Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: HUMANGGP:021525 (albumin)
 60,984 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Various CSF proteins were studied in 255 definite multiple sclerosis patients at various disease stages and compared with corresponding values obtained from 174 controls. The CSF changes in acute multiple sclerosis patients included a significant increase of total proteins and of gamma globulin, IgG, IgA, IgM, alpha-2 ceruloplasmin, 7S-gamma-1, and cytotoxic index for nerve cells in tissue culture, and significant decreases of pre-albumin, alpha-1, and alpha-2 and of the beta/gamma globulin ratio. The CSF levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM remained significantly higher in steroid-treated multiple sclerosis patients than in controls, but the levels often were significantly reduced while patients were on treatment or in remission. During remission or treatment with ACTH and/or steroids, the alpha-2 ceruloplasmin, 7S-gamma-1, and cytotoxic index were significantly reduced and the pre-albumin, alpha-1, and alpha-2 globulin classes and the beta/gamma ratio showed a tendency to return to normal.
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PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid proteins in multiple sclerosis. 4 11

In 9 groups of liver diseases, 11 serum protein parameters were studied. Prealbumin, retinol-binding protein, albumin, alpha-lipoprotein and Normotest (NT) were usually highly intercorrelated and separated best among groups with different types of functional impairment. Haptoglobin, C3 and total iron-binding capacity were probably also sometimes reduced by restricted protein synthesis but appeared to be more easily affected by other factors, alpha1-antitrypsin was often increased in different liver diseases, but a pattern compatible with the "acute-phase reaction" was regularly present only in hepatic tumors. Bile retention was often accompanied by relatively high levels of ceruloplasmin, C3, and alpha-lipoprotein and by high NT values.
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PMID:Serum proteins in diseases of the liver. 5 85

The effect of zinc deficiency on protein synthesis in rats during tularemia was studied. Five weeks prior to infection with the live vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis, rats had been assigned to one of three dietary groups: zinc deficient (-Zn), pair-fed (PF) or ad libitum (AL). Within 4 weeks, zinc deficiency manifested itself by diminished growth rate, decreased serum and liver zinc concentrations and alopecia. By 18 hour post infection, rats of all groups were febrile and exhibited an increased hepatic uptake of zinc. Despite initially lower concentrations of seromucoid in the PF and -Zn groups, infection elicited an increase in seromucoid concentration as well as enhanced incorporation of 3H-leucine into this fraction of comparable degree in all dietary groups. The same held true for ceruloplasmin. Alpha 2-macrofetoprotein also increased to the same extent in all dietary groups. Infection was associated with a decrease in extractable albumin in ad libitum and pair fed control groups. Only the -Zn group showed a significant decrease in specific activity suggestive of diminished albumin synthesis. Zinc deficiency of itself did not cause a decrement in radiolabel in muscle protein. Thus, despite documented zinc deficiency, rats subjected to the stress of infection respond by synthesizing increased amounts of acute phase globulins apparently at the expense of serum albumin and muscle protein synthesis.
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PMID:Protein synthesis in zinc deficient rats during tularemia. 5 80

A new case of analbuminemia is described for a six month old child of Algerian origin. The serum albumin concentration was 64 mg/l and its immunochemical action was identical to that of normal albumin. The system reacted by an increase of the synthesis of globulins. For the subject, the alpha1-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin, transferrin and immunoglobulins M contents were three times higher than the standard figures. However, it was possible to show that the presence of free bilirubin independent from proteins could be detected at a concentration of 17 mumol/l.
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PMID:[Biochemical modifications in a case of analbuminemia (author's transl)]. 6 Oct 76

A linear correlation was found between the serum/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration ratios of albumin, caeruloplasmin and alpha2-macroglobulin and their hydrodynamic radii in a semilogarithmic plot. This protein gradient is used as a parameter to evaluate the blood-CSF barrier under normal and pathological conditions. Irrespective of vastly different transfer rates, the ratio/size permeation curves of proteins at the blood-CSF barrier and the blood-lymph barrier have comparable characteristics. Therefore the protein gradients found in various disease states are interpreted by means of Renkin's general law of lymph formation. Declined gradients are caused either by an increased permeability of the barrier sites or by a decreased turnover rate of the CSF within the compartment punctured. The concentration ratios of immunoglobulins are related to the gradient that is constructed with the ratios of the barrier-indicative marker proteins. As judged by comparative disc electrophoresis of serum and CSF, those disease states that are dominated by barrier impairment are used to establish the range of concentration ratios, compatible with a passive immunoglobulin transfer in any condition in which the barrier is disordered. A mathematical approach is described, which allows the quantitative evaluation of the minimal immunoglobulin portion that is synthesized within the central nervous system.
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PMID:Evaluation of the blood-CSF barrier by protein gradients and the humoral immune response within the central nervous system. 6 25

All seven pure yolk sac tumors of gonadal and extragonadal origin tested showed a bright positive fluorescence for alpha-fetoprotein in the tumor tissue. A positive reaction was seen in both the tumor cells and the hyaline globules. In all cases, however, the positive fluorescence was distributed in some focal areas of the tumor tissue. Certain tumor cells showed a strong granular intracytoplasmic fluorescence, whereas others showed a weak or a negative fluorescence. The fluorescence-positive tumor cells were located mainly in the areas rich in fluorescence-positive hyaline globules. Besides alpha-fetoprotein, certain plasma proteins--albumin, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and transferrin--were also demonstrated in all five yolk sac tumors tested. The pattern of the distribution of positive fluorescence was basically similar to that of alpha-fetroprotein. Other plasma proteins--orosomucoid, haptoglobin, Gc-globulin, alpha-2 macroglobulin, hemopexin, and ceruloplasmin--were present in certain tumors, and were distributed mainly in a limited number of hyaline globules. Both IgG and IgA were present in two tumors of ovarian origin. The immunoglobulins were for the most part present in extracellular hyaline globules, suggesting that these are taken up from the circulation. Test for fibrinogen, beta-lipoprotein, IgM, IgE, beta-1C/beta-1A and beta-1E globulins were negative or questionable. In a hepatoblastoma, tests for alpha-fetoprotein were positive, but those for other plasma proteins were negative. Fine granular fluorescence was seen in each hepatocellular tumor cell. Mesenchymal elements were virtually unstained.
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PMID:Immunofluorescent demonstration of alpha- fetoprotein and other plasma proteins in yolk sac tumor. 6 8

Serum protein components were evaluated by the specific radial immunodiffusion technique in a number of protein energy malnourished infants and young children, as well as in a group of parallel controls. Results show a drop in both serum prealbumin and albumin in concordance with the severity of the condition in both KWO and marasmus. Serum level of varies as 1-acidic glycoprotein was elevated, being more marked in KWO than in marasmus. Serum oc1-antitrypsin, haemopexin, ceruloplasmin and transferrin were all reduced but to a varying extent in both KWO and marasmus. The levels of serum IgA and IgM were above normal in all disease entities except for a slight decrease of IgA in 2nd grade marasmus. On the other hand, serum IgG was reduced in the majority of cases. The ratio of serum cerutoplasmin to transferrin in KWO was found to be of diagnostic value in different grades of the disease.
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PMID:Quantitative immunodiffusion assay of serum protein patterns in protein calorie malnutrition (PCM). 7 40

The authors have elaborated a biochemical technique for the assessment of the selectivity of proteinuria by means of the clearances of ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and albumin. The results obtained in 69 patients were compared to those established by the method of Cameron and Blanford, as well as by the clearance of alpha2-macroglobulin. No significant differences were found in the indices of proteinuria, as determined by the proposed biochemical technique and by the method of Cameron and Blanford. Thus the diagnostic value of both methods to assess the selectivity of proteinuria could be considered as equal. The additional measurement of the selectivity of proteinuria by means of proteins with considerably high molecular weight (haptoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin) gave the possibility of recording cases with severely impaired glomerular permeability. In this respect, the use of the clearance of haptoglobulin, particularly the phenotype Hp 2--2, provided valuable diagnostic information in cases in which the routine methods gave borderline values for the index of proteinuria.
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PMID:Biochemical methods for the assessment of the selectivity of proteinuria. 8 Mar 90

In thirty children hospitalized with acute benign, short-duration gastroenterocolitis, no obligate pathogens were isolated from stools. Five bleedings were established from each patient in order to obtain the protein profiles of albumin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, C3-component, C-reactive protein, immunglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD. The proteins were quantitated by the single radial immunodiffusion method. The initial drop in some of the proteins followed may be related to general protein loss, negative nitrogen balance or hemodilution. The absence of a significant increase in all the investigated immunoglobulin classes contrasted with remarkable increase in haptoglobin and orosomucoid, both reaching normal levels in late convalescence. C-reactive protein could be demonstrated in half of the children showing early normalization with disappearance of clinical symptoms. In contrast to ceruloplasmin and C3- component, alpha2-macroglobulin was not involved in the acute phase protein reaction.
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PMID:Twelve serum protein profiles in children with acute nonbacterial gastroenterocolitis. 8 77

A number of soluble proteins contained in human aortic intimal tissue was extracted into buffered saline (pH 7.4) and identified and quantitated by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion. The proteins included IgA, IgG, IgM, B1C (C3), alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, fibrinogen, albumin, LDL, HDL, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, beta 2-glycoprotein, transferrin and ceruloplasmin. The concentration of soluble proteins was significantly higher in the atherosclerotic intima than in the normal intima. The diseased intima also contained a small amount of tissue-bound IgG, IgA and B1C which was extractable with citrate buffer at pH 3.2. The vascular band IgG, and B1C were shown by enzymatic and immunohistochemical studies to be closely associated with the collagenous tissue of the plaque. The Ig contained in the atherosclerotic plaque may be derived in part from the biosynthesis of Ig by the artery, since the incorporation of 14C-labeled leucine into IgG by the atheromatous plaque was demonstrable by radioimmunoelectrophoresis. In contrast to the diseased artery, the normal artery did not synthesize IgG and did not contain vascular bound IgG or complement. However, the normal artery was capable of fixing IgG and B1C eluted from the diseased artery. The present studies suggested that the IgG contained and synthesized by the plaque might represent an immune response to an endogenous or exogenous antigen closely associated with plaque collagen. IgG and B1C either alone or in the form of an immune complex also may play an important role in phagocytosis in the plaque and thereby influence the course of atherosclerosis. The proteolytic inhibitors, alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin, found in relatively high concentrations in the plaque, could enhance fibrosis of the lesion because of thier known inhibitory effects on collagenase and elastase.
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PMID:Soluble proteins in the human atherosclerotic plaque. With spectral reference to immunoglobulins, C3-complement component, alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin. 9 93


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