2- from NO3- was studied at different experimental conditions under the irradiation of a low-pressure ultraviolet (LPUV) lamp at 253.9 nm. The investigated experimental variables included initial NO3- concentration, solution pH (6.2-9.5), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dose (0-25 mg L(-1)). Moreover, the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) was determined. Results showed that the formation of NO2- was enhanced at a high initial NO3- concentration and a high pH, but was inhibited, to some different degrees, by introduction of H2O2 or photocatalyst TiO2. The effect of pH on NO2- formation was probably due to the impact of hydrogen ion on the stability of several intermediates such as peroxynitrite (ONOO-), N2O3, and N2O4. And the inhibiting effects of H2O2 and TiO2 were attributable to production of additional hydroxyl radical (OH) that scavenged NO2-. At pH 9.5 and an initial NO3- concentration of 10 mg L(-1) NO3--N, the concentration of NO2- produced was above 0.1 mg L(-1) NO2--N, the Germany drinking water standard. When 25 mg L(-1) H2O2 was added, the NO2- level was decreased below the standard.
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PMID:Nitrite formation during low pressure ultraviolet lamp irradiation of nitrate. 1975 41

TiO2 (band gap = 3.0 eV) and SrTiO3 (band gap = 3.2 eV) codoped with nickel and either tantalum or niobium ions showed photocatalytic activities for O2 evolution from an aqueous silver nitrate solution and H2 evolution from an aqueous methanol solution under visible light irradiation (lambda > 420 nm). The visible-light responses were due to the charge-transfer transition from the electron donor levels formed by the 3d orbitals of doped Ni2+ to the conduction bands of the host materials. Codoping of a tantalum or niobium ion made the absorption intensity in the visible light region strong for TiO2 doped with nickel ions, resulting in the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity for O2 evolution under visible light irradiation. SrTiO3 codoped with nickel and tantalum showed higher activity for H2 evolution than SrTiO3 doped with only nickel. This is due to the fact that codoped Ta5+ ions played a role in charge compensation, resulting in the suppression of the formation of Ni3+ ions, which are expected to trap photogenerated electrons.
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PMID:Nickel and either tantalum or niobium-codoped TiO2 and SrTiO3 photocatalysts with visible-light response for H2 or O2 evolution from aqueous solutions. 1979 20

We fabricated Volmer-Weber type ZnO nanorods by using a hydrothermal method combing with an RF sputtering system. Volmer-Weber type ZnO seed nanocrystals were formed on Pt(111)/TiO2/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by using RF sputtering method and then the seeded substrates were soaked in an aqueous chemical solution, which was mixed with Zn(NO3)2 x 6H2O and NaOH. We found that ZnO nanorods were perpendicularly grown along the [002] direction by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. We also confirmed that fabricated ZnO nanorods were Volmer-Weber type by using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) method.
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PMID:Fabrication of Volmer-Weber type ZnO nanorods by combining RF sputtering and hydrothermal methods. 1990 13

The 1% Eu3+ doped Eu3+ /TiO2 nano-powders were prepared via sol-gel method by using Eu(NO3)3 and Eu2 (CA)3 (phen)2 (CA: camphoric acid; phen: 1, 10-phenanthroline) as precursors respectively, and the samples were characterized by thermal analyses (TG-DTA), X-ray powder diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra for their microstructure, morphology and spectroscopy properties. The results of TG-DTA and XRD indicate that the increasing trend of particle size and the conversion temperature of crystalline phase of the as prepared samples was restrained when using organic complexes Eu2(CA)3 (phen)2 as the do pant. The particle size was decreased from 9 to 7 nm, and the name powders were still anatase TiO2 when the calcination temperature was increased up to 500 degrees C. The absorption peak at about 370 nm in UV-Vis spectra was red-shifted when doping with organic complexes Eu2 (CA)3 (phen)2, namely the doped TiO2 nano powders have the ability of visible light responding. The characteristic absorption peaks of organic complex did not appear in FTIR spectrum, indicating that the Eu3+ has little impact on the formation process of TiO2 crystal when using Eu2(CA)3 (phen)2 as precursor. The result of fluorescence spectrum indicates that the characteristic transition of Eu3+ at 578 nm (corresponding to (5)D0---(7)F0), 590 nm((5)D0-(7)F1) and 612 nm ((5)D0-(7)F2) appeared in both samples, in which the peak at 612 nm was the characteristic red transmutation peak. When doping Eu3+ with the same content, the nano-powders using Eu2 (CA)3 (phen)2 as precursor obtain higher luminescence intensity. Therefore, by using a simple approach, the authors prepared the light-emitting rare earth inorganic nano-powders with better luminescence property and high stability, and such inorganic nano-powders might have potential applications in many fields.
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PMID:[Preparation and spectroscopy properties of Eu2 (CA)3 (phen)2 doped Eu3+/TiO2 nano-powders]. 2093 36

We have prepared a series of TiO2 nanoparticles for antibacterial applications. These TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the hydrolysis precipitation method with Ti(OBu)4, silver nitrate and ammonia. Crystal structure, particle size, interfacial structure and UV-visible light response of the prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRs). The XRD spectra showed that all samples were anatase structure calcined at 450 degrees C for 3 hours. The Ag doping made the peak of diffraction wider. The results of TEM showed that the nanoparticles of TiO2, N-TiO2 and 1% Ag-N-TiO2 were all spherical in shape and well distributed with a mean size of 19.8 nm, 39.2 nm and 20.7 nm, respectively. N doping caused the nanoparticle size to increase, while, when the doped amount of Ag+ increased, the TiO2 particle size decreased. The FTIR revealed that Ag and N doping of TiO2 appeared to have strong absorption by -OH group and showed the characteristic absorption band of NH4+ and Ag. The UV-Vis-DRs indicated that the absorption band of Ag-N co-doped TiO2 had red shift and that the optical absorption response (between 400 nm and 700 nm) had obvious enhancement. The antibacterial properties of nanoparticles were investigated by agar diffusion method toward Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The results indicated that both Ag- and N-doped TiO2 could increase the antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanoparticles under fluorescent light irradiation. A 1% Ag-N-TiO2 had the highest antibacterial activity with a clear antibacterial circle of 33.0 mm toward Escherichia coli and 22.8 mm toward Bacillus subtilis after cultivation for 24 hours.
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PMID:TiO2 nanoparticles co-doped with silver and nitrogen for antibacterial application. 2112 21

The Eu(3+) doped TiO2-SiO2 photocatalysts, as a reclaimed visible-light responsive photocatalyst, were prepared by sol-gel method with TEOS, TBT and europium nitrate as precursors, by keeping the molar of TEOS:TBT constant at 1:1 and with different europium doping content. The resulting photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, UV-VIS DRS, FTIR and BET method. Analytical results demonstrated that only anatase phase is present in photocatalysts with high surface areas. The mean size is around 10 nm form TEM, which is consistent with the analytical result according to SEM. It can be seen methyl groups exist in photocatalysts based on analysis of FTIR and EDX. It was found that the resulting Eu(3+) doped photocatalysts exhibit higher photocatalytic activity than undoped photocatalysts and P25 on the degradation of rhodamine B(RhB, 10 mg/l) in water under visible light irradiation (lambda > 410). After irradiation for 3 h, the maximum absorption decreases gradually with irradiation time and absorption band shifts from 554 to 507 nm.
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PMID:Low temperature preparation and visible light induced photocatalytic activity of europium doped hydrophobic anatase TiO2-SiO2 photocatalysts. 2113 5


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