Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric biopsies were obtained from 125 subjects to compare detection of Helicobacter pylori by culture, a rapid urease test and histopathologic examination using haematoxylin-eosin, Gram, Giemsa, Warthin-Starry silver and acridine orange stains. Helicobacter pylori was isolated from 39 specimens. Acridine orange and Giemsa were the most sensitive stains, detecting 85% and 79% of positive specimens respectively. All stains showed high specificity (97-100%). The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid urease test was 62% and 100% respectively. These stains or the rapid urease test may be useful for rapid detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies.
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PMID:Comparison of four stains and a urease test for rapid detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies. 169 73

Lactic acid production, urease activity and genetic stability were investigated in five selected rumen strains of Enterococcus faecium. The average value of urease activity in the tested strains was 16.5 +/- 0.953 nkat per ml, two strains were urease-negative. The values of E. faecium strains produced lactic acid ranged from 1.087 +/- 0.134 to 1.787 +/- 0.213 mmol per 1 l. Cultivation of the strains in ethidium bromide (EB) eliminated urease activity of these strains already in the first subculture, but the elimination effects of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and acridine orange (AO) were manifested later on (1-8 subcultures). Lactic acid production was eliminated in all strains from 1st to 8th subculture after cultivation in SDS, EB and also AO.
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PMID:[Lactic acid production and urease activity in strains of Enterococcus faecium found in the rumen and their genetic stability]. 180 29

Campylobacter pylori has been associated with gastro-duodenal inflammatory disease. Ninety-five adults with dyspepsia were examined for the presence of C. pylori in the gastric antrum and near gastric or duodenal ulcers (when present) by means of culture, Gram and acridine orange stains, and urease activity of biopsies. C. pylori was identified from 51 out of 67 patients with chronic gastritis, from 9 out of 9 patients with duodenal ulcer, and from 8 out of 10 patients with gastric ulcer. Acridine orange stain revealed the highest number of positive cases, followed by culture, Gram stain and urease test. The latter showed a 100% specificity when carried out with a selective urea broth containing colistin, trimethoprim, vancomycin and amphotericin B. It has to be considered a further diagnostic tool which enables clinicians and microbiologists to diagnose the etiology of a dyspeptic syndrome even at the patient's bedside.
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PMID:[Comparison of methods for the identification of Campylobacter pylori in gastric biopsies of patients with dyspepsia]. 245 24

Thirty-nine single antral biopsies (phase 1) and 99 sets of six antral biopsies (phase 2) were collected from 132 patients, and 87 (63%) yielded positive cultures for Campylobacter pylori. Of several primary media tested in phase 1, tryptic soy agar and Skirrow agar, each supplemented with 10% whole sheep blood, supported relatively good growth of C. pylori. In phase 2, four of the six biopsies in each set were tested with different urease systems. Selective urea agar for rapid identification was the most sensitive (39 of 63 [62%] at 1 h) and specific (100%); however, the difference between this system and the CLOtest was not statistically significant. The remaining two biopsies, one transported in saline and the other transported in a supplemented tryptic soy broth, were ground separately and inoculated onto tryptic soy agar and Skirrow agar, each supplemented with 10% whole sheep blood. In selected instances, 10% horse serum or 10% horse serum and 5 mM urea or 1% cholesterol were also added to the media. Smears stained with a modified Gram stain or acridine orange detected 68% of 63 culture-positive biopsies; no false-positive results were reported. Skirrow agar supported better growth of C. pylori than did tryptic soy agar; the nonselective medium was also overgrown with contaminants in 25 to 30% of the positive cultures. Based on colony size, Skirrow agar supplemented with 10% whole sheep blood, 10% horse serum, and 1% cholesterol supported optimal growth of C. pylori. Fresh media supported better growth than did prepoured commercial media (P less than or equal to 0.004). Saline was a convenient and satisfactory transport medium for antral biopsies.
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PMID:Comparison of rapid urease tests, staining techniques, and growth on different solid media for detection of Campylobacter pylori. 247 24

We investigated the distribution and prevalence of Campylobacter pylori in the stomach and duodenum. In this study, 500 biopsy specimens were obtained from 245 patients. In each case, biopsy specimens were taken from more than 2 sites. C. pylori was detected by culture, urease test and acridine-orange stain. C. pylori was not detected on the intestinal metaplasia, gastric cancer tissue and duodenal mucosa without gastric metaplasia. In 21% of cases, C. pylori was detected in only one site. Because of the patchy distribution of C. pylori, more than 2 biopsy specimens from different sites were needed to avoid sampling error. Detection rate of C. pylori was almost equal in antrum, angle and body as well as in male and female. H2 receptor antagonists did not affect the detection rate of C. pylori. According to the endoscopic diagnosis of the biopsied site, C. pylori was detected in 87% of gastric ulcer, 60% of duodenal ulcer (duodenal mucosa with gastric metaplasia), 73% of chronic gastritis and 62% of endoscopically normal gastric mucosa.
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PMID:[Distribution and prevalence of Campylobacter pylori in the stomach]. 257 39

To investigate the prevalence of Campylobacter pylori (CP) and its association with histological inflammatory grading and intestinal metaplasia, biopsies were carried out in 388 patients with gastro-duodenal diseases from 2 sites in the stomach (body and antrum). In each case, 3 biopsy specimens were taken from each site for culture, acridine orange stain and urease test. CP was detected in 55% of 22 endoscopically normal patients, in 47% of 17 gastric cancer patients, in 73% of 205 gastritis patients in 91% of 99 gastric ulcer patients and in 100% of 45 duodenal ulcer patients. In gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer patients, CP detection rate was significantly higher than in endoscopically normal patients (p less than 0.01). There was no difference in CP detection rate irrespective of ulcer stage (active, healing or scar). According to the histological gradings of inflammation (Warren's criteria), CP was detected in only 3% in grade 0-I, 20% in grade II and 83% in grade III. It was found that a close association between CP and histological gastritis with polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration exists (p less than 0.001). In a few cases, CP was found even in the areas of intestinal metaplasia. But the number of CP in the areas of intestinal metaplasia were fewer than in the areas of surrounding inflamed gastric mucosa. In most cases, CP was not seen in the areas of intestinal metaplasia, but was found in the areas of surrounding inflamed gastric mucosa in the same biopsy specimen.
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PMID:[Campylobacter pylori in gastro-duodenal diseases, with special reference to endoscopic diagnosis, histological inflammatory grading, and intestinal metaplasia]. 279 52

A series of 72 adult patients undergoing 76 upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies because of GI signs or symptoms were studied for the presence of Campylobacter pylori by culture, histology, and rapid urease determination of gastric antral biopsy specimens. C. pylori was found by culture or histology in all 10 cases of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and in 77% of endoscopies with histologically proven active gastritis. Positive culture for C. pylori was highly correlated pathologically with active gastritis, but not endoscopically, and was rarely seen in the absence of acute inflammation on biopsy. There was no correlation between C. pylori and alcohol ingestion, smoking, age, sex, antibiotics, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. The rapid urease test was positive in 70% of cases with positive cultures and 89% with positive cultures or acridine orange stains. Acridine orange-stained histological samples were positive in 97% of cases with positive cultures. In addition, 31% of endoscopies with negative cultures were also positive by acridine orange stain. Acridine orange stain, culture, and urease reaction of antral mucosal biopsies all are effective methods for demonstration of mucosal C. pylori-like organisms. However, of the three methods used, acridine orange staining is positive in the largest group of patients and is the most sensitive method for detecting colonization of gastric antral mucosa. In general, positive urease and culture identify those patients with larger numbers of organisms on the mucosa. Differences in urease and culture positivity from case to case suggest that factors other than numbers of organisms, such as viability and urease levels, affect the results. All these results support a role for C. pylori as an aggressive factor in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis.
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PMID:Campylobacter pylori and gastroduodenal disease: a prospective endoscopic study and comparison of diagnostic tests. 305 42

Recent experience with the gastritis-associated organism Campylobacter pylori is reviewed, placing special emphasis on pathologic aspects. C. pylori is a spiral, gram-negative, urease-producing bacillus that has been found to infect the stomach in many people. C. pylori organisms are readily seen overlying the gastric epithelium, often in large numbers. Demonstration in gastric biopsies with silver stains is most vivid, but other faster, simpler stains such as Giemsa, acridine orange, and, at times, hematoxylin-eosin are satisfactory for routine purposes. The frequent occurrence of C. pylori in persons with chronic active gastritis has been confirmed in medical centers around the world. In addition, epidemiological, serological, pathological, and clinical observations suggest that C. pylori infection occurs in stomachs of duodenal ulcer patients with a frequency approaching 100%, and the infection may be relevant to pathogenesis or therapeutic response in duodenal ulcer disease. C. pylori probably also causes an acute infectious gastritis associated with hypochlorhydria. C. pylori still requires extensive investigation to establish its pathogenic role in upper gastrointestinal disorders, but evidence continues to accumulate that such a role exists and that it may be important.
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PMID:Campylobacter pylori: a newly recognized infectious agent in the gastrointestinal tract. 328 85

Relatives of Helicobacter pylori positive patients show a higher incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection than the general population, probably due to relapses and/or reinfections between members of the family. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the infection in 121 relatives of 41 children with Helicobacter pylori positive gastritis. Specific IgG antibodies (ELISA) were evaluated, and bacteria on gastric biopsy specimens were investigated by urease-rapid test, culture test and GIEMSA or acridine orange staining. Of the eighty-two relatives, 68% were antibody positive. Thirty-five agreed to undergo endoscopy. With the exception of one brother, all subjects (97%) were found to be infected by Helicobacter pylori. Two symptomatic relatives, with normal antibody titres, were submitted to endoscopy and found to be colonized by Helicobacter pylori. The present data confirm the high prevalence of infection within families and appear to demonstrate the usefulness of endoscopy for all subjects showing positive antibody titres as well as for symptomatic relatives, even if serologically negative, to confirm the presence of any pathological conditions and reduce the risk of relapses within families.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection in families of Helicobacter pylori-positive children. 913 96

Cell surface proteins of the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori extracted during different in vitro growth phases were analyzed by one- and two-dimensional gelelectrophoresis (1-DE and 2-DE) and by 2-DE immunoblot. Broth-cultured H. pylori cells were stained with an acridine-orange dye to monitor the morphological status of the organism. In 2-day-cultures, 96% of the bacterial cells were spiral-shaped and four days later a morphological switch to coccoid forms occurred. In 10-day cultures spiral-shaped forms were not found. By 1-DE, proteins with the molecular masses of 87 and 120 kDa were detected in the 2-day cultures that disappeared in cells of 12-day cultures. A protein corresponding in size to the heat shock protein (GroEl homolog, Hsp60) and a 62 kDa protein, the ureaseB-subunit, were identified in extracted proteins of 2-, 8-, and 12-day cultures. 2-DE revealed an increased number of silver-stained spots of 8-day cultures (in average 250 spots) compared with protein extracted from 2-day cells (in average 160 spots). 2-DE immunoblots performed with sera containing antibodies to major H. pylori proteins such as the A- and B-subunits of urease and the Hsp60 showed similar reactivity to surface proteins extracted from 2-, 8-, and 12-day cultures, suggesting that these proteins remain immunologically intact. Pooled sera from infected patients absorbed with spiral-shaped cells showed an almost total blocking of the antibody reactivity to extracted coccoid proteins in 2-DE immunoblot. Eighteen spots were still visible, but this reactivity probably represents a solid overexpression by the coccoid cells of Hsp60 and ureaseB proteins and is thus difficult to block.
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PMID:Two-dimensional electrophoretic and immunoblot analysis of cell surface proteins of spiral-shaped and coccoid forms of Helicobacter pylori. 1094 44


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