Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.3.5.5 (CPS)
 1,262 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The time course of the occurrence of hyperreactivity in interferon and cytotoxin responses to the active substance (neutral fraction) of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (neutral CPS-K) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and of the hyperreactivity to their lethal effects was followed after infection with BCG in SMA and ICR strains of mice. The duration of these hyperreactivities of BCG-infected mice depended on the inoculum doses of BCG. The time patterns of the hyperreactivity to the lethal effects of neutral CPS-K and LPS were similar in both strains of mice, although the maximum toxicity of LPS by the intraperitoneal route in BCG-infected mice on a weight basis was stronger than that of neutral CPS-K. Irrespective of inducer and mouse strain, the time pattern of the hyperreactivity to produce cytotoxin was similar to that of the hyperreactivity to produce interferon. The patterns for these phenomena when neutral CPS-K was used as an inducer were also similar to those when LPS was used. In ICR mice the hyperreactivity in interferon and cytotoxin responses to either neutral CPS-K or LPS decayed significantly earlier than the hyperreactivity to their lethal effects, whereas in SMA mice the occurrence of both types of hyperreactivities seemed to be associated. Therefore, it is suggested that the mechanism for the hyperreactivity in interferon and cytotoxin responses to neutral CPS-K or LPS in BCG-infected mice is not necessarily the same as that for the hyperreactivity to their lethal effects.
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PMID:Interferon and cytotoxic factor (cytotoxin) released in the blood of mice infected with Mycobacterium bovis BCG. II. Influence of time after BCG inoculation on production of interferon and cytotoxin by capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae or by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and on hyperreactivity to their lethal effects. 38 56

Previously a method of selection of colicine-defective recombinant plasmids by mitomycin C was described. A series of recombinant plasmids (CPS) with various EcoRI-fragments of pea chloroplast DNA has been obtained. This paper describes some properties of cloned fragments replicated in Escherichia coli. The alkali stability of recombinant plasmid DNAs has been demonstrated, indicating the absence of ribonucleotides in their structure. Heterogeneity of chloroplast DNA in nucleotide composition was demonstrated using ultracentrifugation analysis of CPS-plasmid DNAs in CsCl-actinomycin D density gradient. Pea chloroplast rDNA was cloned in recombinant plasmids.
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PMID:[Chloroplast DNA cloning in Escherichia coli. II. The properties of the recombinant plasmids bearing the EcoRI fragments of pea chloroplast DNA and the cloning of the DNA sequences with rRNA genes]. 38 33

Two patients presenting with acute fatty liver of pregnancy were studied. Because of similarities between acute fatty liver of pregnancy and Reye's syndrome, we investigated hepatic ultrastructure, urea-cycle enzyme activities, and plasma amino acids. Initial liver biopsies obtained 12 and 21 days after the onset of illness demonstrated microvesicular fat deposition and mitochondrial ultrastructural changes, including pleomorphism and abundant crystalline inclusions. In both biopsies, activity of the mitochondrial urea-cycle enzyme OTC was markedly below normal limits. Activity of the other mitochondrial urea-cycle enzyme, CPS, was low in one patient. Abnormalities of these enzymes persisted in second biopsies obtained at 9 and 28 weeks, respectively. By 44 weeks all urea-cycle enzyme activities had returned to normal in one patient. However, in the other patient OTC activity was still reduced at 52 weeks, although it had doubled in comparison to previous biopsies. Morphological changes of the mitochondria generally improved in parallel with the urea-cycle enzymes. Plasma amino acids, obtained at the time of the initial biopsies, demonstrated a generalized hypoaminoacidemia with the exception of glutamate. Serial observations in patients with this rare disease indicate that there are similarities with Reye's syndrome, in particular, reduced activity of the mitochondrial urea-cycle enzymes. But there are important differences. (1) Enzymatic and ultrastructural abnormalities of mitochondria persist for a longer period of time than in Reye's syndrome. (2) Mitochondrial ultrastructure is different. (3) Plasma amino acid profiles are different.
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PMID:Abnormalities of hepatic mitochondrial urea-cycle enzyme activities and hepatic ultrastructure in acute fatty liver of pregnancy. 46 76

The 1973 CPS-IRS-SSA Exact Match Study--a joint undertaking of the Social Security Administration and the Bureau of the Census--links survey records for persons in the March 1973 Current Population Survey to their respective earnings and benefit information in SSA administrative records and to selected items from their 1972 Internal Revenue Service individual income tax returns. The resulting set of files provides a very broad base for cross-section and longitudinal analyses of income-distribution questions. This article attempts to provide an overview of the techniques employed in the study. Among the topics discussed are the confidentiality requirements in force during the project. The original study goals are also described and a list of some of the completed research is provided.
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PMID:The 1973 CPS-IRS-SSA exact match study. 71 36

In a small routine nuclear medicine department the majority of imaging on a gamma camera involves count rates within about 15 000 CPS. The analogue approach described enables images within this range to be recorded without loss of uniformity or resolution. The equipment needed is only two channels per isotope of an instrumentation recorder and simple additional pulse shaping circuitry. For information about an area of interest simple comparators and a pen recorder may be used. The major cost would be the instrumentation recorder (at present a suitable 40 kHz machine is available for about 3000 lbs.). The additional electronics may be quite easily built in a small department at nominal cost, and the rate meter and pen recorder are likely to be found in most departments. The approach has gross limitations and could not be used for studies above about 20 000 CPS, it would only be suitable for slow dynamic studies such as renograms, but the simplicity of the method, the immediate replay on site, and almost instant quantitative data after a patient study without any need for programming, together with the very low cost, make this system attractive for a small routine department without access to a digital computer.
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PMID:A simple and inexpensive method for the recording of scintillation camera data at low and moderate count rates. 73 9

The neutral fraction (neutral CPS-K) of Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide (CPS-K) from type 1, Kasuya strain, has already been reported as the active substance responsible for the strong adjuvant effect of CPS-K. The present results demonstrate that neutral CPS-K exhibits further common biological activities with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Salmonella enteritidis. The intensity of the lethality in mice of neutral CPS-K by the intraperitoneal route is very similar to that of LPS. Its lethality for mice by the intravenous (i.v.) route is significantly stronger than that of LPS, because the degree of increase in the sensitivity to their lethality by i.v. challenge is smaller for LPS than for neutral CPS-K. The intensity of the pyrogenicity of neutral CPS-K in rabbits is approximately one-tenth of that of LPS as judged by the minimal pyrogenic doses and fever indices. The skin-preparatory potency of neutral CPS-K for the dermal Shwartzman phenomenon in rabbits is also approximately one-tenth of that of LPS compared on the basis of the minimal skin-preparatory doses. When injected i.v., neutral CPS-K exhibits a provocative effect on hemorrhagic reactions in skin sites prepared with neutral CPS-K or LPS.
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PMID:Adjuvant action of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on antibody response. V. Further biological properties of the active substance. 78 3

Using the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K) as a polyclonal B-cell activator (PBA) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as a T cell-dependent antigen, we compared the ability of PBA and antigen to differentiate (generate antibody-forming cells, AFC) and proliferate (generate immunological memory) virgin B cells and B memory cells. In vitro CPS-K induced the differentiation of IgM virgin B cells, IgM B memory cells and IgG B memory cells to AFC, as well as or better than SRBC. The differentiation of B memory cells to AFC by CPS-K did not require the participation of macrophages or T cells, whereas the action of SRBC depended strictly upon the helper actions of these cells. The responsiveness to CPS-K and SRBC of normal and antigen-primed spleen cells as judged by anti-SRBC PFC responses in vitro was markedly decreased after stimulation of virgin B cells and B memory cells in vivo by CPS-K injection into normal or primed mice but greatly increased after the injection of SRBC. The decrease in the responsiveness to CPS-K of spleen cells from mice treated with CPS-K appeared principally due to exhaustion of the functions of B cells and B memory cells. From the present data it has been concluded that the signals required for the differentiation and proliferation of B cells of B memory cells are different from each other, the signal for differentiation being provided by either antigen (SRBC) or PBA (CPS-K), while the signal for proliferation only by antigen.
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PMID:Comparative studies on the actions of antigen and polyclonal B-cell activator in differentiation and proliferation of B-cells and B memory cells. 78 31

In normal mice, the total count of peritoneal leukocytes was markedly decreased after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K) depending on the dosage injected. This decrease was mainly due to the depletion of macrophages, and a decrease in the number of lymphocytes occurred to a lesser extent. CPS-K in relatively smaller doses mobilized polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (PMN) into the peritoneal fluid but it decreased them transiently in larger doses. In mice infected i.p. with a virulent strain of Salmonella enteritidis, there was an abundant emigration of PMN into the peritoneal fluid. When 200 mug of CPS-K was injected i.p. immediately before bacterial challenge, emigration of PMN was markedly delayed for 48 hr after infection. Associated with this suppressed emigration of PMN, the numbers of macrophages and lymphocytes in the peritoneal fluid were significantly less in mice treated with CPS-K than those in untreated control mice for 48 hr after infection. The numbers of both cell-associated and extracellular bacteria in the peritoneal fluid were markedly greater in mice treated with CPS-K than those in untreated control mice. In both in vivo and in vitro experiments, ingestion of bacteria by macrophages and PMN was not blocked by CPS-K or neutral CPS-K, the active substance responsible for the infection-promoting effect of CPS-K. It appeared that CPS-K somehow impaired the intraphagocytic bactericidal activity.
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PMID:Effect of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Host resistance to bacterial infections. II. Effects on peritoneal leukocytes of normal mice and mice infected with virulent Salmonella enteritidis. 79 33

With the use of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K) as a powerful adjuvant, high precipitin responses could be induced in mice to syngeneic eyeball extracts and thyroid gland extracts which were normally nonimmunogenic. Only very weak responses were induced to eyeball extracts by Freund's complete adjuvant. Repeated administrations of the antigens mixed with CPS-K at time intervals of 30 days (more than twice for the eyeballs or more than three times for the thyroid glands) were required for induction of high precipitin responses. Antibody responses detectable by the immunofluorescent technique could be induced to syngeneic lymphoid tissue extracts by injecting the mixture of antigen and CPS-K more than five times at time intervals of 30 days. These findings suggest that repeated stimulation by autoantigens together with such a strong adjuvant as CPS-K can terminate natural tolerance against autoantigens.
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PMID:Microbial adjuvant and autoimmunity. I. Induction of antibody responses to syngeneic tissue extracts in mice treated with capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae. 109 86

A study was performed to clarify the roles of primary and secondary injections of antigen and adjuvant (capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae, CPS-K) in induction of antibody responses and in the development of immunological memory in mice to bovine serum albumin (BSA). A primary injection of BSA alone neither induced significant primary antibody response nor increased immunological memory for a secondary antibody response but, if primary injections of BSA and CPS-K were performed simultaneously, high antibody responses were induced. Moreover, a prior injection of BSA alone or CPS-K alone decreased the level of primary antibody response and the degree of increase in memory following the subsequent injection of BSA mixed with CPS-K. In contrast, a secondary injection of BSA alone into mice once primed with a mixture of BSA and CPS-K elicited very high secondary type antibody response and increased secondarily the memory for a tertiary antibody response. Injection of CPS-K simultaneously with or shortly before or after the secondary injection of BSA did not increase the level of the secondary antibody response and the degree of the secondary increase in memory. Augmentation of the secondary antibody response was elicited by simultaneous injection of CPS-K only when the secondary response was induced inadequately by a suboptimum or supraoptimum dose of antigen.
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PMID:Adjuvant action of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on antibody response. IV. The roles of antigen and adjuvant for induction of primary and secondary antibody responses and for development of immunological memory to bovine serum albumin. 110 33


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