Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: EC:6.4.1.2 (
acetyl-CoA carboxylase
)
2,876
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The first committed step in fatty acid synthesis is mediated by
acetyl-CoA carboxylase
(ACCase), a biotin-dependent enzyme that carboxylates acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA. ACCase can be feedback regulated by short-term or long-term exposure to fatty acids in the form of
Tween 80
(predominantly containing oleic acid), which results in reversible or irreversible ACCase inhibition, respectively. Biotin attachment domain-containing (BADC) proteins are inactive analogs of biotin carboxyl transfer proteins that lack biotin, and their incorporation into ACCase down-regulates its activity by displacing active (biotin-containing) biotin carboxyltransferase protein subunits. Arabidopsis (
Arabidopsis thaliana
) lines containing T-DNA insertions in
BADC1
,
BADC2
, and
BADC3
were used to generate
badc1 badc2
and
badc1 badc3
double mutants. The
badc1 badc3
mutant exhibited normal growth and development; however, ACCase activity was 26% higher in
badc1 badc3
and its seeds contained 30.1% more fatty acids and 32.6% more triacylgycerol relative to wild-type plants. To assess whether BADC contributes to the irreversible phase of ACCase inhibition, cell suspension cultures were generated from the leaves of
badc1 badc3
and wild-type plants and treated with 10 mm
Tween 80
. Reversible ACCase inhibition was similar in
badc1 badc3
and wild-type cultures after 2 d of
Tween 80
treatment, but irreversible inhibition was reduced by 50% in
badc1 badc3
relative to wild-type plants following 4 d of
Tween 80
treatment. In this study, we present evidence for two important homeostatic roles for BADC proteins in down-regulating ACCase activity: by acting during normal growth and development and by contributing to its long-term irreversible feedback inhibition resulting from the oversupply of fatty acids.
...
PMID:Biotin Attachment Domain-Containing Proteins Irreversibly Inhibit Acetyl CoA Carboxylase. 2962 62
