Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-four lactose-fermenting, urease-producing strains of beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli were isolated from a variety of clinical material. All isolates were indole positive, citrate negative, and produced the characteristic green metallic sheen on eosin-methylene blue agar.
 ...
PMID:Urease production from clinical isolates of beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli. 35 96

Constitutivity for the synthesis of the urea amidolyase bienzymatic complex is obtained by durOh mutations located in the regulatory genetic region adjacent to the dur1, dur2 gene cluster. The durOh mutations act only in cis and are a new case of cis effect strongly cancelled in alpha/a diploid, similar to cargA+Oh mutation shown previously to lead to arginase constitutivity. Illegitimate diploids do not show such a cancellation of constitutivity. The constitutivity produced by durOh mutation comprises the process of induction and the release of the glutamine effect. It does not impair the NH+4 effect.
 ...
PMID:The regulation of urea amidolyase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: mating type influence on a constitutivity mutation acting in cis. 36 77

In order to improve the isolation and identification of yeasts in a cancer research hospital, a protocol was developed utilizing an improved blood culture methodology and a four-test schema for rapid yeast identification. The blood culturing technique, based upon centrifugation, has shown a ten-fold increase in isolation of fungi from blood and has provided for: quantitation or organisms, unlimited selection of media and atmospheres for primary culturing, and a 1:200 dilution of microorganisms away from serum antimicrobial factors and antibiotics. The four-test schema, which may be adapted for the identification of any unknown yeast in pure culture, consists of a dye pour plate auxanogram (DPPA), Tween 80-Oxgall-Caffeic acid (TOC), a rapid nitrate-reductase test (swab test) and Urea 'R' Broth. Using this protocol, over 95% of the clinical isolates received were correctly identified within 24 hours and 100% by 48 hours. By using DPPA, a 14 sugar assimilation pattern for each isolate was determined within 12 to 16 hours; and in some cases, as little as 6 hours. Growth on TOC yielded one of the following results: (1) Candida albicans and Candida stellatoidea sequentially produced germ tubes and chlamydospores in 3 hours and 24 hours, respectively; (2) Cryptococcus neoformans produced a brown pigment specific for its identification in 12 hours or less. The swab test gave results on nitrate utilization in less than 15 minutes and urease was detected within 4 hours.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and rapid identification of yeasts from compromised hosts. 37 Jun

Twenty-three isolates of Achromobacter species (CDC group Vd) were examined morphologically and biochemically. Gram stains revealed gram-variable bacilli frequently curved or hooked at one pole and often coryneform in shape and arrangement. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of extracellular material in polar accumulations and demonstrated the polar flagella arrangement seen by light microscopy to be lateral. Two colony types were produced; one was minute and watery at 24 h (35 degrees C) progressing to large, mucoid colonies at 48 h, and the other type was shiny, glistening, opaque but nonmucoid. All isolates grew on MacConkey agar and produced catalase, oxidase, and urease. Most grew on salmonella-shigella agar, reduced nitrate to nitrite and gas, hydrolyzed esculin, deaminated phenylalanine (2 to 4 days) and produced H2S in triple sugar iron agar (4 to 12 days). Oxidation of carbohydrates was weak, delayed, and limited to glucose and xylose. Two isolates also oxidized maltose, mannitol, and sucrose. The ability of miniaturized "nonfermenter" kits to identify Achromobacter species was tested. The Minitek (Baltimore Biological Laboratory, Cockeysville, Md.) and N/F (Corning, Roslyn, N.Y.) systems, respectively, identified 21 and 19 of the 23 isolates, whereas the Oxi/Ferm (Roche, Nutley, N.J.) identified 13 and the API 20E (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) identified only 3.
 ...
PMID:Achromobacter species (CDC group Vd): morphological and biochemical characterization. 37 35

Bacteria induce urinary crystallization of struvite and carbonate-apatite as a by-product of ureolysis by urease. Eradication of infection and/or inhibition of urease with acetohydroxamic acid for 5 to 30 months retarded stone growth and brought about partial or complete dissolution of stones in 9 patients. Long-term chemotherapy with antimicrobial agents that achieve sterile urine or acetohydroxamic acid in those patients with recalcitrant infection lessens the risk of recurrent calculogenesis.
 ...
PMID:Adjunctive chemotherapy of infection-induced staghorn calculi. 38 Jan 9

Algorhythm and a program for identification of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, based on Edwards and Ewing's diagnostic scheme, were worked out. Use of this program permitted to analyze different sets of abbreviated biochemical tests. To determine the genera and species of enterobacteria a minimal set of 11 tests is suggested, including indol formation, Voges-Proskauer's reaction, the presence of urease enzymes, gelatinase, lysine decraboxylase, phenylalanine deaminase, glucose fermentation (gas), or lactose, inosite, sorbit, arabinose, rhamnose. The program admits increase of both the biochemical tests, and toxonomic groups of bacteria, this permitting to consider several families. The presence of strains deviating by properties from this scheme points to the necessity of further improvement of diagnostic schemes for the enterobacteria identification.
 ...
PMID:[Use of a computer for the purpose of identifying bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the determination of the minimal set of differential tests]. 38 11

The Micro-ID system for rapid (4 h) identification of Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated by testing 433 enteric bacilli and 9 other gram-negative bacilli. Each isolate was identified with conventional tubed media and was also tested in the Micro-ID and API 20E systems. The overall accuracy of both systems was 97%. Micro-ID tests for the Voges-Proskauer reaction, indole and H2S production, and ornithine and lysine decarboxylase all demonstrated a 97 to 99% correlation with conventional methods. Only 86% of the Micro-ID urease tests agreed with Christenson urea agar. Two inoculum densities were tested in Micro-ID panels, with 157 stock cultures. Over 90% of the tests were unaffected by changes in inoculum density. Tests with four control strains suggested that the Micro-ID system was more reproducible when a light inoculum was used. The Micro-ID system was found to be a very convenient method for rapid, accurate, and precise identification of the Enterobacteriaceae.
 ...
PMID:Rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae with the micro-ID system versus API 20E and conventional media. 38 17

The new API 20C yeast identification system together with appropriate microscopic morphology determinations achieved a 97% correlation with a rapid conventional method. Whereas a group composed of Candida, Torulopsis, Saccharomyces, and Rhodotorula was identified with ease (98% overall correlation), a second group, containing Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, and Geotrichum species, appeared to give the system the most difficulty (90% correlation). Within this group particular difficulty was encountered in identifying varieties of Cryptococcus albidus, C. terreus, C. laurentii, Trichosporon beigelli, and Geotrichum spp. as to species. The API 20C system should be incubated the full 72 h prescribed by the manufacturer. However, when used in conjunction with appropriate morphological tests, presumptive identifications of some Candida and Torulopsis species may be made at 24 to 48 h. To facilitate identifications of the more difficult group of yeasts, ancillary tests for determining nitrate reductase, urease, and phenol oxidase activities should be considered as additions to the strip. Incorporating the phenol oxidase test would be especially important for identification of Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast which should be identified as quickly and as accurately as possible. The API 20C system with computer assistance has proved to be an easy-to-inoculate, versatile, and fairly rapid method of yeast identification, giving results comparable to those obtained by conventional methodologies.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of the new API 20C strip for yeast identification against a conventional method. 38 21

A rapid simplified screening method that selectively detected the urease activity of 99.6% of 286 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans within 15 min was developed for use in clinical microbiology laboratories.
 ...
PMID:Rapid selective urease test for presumptive identification of Cryptococcus neoformans. 38 22

Urinary stones form as a consequence of urinary supersaturation. Supersaturation occurs as a result of elevated concentrations of urinary solutes. Dietary, metabolic, endocrine, hereditary, and infectious processes alter urinary solute concentrations. Struvite (MgNH4PO. 6H2O) and carbonate-apatite [Ca10(PO4)6CO3] stones form in urine that becomes supersaturated as a by-product of the hydrolysis of urea by the bacterial enzyme urease. Urease-induced stones manifest primarily as branched renal calculi and as bladder calculi. Conventional therapy has usually consisted of surgical removal of the stone combined with a short course of antimicrobial therapy. Such treatment is curative in about 50% of cases. Recurrent stone formation and progressive pyelonephritis occur in those who are not cured. Adjunctive medical treatment with acetohydroxamic acid or hydroxyurea lessens the risk of calculogenesis and decreases growth of residual stones in patients who are not cured by conventional therapy. Patients with urea-splitting urinary infection and renal stones have a major life-threatening disease. The morbidity and expense that result from this disease are great. Long-term (perhaps lifetime) chemotherapy with antimicrobial agents and/or urease-inhibiting drugs combined with judicious and expert surgical intervention can be expected to significantly improve the plight of these unfortunate patients.
 ...
PMID:Urease stones. 38 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>