Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: KEGG:D00446 (Sucralfate)
 278 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The proton pump inhibitors omeprazole and lansoprazole and the histamine H2 receptor antagonists ranitidine and nizatidine were investigated for their effects on gastric transmucosal potential difference (PD) in the rat, in comparison with the gastroprotective compound sucralfate. Omeprazole (1-3 mg kg-1, i.v.) and lansoprazole (1-3 mg kg-1, i.v.) did not modify basal PD, but significantly reduced (by approx. 50-60%) the drop in PD caused by intragastric administration of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 60 mg kg-1). Ranitidine (3-100 mg kg-1, i.v.) and nizatidine (10-30 mg kg-1, i.v.) behaved similarly to proton pump inhibitors, being ineffective on basal PD, while significantly reducing the effect of ASA. The antisecretory compounds did not change basal pH values. Sucralfate (0.5-1.5 g kg-1 intragastrically) caused a slight increase (approx. 20%) of basal PD and a dose-dependent reduction of ASA-induced fall in PD, with a maximum effect (65% reduction) comparable to that caused by the antisecretory agents. These results showed that ASA-induced disruption of the mucosal barrier can be reduced to the same extent by various antiulcer drugs, irrespective of their effects on gastric acid secretion.
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PMID:Effects of different antisecretory drugs on gastric potential difference in the rat: comparison with sucralfate. 999 Jun 56

The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic outcomes of drug options for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill and/or intensive care unit patients. Decision analytic modelling was used to compare the costs of stress ulcer prophylaxis and possible clinical outcomes [acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGB) and nosocomial pneumonia]. The regimens evaluated were: antacids, histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), sucralfate and no prophylaxis. The results of published studies were pooled to determine the expected probability of AUGB and nosocomial pneumonia following stress ulcer prophylaxis with each of the agents under study. The costs of stress ulcer prophylaxis, treatment of AUGB and treatment of nosocomial pneumonia were identified from various sources. Sucralfate was the least costly agent for stress ulcer prophylaxis. The average net costs per patient for sucralfate, antacids, no prophylaxis and H2RAs were $US1457, $US1737, $US2268, and $US2638 to $US2712, respectively (1994 dollars). No prophylaxis was found to be less costly than giving H2RAs. Sucralfate and antacids, which induced net savings of $US7373 and $US4321 per case of AUGB averted, respectively, were more cost effective than H2RAs. Sensitivity and threshold analyses revealed that the results were constant over a wide range of cost and probability values. Break-even analysis suggested that sucralfate was the optimal agent for stress ulcer prophylaxis unless the acquisition cost of a prophylactic course of sucralfate was > $US304.05 per patient. At that point, antacids become the optimal agent. Based on this analysis, sucralfate may be the most cost-effective agent for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill or intensive care patients.
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PMID:Pharmacoeconomic analysis of stress ulcer prophylaxis for critically ill patients. 1016 Feb 57