Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.3.5.5 (CPS)
 1,262 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that underlie hepatic differentiation inside a bioartificial liver (BAL) device is obtained when functional, histological, and gene expression analyses can be combined. We therefore developed a novel cell-sampling technique that enabled us to analyze adherent hepatocytes inside a BAL device during a 5-day culture period, without the necessity of terminating the culture. Biochemical data showed that hepatocyte-specific functions were relatively stable, despite an increase in glycolytic activity. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis of hepatic genes cytochrome p450 3A29, albumin, glutamine synthetase, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase, but also de-differentiation marker pi-class glutathione S transferase showed stable messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels from day 1 to 5. In contrast, mRNA levels of alpha-fetoprotein, pro- and anti-apoptotic genes Bax-alpha and Bcl-X(L), metabolic genes lactate dehydrogenase and uncoupling protein 2, and cytoskeleton genes alpha- and beta-tubulin and beta-actin increased in 5 days. Histological analysis revealed viable tissue-like structures with adaptation to the in vitro environment. We conclude that hepatocytes show a tendency for de-differentiation shortly after seeding but thereafter remain acceptably differentiated during 5 days of culture. Furthermore, partly impaired mitochondrial function is suggestive for local hypoxic regions and may trigger the observed metabolic changes. Anti-apoptotic activity seems to balance pro-apoptotic activity. This new cell-sampling technique facilitates the analysis of dynamic processes of hepatocyte culture inside a BAL.
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PMID:Time-related analysis of metabolic liver functions, cellular morphology, and gene expression of hepatocytes cultured in the bioartificial liver of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam (AMC-BAL). 1751 23

Multiple reports have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in hepatic fibrosis and that they are capable of causing hepatocyte apoptosis in hepatic fibrosis by causing oxidative damage to the liver. Thus, the study of antioxidant compounds may shed light on the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the protective effects of Cordyceps polysaccharide (CPS), a major antioxidative component of Cordyceps militaris, on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell apoptosis. The data showed that CPS markedly inhibited H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, lowered cell viability, increased the apoptotic rate, boosted ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and promoted cytochrome C (Cyt C) release. These results indicated that CPS protected HL-7702 cells, which are used as the main model of hepatic fibrosis, against H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing ROS production and regulating mitochondrial apoptotic signaling through the Cyt C, Bax and Bcl-2 apoptosis-related proteins.
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PMID:Protective effect of Cordyceps polysaccharide on hydrogen peroxide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in HL-7702 cells. 2325 6