Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: HUMANGGP:021525 (albumin)
 60,984 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1) Variations in the serum concentrations of total proteins and the electrophoretic fractions, glycoprotein, mucoprotein, fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline, and acid phosphatases were analyzed until the 30th day following uncomplicated fracture of shafts of long bones of the limbs in 25 cases. 2) A significant fall of albumin with concomitant rise of alpha 1, alpha 2, and beta globulins were noted until 30th day. 3) Mucoprotein, glycoprotein, and fibrinogen showed parallel elevations with that of alpha and beta globulins. 4) The peak values of alpha 1 and alpha 2 globulins, mucoprotein, and fibrinogen were registered on the 10th day after trauma. Albumin showed maximum fall on the 10th day in all these cases. 5) Glycoprotein showed a peak value on the 5th day. 6) Total protein and gamma globulin remained almost unchanged throughout the studies. 7) Beta globulin showed higher values and paralleled more closely the fibrinogen and erythrocyte sedementation rates. 8) The elevations of beta globulin, fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were higher, and persisted beyond 30 days in lower-limb fractures as compared to upper-limb fractures. 9) Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase were not significantly different following fractures and therefore did not reflect much physiologic variation. 10) The most significant changes in the levels of plasma fractions studied were conspicuous on the 10th day and lasted for about 1 month.
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PMID:Variations of some plasma components after closed fractures. 5 53

The paper gives data on the influence of different sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus on the accumulation of biomass and synthesis of neutral protease by Bacillus subtilis str. 103. The highest proteolytic activity was obtained on the medium containing maltose or hydrolyzed starch as a carbon source, monopotassium phosphate as a phosphorus source, and ammonium sulphate as a nitrogen source. The enzyme activity increased upon an addition of albumin, peptone or casein. A study of the amino acid effect showed that methionine, isoleucine and valine stimulated the protease synthesis to the greatest extent.
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PMID:[Effect of sources of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus on the synthesis of proteases from Bacillus subtilis cultures]. 9 25

The autolytic enzyme (endo-beta-1,4-N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase) of Streptococcus faecium (S. faecalis ATCC 9790) was released in a soluble form from insoluble cell wall-autolytic enzyme complexes by treatment with dilute NaOH at 0 degree C. Treatment of cell wall-enzyme complexes, obtained from either exponential- or stationary-phase cells, with 0.008 to 0.01 N NaOH gave maximum yields of autolytic enzyme activity. At a fixed concentration of NaOH, the yield of autolysin increased with increasing wall densities and was accompanied by the release of methylpentose and phosphorus in amounts proportional to the autolysin. Since extraction of wall-enzyme complexes with 4.5 M LiCl at 0 degree C also removed methylpentose and phosphorus, release of enzyme with NaOH did not appear to result from hydrolysis of covalent linkages. The autolytic enzyme activity released from intact cells, or cell walls, was predominantly in the later (proteinase activable) form which could be activated by trypsin or a proteinase present in commerical bovine plasma albumin.
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PMID:Release of autolytic enzyme from Streptococcus, faecium cell walls by treatment with dilute alkali. 11 Jul 65

Testicular lipids were extracted from 20 rats which had received 40 mg sulpiride per kg per day for 20 days as well as from 20 controls. The extracts were weighed and chromatographed on thin layer in order to analyse them for the main fatty constituants : phospholipids and neutral fats. In addition total cholesterol, triglycerides and lipid phosphorus were determined. The total testicular lipid content and the phospholipids were unaltered. The distribution of phospholipids wasn't influenced either. Among the neutral fats the precursors of steroid hormones such as cholesterol and its esters didn't show any modification. The triglycerides on the other hand suffered a significant decrease which was partly compensated in situ by the increase of free fatty acids. Since plasma electrophoresis didn't reveal a parallel increase of the complex albumin--free fatty acids, the hypothesis of an in situ lipolysis is proposed. But it is not possible yet to attribute to sulpiride the role of a direct activation on a testicular triglyceride lipase nor that of an indirect activator by way of prolactine for example.
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PMID:[Various aspects of lipid metabolism in the rat testicle after sulpiride treatment]. 15 13

The work reviewed here illustrates how a therapeutic procedure, exchange transfusion of newborn infants, may be used to gather information which is both of practical value to infants treated in this way and also of value in the study of human neonatal physiology. The scientific deductions that can be drawn are weakened by the uncontrolled nature of the subjects available for study but this problem can be mitigated by changing one variable at a time between two groups of clinically similar infants undergoing transfusion and paying attention only to large changes in whatever is measured. In this way it has been possible to show that the glucose of ACD blood stimulates insulin and GH secretion and that the stimulation of insulin secretion is less, and that of GH more, if the transfusion is performed via the umbilical artery rather than via the vein. Arterial transfusions may be more stressful than venous ones since they are associated with greater growth hormone, ACTH and glucocorticoid release. Citrate, the other additive in ACD blood, causes a fall in ionised plasma calcium levels resulting in a stimulation of PTH secretion and mobilisation of calcium and phosphorus. Transfusion with heparinised blood is therefore preferred by some because normoglycaemia is preserved during and for three hours after transfusion, whereas post-transfusion hypoglycaemia may occur after ACD transfusion. However, heparin transfusion causes a marked rise in plasma FFA levels which may interfere with the binding of bilirubin by albumin. In either type of transfusion the side-effects may be minimised by feeding the baby afterwards, as soon as practicable. Thyroid hormones are washed out of the infant during transfusion but normal thyroid balance is restored quickly afterwards. The temperature of the donor blood does have thermal effects on the baby but these are less than might be expected due to the rapid equilibration of donor blood temperature with that of the room. The metabolic consequences of transfusion with cold blood are less than might be anticipated due in part to the glucose infusion that is part of an ACD transfusion.
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PMID:Neonatal metabolism and endocrinology studied by exchange transfusion. 17 41

The current state of knowledge in regard to nutritional requirements for pregnant and lactating women and for women who are taking oral contraceptives is reviewed. During pregnancy caloric intake should be moderately increased, and the consumption of 30-60 mg of iron and 800-1200 mg of calcium is recommended. Phosphorus intake should also be increased, but this increase should be balanced by a corresponding increase in calcium intake. Consumption of vitamins A and D should be increased but excessive increases should be avoided. Vitamin E should be slightly increased. The desirability of increasing vitamin K is till a matter of dispute. Pregnant women have a slightly increased need for most water soluble vitamins. Research has adequately demonstrated the need to increase folic acid and B6 consumption. There is some evidence that iodine, chromium, and zinc deficiencies may be teratogenic. Some care should be taken not to overconsume sodium, but the need for stringest restriction is unwarranted. Heavy consumption of alcohol and caffeine should definitely be discouraged during pregnancy. Certain problems experienced by pregnant women, such as nausea, may be managed through nutritional modification. The increased nutritional needs for lactating women can, in most cases, be met by increasing milk consumption by 3-3 1/2 cup/day and by consuming a well balanced diet. The content of maternal milk may to some extent be altered by the consumption patterns of the mothers. Ingestion of certain drugs and chemicals may also alter maternal milk. The use of oral contraceptives apparently affects metabolism, but the consequences of these effects are largely unknown. Oral contraceptive usage generally increases the serum levels of triglycerides, iron, copper, and vitamin A and reduces levels of some B vitamins of vitamin C and of zinc and albumin. These effects vary from woman to woman and at the present time there is no agreement on the need for dietary supplementation. The effects of a variety of drugs on lactating women and the effects of oral contraceptive usage on nutritional status are presented in tabular form.
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PMID:Nutrition during pregnancy, lactation, and oral contraception. 25 28

Changes in plasma sodium, potassium, chloride, total carbon dioxide, urea, creatinine, glucose, total bilirubin, iron, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate amino transferase (AST), calcium, inorganic phosphorus, cholesterol and triglycerides were studied in 45 Thoroughbred foals 15 min to 28 days after birth. The results were analysed in 3 groups; Group 1 (0--12 h), Group 2 (12--36 h), Group 3 (1--4 weeks). When Group 2 was compared to Group 1, there were significant reductions of sodium, creatinine, iron and calcium and elevations of total protein and bilirubin. When Group 3 was compared to Group 1 there were significant reductions of sodium, chloride, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, iron and AP. Significant elevations occurred in glucose, total protein, AST, inorganic phosphorus and triglycerides.
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PMID:Plasma biochemistry changes in thoroughbred foals during the first 4 weeks of life. 28 40

Purified components of chicken bone collagen contain approximately 4 atoms of organic phosphorus per mol of collagen, located principally in the alpha 2 chains. Previous analyses have demonstrated the absence of O-phosphoserine, O-phosphothreonine, and other phosphorylated hydroxy amino acids, phosphoamidated amino acids, and phosphorylated sugars. In the present report we establish that chicken bone collagen contains gamma-glutamyl phosphate. This was accomplished by the isolation of tritiated alpha-amino-delta-hydroxyvaleric acid after reductive cleavage with NaB[3H]H4 of the gamma components, the alpha 2 chains, and peptides enriched in organic phosphorus that were derived from the alpha 2 chains. Tritiated alpha-amino-delta-hydroxyvaleric acid was not detected in any of the following unphosphorylated proteins after cleavage with NaB[3H]H4:albumin and lysozyme, the alpha 2 chains of several unmineralized tissues, and, most importantly, dephosphorylated alpha 2 chains of chicken bone collagen. The alpha 2 chain of chicken bone collagen is the first structural protein found to contain an acyl phosphate.
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PMID:Identification of gamma-glutamyl phosphate in the alpha 2 chains of chicken bone collagen. 29 67

Malabsorption (M) is characterized by absorption defect of one or several nutriments in small bowel. Its clinical expression is rarely obvious and biological signs are: anaemia, low serum protein, albumin and lipid rates, low serum calcium, phosphorus and potassium level, and hypoprothrombinaemia. But only 4 simple and reliable tests are needed for diagnosis: i. e.: daily faecal fat amount measurement, daily faecal nitrogen excretion, the xylose test and the Schilling's test. This syndrome is related to many conditions which can be divided into 2 groups with and without intestinal abnormalities. The relationships between M and skin diseases belong to 4 types (J. Marks and S. Shuster): 1) M is responsible for the cutaneous signs, 2) M is caused by a skin disease, 3) both M and skin disease are the result of a same cause, 4) M and skin disease are associated in an indirect way. Only the two first types are dealt with in this report. Skin manifestations occur as a complication in 10 p. 100 to 20 p. 100 of cases of M. They are mostly polymorphous or non-specific, as they are related to multiple vitamin or essential amino acid deficiencies and heal with the treatment of M. The main conditions encountered are diffuse pigmentation, acquired ichthyosis, follicular keratosis, nail brittleness and hair loss. Mucous membrane lesions, purpura and eczematoid or psoriasis-like dermatitis have also been described. More uncommon are clubbing of fingers, finger print abnormalities, kwashiorkor or acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruptions. The dermatogenic enteropathy, i. e. a M syndrome due to a skin disease, occurs as a result of widespread involvement of the body for instance in psoriasis or eczema; its clinical expression is rarely obvious, the histological record of gut biopsy usually normal and the results of biological tests often dissociated, but steatorrhoea is frequently found. The pathogenesis of the condition is still unknown but its importance is related to the extent of the skin disease and it only improves with the treatment of the latter. All these features and others are discussed in the report with a comprehensive review of the literature.
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PMID:[Cutaneous manifestations of malabsorption diseases (author's transl)]. 38 Apr 45

Total and ionic calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, albumin, and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and calcitonin (iCT) were measured in serum or plasma from 30 women throughout pregnancy (beginning before 12 weeks' gestation) and the puerperium. Total calcium levels declined during gestation, paralleling a progressive fall in albumin concentration, whereas ionic calcium values declined only very slightly. Although iPTH levels in early pregnancy were lower than postpartum values (suggesting that iPTH may decline initially following conception), the major portion of gestation was characterized by progressively increasing concentrations which at term averaged 53% above early pregnancy levels and 33% above puerperal values. Thus, the principal adjustment during pregnancy is "physiologic hyperparathyroidism" which acts to preserve maternal homeostasis by maintaining the concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid in the presence of expanding fluid volume, increased renal function, and placental transfer. iCT levels were not affected consistently by pregnancy and exhibited highly variable patterns; half of the subjects demonstrated an increase during the first and second trimesters and then a decline in the third trimester and the remaining half was equally divided between those with no change and those with progressively falling levels.
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PMID:Calcium metabolism in normal pregnancy: a longitudinal study. 43 21


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