Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: KEGG:D01797 (Iopamidol)
 250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ventricular fibrillation during coronary angiography with Renografin-76 has been attributed to the high osmolar ionic and calcium binding additive properties. Isovue-370 is a new low osmolar nonionic contrast medium lacking calcium binding additives. The present investigation compared the incidence of contrast media-induced ventricular fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary angiography with Renografin-76 to that with Isovue-370. Group I consisted of 2,000 consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography with Renografin-76, and group II consisted of 2,000 subsequent consecutive patients in whom Isovue-370 was employed as the contrast medium. There was no significant difference between groups I and II with respect to volume of contrast media used per patient (125 +/- 35 vs. 140 +/- 45 ml), age (63.5 +/- 15 vs. 60 +/- 17 years), sex (74% male vs. 76% male), ejection fraction (55% vs. 55%), valvular heart disease (8% vs. 9%), prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (5.8% vs. 5%), or extent of coronary artery disease. Contrast media-induced ventricular fibrillation occurred in 20 patients in group I (incidence 1%), whereas eight episodes occurred in group II (incidence 0.4%) (P less than 0.03). Thus the present investigation suggests that the incidence of ventricular fibrillation during coronary angiography can be significantly decreased by using low osmolar nonionic contrast media lacking calcium binding additives.
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PMID:Ventricular fibrillation during coronary angiography: reduced incidence with nonionic contrast media. 220 58

The electrophysiological tolerability of ioxaglate (160 mgI/ml) and iohexol (140 mgI/ml) was assessed in rabbits (n = 12 per group). There was a significant induction of ventricular fibrillation in the group given iohexol. An explanation for this phenomenon could be the lack of sodium in this preparation. Ioxaglate, iopamidol and iohexol (all at 320 mgI/ml) were also compared during coronary angiography in the dog (n = 10) after bolus administration, using the carotid approach (5 and 8 ml-0.5 ml/sec). Each dog received all the compounds in the left coronary artery and selectively in the left anterior descending artery, at random. Four dogs had lethal ventricular fibrillations after iohexol. Iopamidol and iohexol induced significant bradycardia in comparison with saline. A biphasic effect on myocardial contractility was observed with all contrast media: a short-lasting, typical decrease in dP/dt was seen with ioxaglate by the end of injection, while iohexol and iopamidol caused a similar negative inotropic effect in some cases (25%) after increasing dP/dt. The positive inotropic effect was greater with iopamidol and iohexol than with ioxaglate (p less than 0.05). The possible clinical consequences of the lack of sodium in contrast media preparations and of the changes in myocardial function are discussed in the light of the present results.
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PMID:Hemodynamic and electrophysiologic effects of low osmolar contrast agents during coronary angiography in the dog and the rabbit. 274 26

Twenty-six patients with Kawasaki disease were observed in a prospective crossover study to compare coronary arteriography with a nonionic low-osmolar contrast medium, iopamidol 370 mgI/mL, and with an ionic low-osmolar contrast medium, ioxaglate 320 mgI/mL. A slight heart rate change and no severe arrhythmia during coronary arteriography were observed with both agents. Electrocardiographically, QTc elongation and ST-T changes were marked in ioxaglate and minimal in iopamidol. No ventricular fibrillation occurred with either agent. Both contrast media provided adequate visualization for the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, but the contrast of the images and the visualization of details were better with iopamidol than with ioxaglate. Iopamidol seems to be superior to ioxaglate in pediatric coronary arteriography.
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PMID:Comparison of ionic and nonionic low-osmolar contrast media in coronary arteriography. A crossover study in children. 320 92