Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A restricted biochemical scheme for the identification of enterobacteria, consisting of 12 enzymatic tests, of which 7 performed on the multitest TSI and MIU media (H2S, the production of acid and gas from glucose, fermentation of lactose/saccharose, mobility, urease and indol production) and 5 additional tests performed separately : lysindecarboxylase, phenylalanindeaminase, beta galactosidase, increase on citrate media and splitting of sodium malonate is proposed. Of 7782 coprocultures, 275 were selected on TSI and MIU media as belonging to one of the groups of known pathogenic enterobacteria ; 94.87% of these cultures were correctly identified by using the 5 additional tests alone. Of the 14 cultures that could not be listed taxonomically, 10 gave atypical reactions with at least one of these tests. The current use of this restricted scheme and the use of the more extensive sets only in doubtful cases presents a real advantage by reducing the volume of work and materials under satisfactorily accurate conditions for identification.
 ...
PMID:[Value of some enzyme tests used in practice for identification of enterobacteria]. 14 13

A simplified, concise scheme was developed for the identification of nonfermentative, gram-negative bacteria which have most frequently been reported in the literature as definite or possible agents of human disease. These organisms included apyocyanogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. stutzeri, P. maltophilia, P. putrefaciens, P. cepacia, P. alcaligenes, FLAVOBACTERIUM SPECIES, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Acinetobacter anitratum (Herellea vaginicola), A. Iwoffi (Mima polymorpha), Moraxella species, Alcaligenes odorans and Alcaligenes species. The tests used for identification included production of cytochrome oxidase, amylase, deoxyribonuclease, gelatinase, urease and Beta-galactosidase; motility; oxidation of one per cent glucose and ten per cent lactose; fluorescence; indole, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen gas production; denitrification of nitrites; growth at 42C; penicillin sensitivity and production of an aromatic odor and greenish discoloration on blood agar. Using this scheme, 85 per cent of 243 isolates (unknowns and reference strains) were identified to genus and species. Of the 15 per cent remaining, 11 per cent were identified as alkaline organisms and four per cent were unidentifiable.
 ...
PMID:Identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria in the clinical laboratory. 16 60

A study was made of 268 cultures isolated from the urine of 263 children suffering from pyelonephritis. Of the total number of different cultures E. coli constituted 79.3 percent; the percentage of the rest varied from 5.2 to 0.4. Examination of 87 urinocultures of E. coli isolated from sick children with the specific immune response showed that the majority of bacterial signs (urease activity, capacity to produce alpha-hemolysin to utilize saccharose and raffinose, to synthesize colicine) failed to correlate with their pyelopathogenicity. The reference to individual serological groups also failed to serve as a sufficient foundation for the separation of these microbes into individual nephropathogenic or pyelopathogenic groups. In experiments with 3H-glucose labeled bacteria there was revealed a marked adhesive capacity in 94 percent of E. coli strains towards the epithelial cells of the RH strain. A positive radioactive label failed to correlate with the presence in E. coli of common pili and with the bacterial agglutinability with the sera K88, K99, and KH-III. The latter pointed to the presence of a factor of unknown nature in the nephropathogenic E. coli strains imparting adhesive properties to bacteria.
 ...
PMID:[Characteristics of microbial cultures in bacteriuria and various data on the immunological reaction in children with pyelonephritis]. 33 27

Twenty-three isolates of Achromobacter species (CDC group Vd) were examined morphologically and biochemically. Gram stains revealed gram-variable bacilli frequently curved or hooked at one pole and often coryneform in shape and arrangement. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of extracellular material in polar accumulations and demonstrated the polar flagella arrangement seen by light microscopy to be lateral. Two colony types were produced; one was minute and watery at 24 h (35 degrees C) progressing to large, mucoid colonies at 48 h, and the other type was shiny, glistening, opaque but nonmucoid. All isolates grew on MacConkey agar and produced catalase, oxidase, and urease. Most grew on salmonella-shigella agar, reduced nitrate to nitrite and gas, hydrolyzed esculin, deaminated phenylalanine (2 to 4 days) and produced H2S in triple sugar iron agar (4 to 12 days). Oxidation of carbohydrates was weak, delayed, and limited to glucose and xylose. Two isolates also oxidized maltose, mannitol, and sucrose. The ability of miniaturized "nonfermenter" kits to identify Achromobacter species was tested. The Minitek (Baltimore Biological Laboratory, Cockeysville, Md.) and N/F (Corning, Roslyn, N.Y.) systems, respectively, identified 21 and 19 of the 23 isolates, whereas the Oxi/Ferm (Roche, Nutley, N.J.) identified 13 and the API 20E (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) identified only 3.
 ...
PMID:Achromobacter species (CDC group Vd): morphological and biochemical characterization. 37 35

Algorhythm and a program for identification of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, based on Edwards and Ewing's diagnostic scheme, were worked out. Use of this program permitted to analyze different sets of abbreviated biochemical tests. To determine the genera and species of enterobacteria a minimal set of 11 tests is suggested, including indol formation, Voges-Proskauer's reaction, the presence of urease enzymes, gelatinase, lysine decraboxylase, phenylalanine deaminase, glucose fermentation (gas), or lactose, inosite, sorbit, arabinose, rhamnose. The program admits increase of both the biochemical tests, and toxonomic groups of bacteria, this permitting to consider several families. The presence of strains deviating by properties from this scheme points to the necessity of further improvement of diagnostic schemes for the enterobacteria identification.
 ...
PMID:[Use of a computer for the purpose of identifying bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the determination of the minimal set of differential tests]. 38 11

The possibility to keep some biochemical reactions of the parent strains (urease-positive, glucose fermentation, phenylalanine-deaminase-positive, H2S but not indol production) was demonstrated in 5 L-forms, obtained from as many strains of Pr. mirabilis and in 1 L-form, isolated from a vaginal secretion and identified as belonging to the same species. The indirect hemagglutination technique, made by the sonicated antigen in 3 of the 6 L-forms with Proteus OXK antiserum, resulted positive in titers varying from 1:128 to 1:1024. Crossed tests made with antisera for different bacterial species (e. coli, Shigella, klebsiella, ecc.) and of Mycoplasma (M. hominis, M. orale, M. salivarium, M. fermentans, M. arthritidis) put in evidence aspecific reactions only in 1.3% of the bacterial antisera. On the contrary, all 5 antisera for Mycoplasma were able to agglutinate the sensitized erythrocytes at titers quite analogous to that of the homologous antiserum. The sensitivities to various antibiotics of the 6 L-forms and the parent strains has been determined. All of L-forms were more resistent to the tetracycline than L-forms of other bacterial species. On the basis of te results got by biochemical and serological tests, we confirm the necessity to make use of both the groups of tests, in order to identify the L-forms of recent isolation.
 ...
PMID:[Researches on some biochemical and serological properties and on the sensitivity to antibiotics of L-forms of "Proteus" (author's transl)]. 40 87

The isolation, characterization, and identification of a microorganism isolated from gastrointestinal tracts of rabbits with mucoid enteritis are described. The isolated organism did not grow on standard media. This organism grew around colonies of Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus desidiosus and around disks saturated with diphosphopyridin nucleotide (factor V) on brain heart infusion agar. The growth of this organism was also observed on media supplemented with beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The organism appeared as gram-negative, pleomorphic rods or coccobacilli. It was positive for urease, oxidase, catalase, glycosidases, porphyrin, and indole, and it fermented glucose and sucrose. All of these characteristics suggest that the organism is a member of the genus Haemophilus. Because of its isolation from rabbits and differences in some characteristics from other species of this genus, the name Haemophilus paracuniculus is proposed for this organism.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of a Haemophilus paracuniculus isolated from gastrointestinal tracts of rabbits with mucoid enteritis. 42 39

A microencapsulated multienzyme system containing urease, glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase has been used to convert urea and ammonia into an amino acid. The effect of two different glucose dehydrogenases was studied in detail. High-specific-activity glucose dehydrogenase requires minimal cofactor and glucose and can greatly facilitate the further development of this approach for possible clinical applications.
 ...
PMID:Effects of glucose dehydrogenase in converting urea and ammonia into amino acid using artificial cells. 43 22

A simple device, consisting of a heat sensor placed in close contact to fibres containing enzymes and connected to a temperature measuring unit has been developed. The system monitors the temperature variations due to the enzymatic reaction when substrate solutions flow through the measuring cell. Fibres containing the enzymes glucose oxidase and catalase for the determination of glucose and fibres containing urease for the determination of urea were tested. A linear relationship between the substrate concentration and the deltaT recorded was obtained in both cases.
 ...
PMID:Monitoring of metabolites applying fibre-entrapped enzymes in a calorimetric system. I -- Glucose and urea determination. 46 7

We describe the use of immobilized enzymes in assay methods for the determination of glucose with glucose oxidase, uric acid with uricase, and urea with urease in serum samples. The enzyme reactor tubes were adapted to continuous-flow analyzers (Technicon AA II, SMA 12/60, and SMAC) used in routine laboratory determinations, and results with their use were compared to those from assays involving soluble enzymes. We substituted the reactors for the free enzyme reagents in the respective channels of the SMA 12/60 and SMAC, without modifying the parameters of the remaining channels. We compared assay sensitivity, precision, and carryover for immobilized and conventional liquid enzymes. Immobilized enzyme reactors provide accurate, reliable, convenient, and economical alternatives to the use of free enzyme reagents in these systems.
 ...
PMID:The use of immobilized enzyme reactors in continuous-flow analyzers for the determination of glucose, urea, and uric acid. 47 24


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>