Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four strains of a novel Helicobacter species were isolated from the stomachs of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubilatus) with gastritis. These isolates were phenotypically similar to Helicobacter pylori. The isolates were gram-negative, spiral bacteria which grew under microaerophilic conditions at 37 degrees C, but not at 25 or 42 degrees C, and produced urease, catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The isolates did not ferment glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, rhamnose, sucrose, melibiose, amygdalin, or arabinose; hydrolyze hippurate or indoxyl acetate; or reduce nitrate. They did not produce H2S from triple sugar iron agar, and they did not grow in the presence of 1.0% glycine or 1.5% NaCl. They were resistant to nalidixic acid and sensitive to cephalothin and metronidazole. Cells were typically 0.3 by 2.0 microns and possessed tufts of two to five sheathed, monopolar flagella. The G+C content of strain 90-119 was 30 mol%. Cluster analysis of densitometry scans of polyacrylamide protein gels revealed more than 70% similarity of the cheetah isolates to H. pylori, less than 60% similarity to Helicobacter felis, and less than 50% similarity to Helicobacter mustelae. Complete 16S rRNA sequences were determined for two of the cheetah isolates. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by comparing the cheetah sequences to those of 19 reference strains, including H. pylori, H. felis (two strains), H. mustelae, Helicobacter muridarum, "Flexispira rappini," Wolinella succinogenes, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter curvus, Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, Campylobacter rectus, Campylobacter sputorum subsp. bubulus, a Campylobacter sp. (pig isolate), [Bacteroides] gracilis, and [Bacteroides] ureolyticus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Helicobacter acinonyx sp. nov., isolated from cheetahs with gastritis. 837 70

Antimicrobial susceptibility of 50 local isolates of Helicobacter pylori from patients with acid peptic diseases was investigated to commonly used antibiotics. The maximum resistance was (66%) detected to metronidazole (MIC > 8 micrograms/ml). The frequency of resistance to ampicillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin was in the range of 20-28 per cent; least resistance was observed to tetracycline (10%). The gradient disc diffusion method was found to give reproducible results and also correlated with agar dilution method for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Study of the enzymatic activity of H. pylori isolates showed that all isolates had urease, catalase, oxidase, esterase-lipase, and naphthol-AS-beta-1-phosphohydrolase enzymes and were consistently negative for ten other enzymes tested. Majority of the isolates expressed alkaline phosphatase (17/18), esterase (17/18) and acid phosphatase (14/18). The acid phosphatase had the maximum mean enzymatic activity. There was no difference in enzymatic activity between H. pylori isolates from ulcer and gastritis patients. H. pylori isolates could be typed into five biotypes. Type III was found to be more common (44.4%). This study supports the existence of the strain variations among H. pylori on the basis of the enzyme profiles.
...
PMID:Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern & biotyping of Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients with peptic ulcer diseases. 855 18

A total of seven Bacteroides ureolyticus strains were isolated from the cervix and the clitoral fossa of mares with vaginal discharge. No other bacteria capable of causing metritis or vaginitis were isolated from the samples. The isolated strains resembled Taylorella equigenitalis. Both species are catalase, oxidase and alkaline phosphatase positive, but, in addition to these characteristics, B. ureolyticus strains produced urease and they could not tolerate 10% O2. They also failed to be agglutinated in a hyperimmune serum raised against T. equigenitalis; however, B. ureolyticus and T. equigenitalis were agglutinated in the slide agglutination test in a serum produced against one of the B. ureolyticus isolates. Further investigations are needed to clarify the pathologic role of B. ureolyticus in genital infections of mares and other animals.
...
PMID:Isolation of Bacteroides ureolyticus from vaginal discharge of mares. 859 54

Helicobacter pylori was grown on solid medium for up to 5 weeks. Morphological conversion from spiral to coccoid forms began after 7 days incubation under microaerophilic conditions. Similar to the exponential cultures, the ageing bacteria produced alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, leucine arylamidase and naphthol-AS-beta 1-phosphohydrolase, although there was a reduction in the levels of the latter two enzymes. Unlike the other enzymes, urease was not detected in 5-week-old cultures. By using primers based on urease subunit C and 26 kD protein genes for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) these two important gene fragments remained conserved despite the morphological conversion from spiral to coccoid forms. Furthermore, PCR-based random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting showed similar DNA banding patterns from bacteria of various ages, demonstrating the conservation of the DNA composition despite morphological changes. This study shows that the aging coccoid form of H. pylori, although reportedly non-culturable in vitro, remains genetically unchanged indicating that it is likely to be viable.
...
PMID:Is the coccoid form of Helicobacter pylori viable? 903 59

The reference values of common blood chemistry analytes in healthy population, aged newborn to 80 years, of Rawalpindi Islamabad area were determined at AFIP, Rawalpindi. A total of 2115 healthy subjects, 1206 males and 909 females, were included in the study. Plasma glucose was analysed by GOD/POD, serum cholesterol by CHOD/PAP, triglycerides by GPO/PAP, urea by urease/GLDH, creatinine by Jaffe' rate reaction, uric acid by uricase, total bilirubin by Jendrassik and Grof, total protein by biuret, alanine transaminase (ALT) by optimized IFCC and alkaline phosphatase (AP) by optimized DGKC method. The between batch CVs of all the parameters were within acceptable quality goals. The reference values were calculated using 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles as lower and upper limits (95% CI). In healthy adult males the reference values were: fasting plasma glucose, 3.6-6.0 mmol/l; serum cholesterol; 3.2-6.6 mmol/l; triglycerides, 0.6-2.3 mmol/l; urea, 2.8-6.4 mmol/l; creatinine, 65-132 umol/l; uric acid, 164-430 umol/l; total bilirubin, 5-18 umol/l; total protein, 57-83 g/l; ALT, 15-45 U/l and AP, 185-620 U/l. The values in adult females, children and elderly subjects were slightly different than adult males. The reference values of our population show mild to moderate differences from the other Asian, European and American populations. It is recommended that reference values of different biochemical investigations should be established in various areas of Pakistan to make appropriate use of such investigations.
...
PMID:Reference values of common blood chemistry analytes in healthy population of Rawalpindi-Islamabad area. 930 Nov 67

Calcium phosphate is deposited in many diseases, but formation mechanisms remain speculative. Nanobacteria are the smallest cell-walled bacteria, only recently discovered in human and cow blood and commercial cell culture serum. In this study, we identified with energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis and chemical analysis that all growth phases of nanobacteria produce biogenic apatite on their cell envelope. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy revealed the mineral as carbonate apatite. The biomineralization in cell culture media resulted in biofilms and mineral aggregates closely resembling those found in tissue calcification and kidney stones. In nanobacteria-infected fibroblasts, electron microscopy revealed intra- and extracellular acicular crystal deposits, stainable with von Kossa staining and resembling calcospherules found in pathological calcification. Previous models for stone formation have led to an hypothesis that elevated pH due to urease and/or alkaline phosphatase activity is a lithogenic factor. Our results indicate that carbonate apatite can be formed without these factors at pH 7.4, at physiological phosphate and calcium concentrations. Nanobacteria can produce apatite in media mimicking tissue fluids and glomerular filtrate and provide a unique model for in vitro studies on calcification.
...
PMID:Nanobacteria: an alternative mechanism for pathogenic intra- and extracellular calcification and stone formation. 965 77

Strain 130ZT was isolated from the bovine rumen. It is a facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, Gram-negative rod. It exhibits a 'Morse code' form of morphology, which is characteristic of the genus Actinobacillus. Strain 130ZT is a capnophilic, osmotolerant succinogen that utilizes a broad range of sugars. It accumulates high concentrations of succinic acid (> 70 g l-1). Strain 130ZT is positive for catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase, but does not produce indole or urease. Acid but no gas is produced from D-glucose and D-fructose. 16S rRNA sequence analysis places strain 130ZT within the family Pasteurellaceae; the most closely related members of the family Pasteurellaceae have 16S rRNA similarities of 95.5% or less with strain 130ZT. Strain 130ZT was compared with Actinobacillus lignieresii and the related Bisgaard Taxa 6 and 10. Based upon morphological and biochemical properties, strain 130ZT is most similar to members of the genus Actinobacillus within the family Pasteurellaceae. It is proposed that strain 130ZT be classified as a new species, Actinobacillus succinogenes. The type strain of Actinobacillus succinogenes sp. nov. is ATCC 55618T.
...
PMID:Actinobacillus succinogenes sp. nov., a novel succinic-acid-producing strain from the bovine rumen. 1002 65

Spiral organisms were isolated from an antral gastric mucosal biopsy specimen from a dyspeptic patient with gastritis. Only corkscrew-shaped organisms resembling "Gastrospirillum hominis" ("Helicobacter heilmannii") but no Helicobacter pylori-like organisms were seen in histological sections. H. pylori was not cultured from specimens from this patient. On the basis of biochemical reactions, morphology, ultrastructure, and 16S DNA sequencing, the isolated "G. hominis" was shown to be a true Helicobacter sp. very similar to Helicobacter felis and the "Gastrospirillum" but was separate from H. pylori. "G. hominis" is a pleomorphic gram-negative cork-screw-shaped, motile rod with 3 to 8 coils and a wavelength of about 1 micrometer. In contrast to H. pylori, it has up to 14 sheathed flagellar uni- or bipolar fibrils but no periplasmic fibrils. "G. hominis" grows under microaerobic conditions at 36 and 41 degrees C on 7% lysed, defibrinated horse blood agar plates within 3 to 7 days and can be subcultured under microaerobic but not under anaerobic conditions on media similar to those used for H. pylori and H. felis. The small translucent colonies were, in contrast to those of H. felis, indistinguishable from those of H. pylori. "G. hominis" is, like H. pylori and H. felis, motile, is oxidase, catalase, nitrite, nitrate, and urease positive, and produces alkaline phosphatase and arginine arylamidase. Like H. pylori and H. felis, it is sensitive to cephalothin (30-microgram disc), resistant to nalidixic acid (30-microgram disc), and sensitive to most other antibiotics. The 16S DNA sequence clusters "G. hominis" together with "Gastrospirillum," H. felis, Helicobacter bizzozeronii, Helicobacter salmonii, Helicobacter nemestrinae, Helicobacter acinonychis, and H. pylori.
...
PMID:Characterization of a culturable "Gastrospirillum hominis" (Helicobacter heilmannii) strain isolated from human gastric mucosa. 1007 28

In accordance with Recommendation 30b of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria, minimal standards are proposed for the genus Staphylococcus and the description of newly recognized species in this genus. Assignment of a strain to the genus Staphylococcus requires that it is a Gram-positive coccus that forms clusters, produces catalase, has an appropriate cell wall structure (including peptidoglycan type and teichoic acid presence) and G + C content of DNA in a range of 30-40 mol%. The recommended minimal standards for describing a new Staphylococcus species are based on the results of phenotypic and genomic studies of at least five independently isolated strains. They include colony morphology and the results of the following conventional tests: pigment production, growth requirements, fermentative and oxidative activity on carbohydrates, novobiocin susceptibility, enzymic activities (nitrate reductase, alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, urease, cytochrome oxidase, staphylocoagulase in rabbit plasma, heat-stable nuclease, amidases, oxidases, clumping factor, and haemolytic activity on sheep or bovine blood agar). DNA-DNA hybridization experiments may distinguish species when the difference between the binding in the homologous reaction and the binding in the heterologous reaction expressed as a percentage is less than 70%. In addition, rRNA signature sequence criteria, ribotyping characterization of the nomenclature type strain and other strains of the species, and reference strains of other species is recommended to describe the strains of the new species with sets of genetic attributes and reveal possible grouping errors. This proposal has been endorsed by the members of the Subcommittee on the taxonomy of staphylococci and streptococci of the international Committee on Systematic Bacteriology.
...
PMID:Recommended minimal standards for description of new staphylococcal species. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of staphylococci and streptococci of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. 1031 69

Marginal-zone B cells of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) are the normal counterpart of the neoplastic cells in MALT lymphoma. In both cases these lymphocytes express surface immunoglobulins, but are negative when stained for B cell associated antigens like CD10 and CD23. Furthermore, the B cell gene rearrangement has been found in Helicobacter pylori associated chronic gastritis and in extranodal type of marginal-zone lymphoma. The aim of this study was to quantify the number of IgM-, CD10-, and CD23-positive lymphocytes in patients with type B gastritis and to compare the results with the antigen profile of mononuclear cells in patients with gastritis not associated with H. pylori. Additionally, the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IgH) gene rearrangement in H. pylori positive and H. pylori negative gastritis was studied. From 23 patients with a positive urease test and/or histologically proven H. pylori infection and chronic gastritis and from 22 patients with H. pylori negative chronic gastritis mucosa biopsy specimens were taken. Single-cell suspensions were obtained following enzymatic digestion. For immunocytochemistry, an alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase method was applied. IgH gene rearrangement in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens was determined by polymerase chain reaction in 11 patients with chronic gastritis. An increase in mu-positive plasma cells and B lymphocytes was detected in patients with H. pylori positive gastritis as compared with patients with H. pylori negative gastritis (10.0 vs. 3.9%, p < 0.001, and 4.3 vs. 1.6%, p < 0.01, respectively). In both groups, the proportion of CD10- and CD23-positive lymphocytes was <1%. IgH gene rearrangement was not restricted to type B gastritis; single bands were also present in 3 of 7 patients with H. pylori negative chronic gastritis. Our finding of IgH gene rearrangement in some of the patients with H. pylori negative chronic gastritis indicates that additional factors may be critical for these genotypical changes and for the pathogenesis of gastric MALT lymphoma.
...
PMID:Antigenic phenotyping of lymphoid cells and B cell gene rearrangement in type B gastritis and in gastritis not associated with Helicobacter pylori colonization. 1052 10


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---