Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Many patients undergoing long-term bladder catheterisation experience blockage and encrustation of their catheters. The problem stems from infection by urease producing bacteria, particularly Proteus mirabilis. Bacterial biofilms colonise the catheters, the activity of urease raises the pH and induces the deposition of calcium and magnesium phosphate crystals. In this study, a laboratory model of the catheterised bladder has been used to examine the early stages in the formation of the crystalline biofilms. The results show that initial cell adhesion is to the irregular surfaces surrounding the catheter eye-holes. Microcolonies form in depressions in these surfaces and spread to cover the entire surface of the rims around the eye-holes. Crystals then form around the bacterial populations and the biofilm starts to move down the lumenal surfaces of the catheters. The encrustation develops most extensively and generally blocks the catheter at or just below the eye-hole. There is a need to improve catheter design and manufacturing procedures for the eye-holes if the problems associated with the current devices are to be reduced.
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PMID:Why are Foley catheters so vulnerable to encrustation and blockage by crystalline bacterial biofilm? 1457 34

A field experiment was carried out to assess the effectiveness of the addition of sugar beet, rock phosphate, and Aspergillus niger directly into the planting hole, and the mycorrhizal inoculation of seedlings with Scleroderma verrucosum, for promotion of plant growth of Cistus albidus L. and Quercus coccifera L. and enhancement of soil physicochemical, biochemical, and biological properties, in a degraded semiarid Mediterranean area. One year after planting, the available phosphorus content in the amended soils of both species was about fourfold higher than in the nonamended soil. Amendment addition increased the aggregate stability of the rhizosphere of C. albidus (by 56% with respect to control soil) while the mycorrhizal inoculation increased only the aggregate stability of the rhizosphere of Q. coccifera (by 13% with respect to control soil). Biomass C content and enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, acid phosphatase, and beta-glucosidase) of the rhizosphere of C. albidus were increased by amendment addition but not by mycorrhizal inoculation. Both treatments increased enzyme activities of the rhizosphere of Q. coccifera. The mycorrhizal inoculation of the seedlings with S. verrucosum was the most effective treatment for stimulating the growth of C. albidus (by 469% with respect to control plants) and Q. coccifera (by 74% with respect to control plants). The combined treatment, involving mycorrhizal inoculation of seedlings and addition of the amendment directly into soil, had no additive effect on the growth of either shrub species.
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PMID:Establishment of two ectomycorrhizal shrub species in a semiarid site after in situ amendment with sugar beet, rock phosphate, and Aspergillus niger. 1569 Feb 28