Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.4.1.2 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase)
 2,876 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

(1) The rate of palmitate oxidation in the 7800 C1 Morris hepatoma cells was about 60% of the activity observed in hepatocytes. The stimulatory effect of glucagon in hepatocytes was not observed in the hepatoma cells. The rate of fatty acid synthesis from [2-14C]acetate in the hepatoma cells was 1/20 of the activity in hepatocytes. The conversion of [2-14C]acetate to cholesterol was not different in the two kinds of cell. (2) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase were significantly decreased in the hepatoma cells. The hepatoma cells had, however, raised activities of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), and glucose-6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases. (3) The activities of the enzymes were not affected by different concentrations of glucose or palmitate in the culture medium. Insulin, dexamethasone, triiothyronine and glucagon had no effect on the enzyme activities. This is in contrast to the adaptation of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation system, which is induced by fatty acids and modified by hormones.
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PMID:Activities of enzymes of lipid metabolism in Morris hepatoma 7800 C1 cells. 256 35

1. Epididymal adipose tissues obtained from rats that had been previously starved, starved and refed a high fat diet for 72h, starved and refed bread for 144h or fed a normal diet were incubated in the presence of insulin+glucose or insulin+glucose+acetate. 2. Measurements were made of the whole-tissue concentrations of hexose phosphates, triose phosphates, glycerol 1-phosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate, 6-phosphogluconate, adenine nucleotides, acid-soluble CoA, long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, malate and citrate after 1h of incubation. The release of lactate, pyruvate and glycerol into the incubation medium during this period was also determined. 3. The rates of metabolism of glucose in the hexose monophosphate pathway, the glycolytic pathway, the citric acid cycle and into glyceride glycerol, fatty acids and lactate+pyruvate were also determined over a 2h period in similarly treated tissues. The metabolism of acetate to CO(2) and fatty acids in the presence of glucose was also measured. 4. The activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthetase and isocitrate dehydrogenase were determined in adipose tissues from starved, starved and fat-refed, and alloxan-diabetic animals and also in tissues from animals that had been starved and refed bread for up to 96h. Changes in these activities were compared with the ability of similar tissues to incorporate [(14)C]glucose into fatty acids in vitro. 5. The activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase roughly paralleled the ability of tissues to incorporate glucose into fatty acids. 6. Rates of triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid synthesis could not be correlated with tissue concentrations of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, citrate or glycerol 1-phosphate. In some cases changes in phosphofructokinase flux rates could be correlated with changes in citrate concentration. 7. The main lesion in fatty acid synthesis in tissues from starved, starved and fat-refed, and alloxan-diabetic rats appeared to reside at the level of pyruvate utilization and to be related to the rate of endogenous lipolysis. 8. It is suggested that pyruvate utilization by the tissue may be regulated by the metabolism of fatty acids within the tissue. The significance of this in directing glucose utilization away from fatty acid synthesis and into glyceride-glycerol synthesis is discussed.
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PMID:The regulation of triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid synthesis in rat epididymal adipose tissue. Effects of altered dietary and hormonal conditions. 424 59

During the formation of two layers of adipose tissue in the pig's body, starting from the 80th day after birth, samples were obtained by biopsy and analyzed for gross constituents and enzymes concerned with fatty-acid biosynthesis. These two layers differ in total lipid and water content and demonstrate more subtle differences amongst DNA, protein, collagen and sodium concentrations when comparisons are made in regard to age, sex, and breeding selection for low-fat animals. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase are more active in the inner layer, while 6-phosphogluconate and isocitrate dehydrogenases are distinguishable in the two layers of adipose tissue as well if age, sex, and breeding line are taken into consideration. The data form the basis for a more detailed study of lipogenic potentials in adipose tissue (next paper).
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PMID:Biochemical characterization of the layers of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the pig body. 612 11