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Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 503 veterinary enteric bacterial pathogens obtained from state veterinary diagnostic laboratories were tested on API 20E strips to determine whether this rapid microidentification system could be utilized for veterinary clinical microbiology. The API 20E strip accurately identified 96% of the veterinary isolates and misidentified 3%. Identifications by the API system and the diagnostic laboratories were in agreement in 85% of the isolates, disagreement on 16% of the isolates, and 1% were not identified by the API strip. Differences in identification occurred primarily in distinguishing between Klebsiella and Enterobacter and between Enterobacter and Escherichia coli. These disagreements were most often due to incorrect identifications by the diagnostic laboratory rather than by the API system. Biotype differences between human and veterinary isolates were compared. Significant differences were noted in several biochemical reactions. The main differences observed for E. coli isolates were in ornithine decarboxylase production and melibiose fermentation. The largest differences for Salmonella occurred in arginine dihydrolase production, citrate utilization, and inositol fermentation, whereas for Klebsiella pneumoniae the main differences were noted in urease production and nitrate reduction. These biotype differences, however, did not affect the accurate identification of organisms on the API strip.
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PMID:Use of the API 20E system to identify veterinary Enterobacteriaceae. 699 12

Twenty coded strains of the following species: Mycobacterium avium, M. fortuitum, M. gordonae, M. chelonei, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. nonchromogenicum, M. scrofulaceum, M. terrae, M. triviale and M. xenopi, were subjected to identification in a co-operative study undertaken by seven laboratories of four countries (CSSR, GDR, PRP and USSR). Three of these laboratories recognized 18-19 (90-95%) of the strains, three others 15-17 (75-85%) and one laboratory recognized 8 (40%) strains. In the correctly identified species, agreement between the tests used by all participants was evaluated. The highest rates of agreement in positive or negative results (04-100%) were obtained for nitrate reduction, detection of arylsulphatase, urease and nicotinamidase in M. kansasii, M. avium-intracellulare and M. fortuitum.
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PMID:Agreement and disagreement between laboratories in species identification of mycobacteria. 702 35

A mycobacterial strain known as Mycobacterial strain W was analysed for its growth characteristics and biochemical traits. This strain was found to be a rapid grower, with luxurient growth on Lowenstein-Jensen medium, Dubos agar, Middlebrook's agar and Sauton's medium. Colonies were smooth, convex and nonpigmented. Some of the colonies which appeared rough were similar to smooth colonies at least in biochemical characteristics. This organism was tolerant to wide range of temperatures and to chemical substances like thiophene - carboxylic acid hydrazide, isoniazid, sodium chloride but not to bile salts. It was negative for niacin production, for various amidases, urease production, 3 day arylsulfatase test and also for Tween 80 hydrolysis. On the other hand this strain was found to be positive for semiquantitative catalase, heat resistant catalase, nitrate reduction, sodium salicylate degradation, tellurite reduction, 14 day arylsulfatase test and fermentation of fructose. This organism could utilize sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite as sources of nitrogen but didn't exhibit any utilization of fructose, arabinose as only sources of carbon. Significance of these findings is discussed.
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PMID:A report on the biochemical analysis of Mycobacterium W. 702 33

A new yeast, Torulopsis ethanolitolerans and its variety minor, both isolated from industrial sulphite fodder yeast cultivated on synthetic ethanol as the only source of carbon, originally designated R 5, R 6 and the variety R 7, are described. This species differs from all recently accepted Torulopsis species (resp., Candida species), which do not assimilate nitrate, not ferment any sugars, not produce urease, by the assimilation of maltose, but not of sucrose, lactose and D-xylose.
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PMID:Torulopsis ethanolitolerans n. sp. and T. ethanolitolerans var. minor n. var. 719 87

A new yeast, Candida ethanolica, isolated from industrial fodder yeast cultivated on synthetic ethanol as the only source of carbon, originally designated III-5 and III-6, is described. This species differs from all recently accepted Candida species in not assimilating nitrate, not producing urease and not fermenting sugars.
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PMID:Candida ethanolica n. sp. 721 Jul 8

This study is an attempt to analyze the various polymer-solvent compositions for preparing collodion membrane artificial cells for biomedical applications. Cellulose nitrate was disolved in different mixtures of alcohol-ether solutions and used for microencapsulation. The most optimal solvent solution consisted of 4 g% cellulose nitrate in 17.5% (volume) alcohol and 82.5% (volume) ether. The urease microcapsules prepared this way showed no leakage of enzyme under test conditions. Having established the optimal polymer-solvent compositions, an easier and more reproducible procedure has been established for preparing collodion membrane artificial cells.
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PMID:The effects of polymer-solvent compositions on the formation of collodion membrane artificial cells. 740 89

A method is described for a new combined enzyme-charcoal system. A model enzyme, urease, was adsorbed on activated charcoal granules which was then coated with ultrathin cellulose nitrate. The assayed activity of this immobilized enzyme was 28.1% /+- 3.12% (mean /+- S.D.) of the activity of urease in solution. The enzyme did not leak out after immobilization and worked efficiently. The assayed urease activity increased with greater amounts of urease/gm immobilized enzyme, but reached a plateau after 40 sumner units/gm. Immobilized urease has good storage and operational stabilities at refrigerator, room and body temperatures. In-vivo studies show that about 90% conversion urea in one single pass is possible.
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PMID:A new combined enzyme-charcoal system adsorption on charcoal followed by polymer coating. 746 72

Previously, nine fecal isolates from wild birds and a domestic swine were identified as helicobacters by phenotypic characterization and reaction with a helicobacter genus-specific DNA probe. These isolates fell into three biotypes by analysis of phenotypic traits. To further characterize these isolates, full 16S rRNA sequences were determined for strains representing each biotype, and sequence comparison indicated that the strains represented three novel, phylogenetically defined Helicobacter species. Three 16S rRNA-based DNA probes were designed and used to identify the remaining strains. Probe reactivity divided the strains into the same three groups identified phenotypically. Six of the isolates represented a new species of the genus Helicobacter for which we propose the name Helicobacter pametensis sp. nov. The following phenotypic features distinguished H. pametensis from other Helicobacter and Campylobacter species: positive tests for oxidase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, nitrate reduction, growth at 42 degrees C, and growth in the presence of 1% glycine; negative tests for urease, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, indoxyl acetate hydrolysis, and hippurate hydrolysis; and susceptibility to nalidixic acid and cephalothin. H. pametensis cells were motile and possessed one subterminal sheathed flagellum at each end. The two additional Helicobacter species were similar to H. pametensis except that they were urease positive, hydrolyzed indoxyl acetate, and were resistant to cephalothin. Because these two additional species are phenotypically similar and are represented by only two isolates for one species and one isolate for the other, they are not formally named but are referred to as Helicobacter sp. "Bird-B" and Helicobacter sp. "Bird-C."(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Phylogeny of Helicobacter isolates from bird and swine feces and description of Helicobacter pametensis sp. nov. 752 Jul 43

A gram-negative, anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium that fermented succinate quantitatively to propionate was isolated from a high dilution of rumen ingesta obtained from a dairy cow fed a production diet containing grass silage as the main roughage source. This organism did not grow on any of the following energy sources: 12 carbohydrates, pyruvate, lactate, 7 dicarboxylic acids, aspartate, citrate, and trans-aconitate. Both rumen fluid and yeast extract were necessary for good growth on succinate. The organism was negative for the following characteristics: production of propionate from threonine, protein digestion, sulfide production, nitrate reduction, catalase activity, and urease activity. There was no growth at 22 degrees C and reduced growth at 45 degrees C compared with growth at 39 degrees C. The DNA base composition was 52 mol% G + C. The complete 16S rRNA sequence (EMBL accession number, X81137) was obtained, and the phylogenetic relationships of the organism were determined. The most closely related genera were the genera Acidaminococcus and Phascolarctobacterium. The name proposed for this bacterium is Succiniclasticum ruminis gen. nov., sp. nov.; the type strain is strain SE10 (= DSM 9236). Additional isolation attempts revealed that S. ruminis is a common inhabitant of the rumina of cows that are fed production diets and of cows on pasture.
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PMID:Succiniclasticum ruminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a ruminal bacterium converting succinate to propionate as the sole energy-yielding mechanism. 753 62

A culture isolated from an aborted fetus of a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) was characterized. The isolate was a gram-negative coccobacillus, and the colonial morphology was typical of a smooth Brucella. The isolate was positive for catalase, oxidase, nitrate reduction, and urease. Hydrogen sulfide was not produced. It grew in air at 37 C but required 72 hours for good growth. There was growth on media containing basic fuchsin, thionin, thionin blue, penicillin, and erythritol. The M antigen was dominant, and the isolate was lysed by 4 of 10 brucellaphages tested. The oxidative metabolic profile of the isolate was similar to that for B. abortus but differed in utilization of L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, and DL-citrulline. Whole-cell lysates were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein profiles were markedly different from the protein profiles of reference strains of Brucella species. Biochemical and oxidative metabolism profiles indicated that the isolate belongs in the genus Brucella but did not match the profiles of any established species or biovars. This isolate may be an atypical strain of a recognized Brucella species or a new biovar or species of Brucella.
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PMID:Characteristics of a Brucella species from a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). 785 24


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