Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: HUMANGGP:012675 (S100)
 6,012 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

S100 protein is a widely used immunohistochemical marker for identification of a number of tumors including malignant melanoma and pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland. To extend the detection techniques for S100 protein to the level of its mRNA, sections of malignant melanoma and pleomorphic adenoma were hybridized in situ with a 35S-labeled anti-sense RNA probe complementary to the mRNA for the beta subunit of human S100 protein. Both tumors were labeled with the anti-sense RNA probe but not with a sense RNA probe. In addition, sections of normal and tumor tissues which were known not to express S100 protein on the basis of immunohistochemical studies were not labeled with the anti-sense RNA probe. These results established the specificity of the in situ hybridization technique for the detection of S100 protein mRNA. Although most of the tumor cells in both malignant melanoma and pleomorphic adenoma were labeled with the anti-sense RNA probe, unlabeled tumor cells were also present in their vicinity, suggesting there was a heterogeneity among the cells in both tumor types with respect to S100 protein mRNA expression.
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PMID:Heterogeneity in expression of S100 beta mRNA in human melanoma and pleomorphic adenoma demonstrated by in situ hybridization. 165 4

A case of choroid plexus neoplasm histologically composed of tubular structures lined by a layer of cuboidal epithelium is reported. The neoplasm was located in the fourth ventricle of a 26-year-old man. The intense positivity for antisera anti-vimentin, anti-cytokeratin, anti-EMA and anti-S100 protein exhibited by these cells was consistent with choroid plexus origin. The patient is alive and in good health 5 years after surgery. The lesion represents a benign choroid plexus neoplasm not previously reported. The name "tubular adenoma of choroid plexus" is suggested for this variant.
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PMID:Tubular adenoma of choroid plexus: a case report. 186 Feb 72

A pleomorphic adenoma of the lung recurred after 9 years. The primary tumor consisted mainly of cartilaginous and fibrous elements with a small area of epithelial cell nests, whereas the second one possessed epithelial cell nests with cartilaginous stroma. Immunohistochemical studies showed that both tumors had neoplastic cells with immunoreactive S100, keratin, actin, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acid protein-positive cytoplasm. The primary tumor, which was resected from the periphery of the lung, was not connected with the trachea or the bronchus macroscopically. To our knowledge, the literature contains only six reports of pleomorphic adenoma in the lung.
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PMID:Pleomorphic adenoma in the periphery of the lung. Report of a case and review of the literature. 201 2

Significance of the appearance of folliculo-stellate cells (FSC) was studied in 59 human adenohypophyses and 58 pituitary adenomas after being stained with anti-S100 protein and 6 anti-pituitary hormone antibodies. S100 protein positive cells, stellate in shape with expending cytoplasmic processes among endocrine cells (EC) appeared in all the human adenohypophyses and had a tendency to be clustered in small groups characterized by gathering of 3 to 5 cells in the alveoli. Age or sex difference seemed to have no influence on the distributive density of FSC. FSC in the pituitary adenomas may be derived from two origins. One was the residue of normal pituitary tissue left in adenomas, and the other one seemed to be the chief component of the tumor, known as folliculo-stellate cell adenoma.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of folliculo-stellate cells in human adenohypophysis and in pituitary adenomas]. 227 9

Four instances (8%) of inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) with concomitant adenocarcinoma or adenoma, in the same area, were noted among 50 cases of IFP of the stomach. Adding two cases from other sources, four cases of gastric IFP concomitant with an adenocarcinoma and two of gastric IFP concomitant with an adenoma were studied histopathologically and immunohistochemically. All lesions were located in the gastric antrum and they were restricted to the mucosa in three, and they involved both mucosa and submucosa in the other three. Neither S100 protein nor factor VIII-associated antigen was recognized in the principal component cells, using an immunoperoxidase technique. This finding suggests the conventional view that the proliferating cells were neither neurogenic nor angioblastic, but rather, were fibroblastic in origin. The four concomitant carcinomas were early adenocarcinomas restricted to within the mucosa, and the two concomitant adenomas were tubular adenomas with a moderate epithelial atypia. All these neoplasms were present in or adjacent to the IFP. We emphasize that the IFP, albeit benign, may carry an adenocarcinoma or an adenoma.
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PMID:Concomitant presence of inflammatory fibroid polyp and carcinoma or adenoma in the stomach. 339 20

In 1977, Rulon and Helwig described 14 cases of a benign sweat gland tumor that they termed papillary eccrine adenoma. These neoplasms have a characteristic morphology, consisting of dilated ducts that contain eosinophilic secretion and are often associated with intraluminal papillations. They also stressed the benign clinical behavior of these neoplasms. Since their original description, occasional single cases have been reported. We describe herein four new cases and their immunohistochemical characteristics, including the presence of cytokeratins, S100 protein, and carcinoembryonic antigen.
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PMID:Papillary eccrine adenoma. Light-microscopic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. 363 52

Histological, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric characteristics of three unusual parotid gland tumors are described. The patients were adult white men with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, true malignant mixed tumor, and primary parotid gland chondrosarcoma. The carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma showed evidence of simultaneous epithelial, myoepithelial, and mesenchymal differentiation by immunohistochemistry. The true malignant mixed tumor exhibited variable positivity for two keratins, vimentin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki67, and p53. The chondrosarcoma initially stained for vimentin, S100, muscle-specific actin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and Ki67, but it lost actin expression in its first recurrence, accompanied by more extensive Ki67 staining. DNA ploidy varied from diploid to aneuploid with intratumoral variation in the carcinosarcoma. S-phase fractions ranged from 2.43% to 13.9%. The findings underscore the diversity of tumors that may be pathogenetically related to, and at times derived from, pleomorphic adenoma.
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PMID:Unusual mesenchymal and mixed tumors of the salivary gland. An immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analysis of three cases. 780 57

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequently occurring benign neoplasm of the salivary glands. We describe the culture characteristics, biochemical properties, immunohistochemical staining, and genetic rearrangements found in a novel cell strain (UNC4) established from a human benign pleomorphic adenoma. Serum and/or butyrate stimulation of UNC4 cultures results in upregulation of mucin production. This is confirmed by periodic acid-Schiff, periodic acid-Schiff digest, alcian blue, and mucicarmine staining as well as by gel electrophoresis. Fluorescent immunohistochemical studies detect cellular cytokeratin, desmin, and epithelial membrane antigen. Immunofluorescent staining for S100 protein is negative. Examination of the karyotype of UNC4 reveals a unique rearrangement between one chromosome 8 and the two chromosome 9s involving the 8q12 locus. UNC4 represents an in vitro model of a benign salivary gland neoplasm that can provide the basis for further molecular and biochemical studies on genetic rearrangement and salivary mucin production.
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PMID:Unique chromosomal rearrangement and mucin production in a novel salivary myoepithelial cell strain. 819 94

In general, the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is readily achieved based on a defined aggregate of histopathologic features. A papillary architecture is an important but not pivotal component of the diagnosis. The recognition of classic nuclear features is the essential diagnostic element. However, both the architectural and cytological hallmarks may be encountered in other conditions and produce problems in histopathologic interpretation. A papillary architecture may be encountered in hyperplastic areas of follicular neoplasms, multinodular goiter, and Graves' disease. Moreover, there may be scattered cells within several thyroid lesions that display some of the nuclear characteristics of papillary carcinoma. The distinction of these lesions from papillary carcinoma has important implications for clinical management. Thus, the availability of supportive diagnostic evidence would be helpful. In the authors' experience, the strong expression of S100 is of value in identifying papillary neoplasia and distinguishing it from examples of papillary hyperplasia. It is of supportive but not conclusive use in distinguishing follicular adenoma from the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma. The authors stress that the overwhelming factor in the distinction remains the identification of the nuclear characteristics of a papillary carcinoma. However, the authors have encountered several cases wherein the latter are either focal or absent for reasons addressed previously and have found immunohistochemistry a valuable adjunct to diagnosis. In examining papillary foci within Graves' disease, caution must be exercised; S100 expression is a phenomenon of the hyperplastic, hyperfunctional state.
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PMID:The immunohistochemical localization of S100 in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. 869 4

The phenotype of the proliferated spindled cells and the histogenesis of inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) have been a matter of debate. To clarify the immunohistochemical profile of the main cellular component, we reviewed histologically and studied immunohistochemically 11 cases (12 lesions) of IFP of the stomach. The lesions ranged in size from 0.4 to 3.0 cm (mean, 1.0 cm). All of the IFPs occurred in the antrum. Seven cases (63.6%) were accompanied by carcinoma or adenoma, which in two cases was present in covering epithelium. Grossly, eight IFPs were sessile, and four were polypoid. Microscopically, seven (58.3%) occupied both the mucosa and submucosa. Four (33.3%) were confined to the mucosa, and one was localized only in the submucosa. They were characterized by proliferation of relatively uniform spindled cells, often in a whorl-like arrangement around the blood vessels and glands. Eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltration of varying degree was always present. The spindled cells in all of the IFPs were diffusely immunoreactive for vimentin and CD34. Seven (58.3%) were focally positive for histiocytic markers, such as KP1 and HAM56. Three (25%) showed focal immunoreactivity for alpha smooth muscle actin. Cytokeratin, desmin, S100 protein, Factor VIII RAG, and Ki-67 were negative in these spindled cells. The principle proliferating cells in IFPs in this study showed variable degrees of histiocytic and myofibroblastic lines of differentiation. Under the influence of some etiologic factors, the primitive, uncommitted spindled mesenchymal cells exhibiting CD34 immunoreactivity around the blood vessels and glands in the lower portion of mucosa and submucosa might play a role in development of IFP.
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PMID:CD34 expression by inflammatory fibroid polyps of the stomach. 916 Mar 9


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