Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tests of the PathoTec system intended for express bacteriological diagnosis were checked in comparative experiments with the common biochemical methods. Cultures of the following microbes were used: Schigella, Salmonella, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Bordetella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus. In a number of tests, such as determination of cytochromoxidase, nitrate reduciase, phenylalaninedeaminase, indol, acetoin (for the differentiation of enterobacteria), detection of plasmocoagulation and mannite fermentation (for staphylococci) there was revealed a complete coincidence of the results. However, discrepancies were revealed with three of the reagents tested (for lysine decarboxylase, urease, citrate utilization) with regard to some groups of enterobacteria. The advantages of the PathoTec system consisted in more rapid results, simplicity of procedures, economy of media and ware.
...
PMID:[Checking the reliability of the PathoTec biochemical test system for bacterial identification]. 32 64

The Micro-ID system for rapid (4 h) identification of Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated by testing 433 enteric bacilli and 9 other gram-negative bacilli. Each isolate was identified with conventional tubed media and was also tested in the Micro-ID and API 20E systems. The overall accuracy of both systems was 97%. Micro-ID tests for the Voges-Proskauer reaction, indole and H2S production, and ornithine and lysine decarboxylase all demonstrated a 97 to 99% correlation with conventional methods. Only 86% of the Micro-ID urease tests agreed with Christenson urea agar. Two inoculum densities were tested in Micro-ID panels, with 157 stock cultures. Over 90% of the tests were unaffected by changes in inoculum density. Tests with four control strains suggested that the Micro-ID system was more reproducible when a light inoculum was used. The Micro-ID system was found to be a very convenient method for rapid, accurate, and precise identification of the Enterobacteriaceae.
...
PMID:Rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae with the micro-ID system versus API 20E and conventional media. 38 17

The enzymes used in the identification of Gram negative bacteria belonging to the families of Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae, Parvobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and to the genera Alteromonas, Xanthomonas, Alkaligenes, Flavobacterium are classified arbitrarily by the author into enzymes essential for the diagnosis of the family (oxidase, nitratase), enzymes useful in the diagnosis of the genus or the species (ONPG-hydrolase, urease, oxidative desaminase, lysine decarboxylase and ornithine, arginine dihydrolase, thiosulphate reductase, pectinase), and into enzymes sought to confirm the diagnosis (tetrathionate reductase, gelatinase, lipase, DNase, amylase, beta-xylosidase, lecithinase). The technics permitting their identification are described and their distribution in the species and genera studied is reported.
...
PMID:[Research technics of enzymes used in the diagnosis of gram negative bacteria (author's transl)]. 74 48

The diagnosis of obligately aerobic Gram-negative rods in the clinical laboratory may encounter difficulties since media used for Enterobacteriacae are only partially usable for the diagnosis of this group of bacteria (Psuedomonas, Xanthomonas, Alcaligenes, Achromobacter, Brucella, Bordetella, Flavobacterium, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, and some still unnamed taxa). We have developed a diagnostic scheme, based on recent publications in the field and representing an extension of earlier tables from this and other laboratories, which attempts to classify a maximal number of obligately aerobic Gram-negative rods with a minimal number of tests. The scheme, employed on 4051 strains, used blood agar and MacConkey Agar as isolation media. Growth characteristics on these media and microscopic morphology may be of help, but only the type of growth on Triple Sugar Iron (or Kligler's) Agar is characteristic for the group as a whole (no growth in the butt, alkalinization or no pH change on the slant). A primary identification series employs tests for oxidase (Kovacs), oxidation of glucose and xylose (in OF medium), deoxyribonuclease and indole (in DNase Test Agar with Methyl Green), nitrate reduction (in Indole Nitrite Medium), motility (hanging drop), and fluorescein production (on Flo Agar). Results of Kirby-Bauer antimicrobial sensitivity testing serve as additional (colistin) or confirmatory criteria. Incubation is at 30 degrees C for 24-48 hrs. If a diagnosis is not possible than, a secondary series, including tests for lysine decarboxylase (tablets), 4 hr urease, esculin hydrolysis, growth at 42 C and on SS Agar, gelatin liquefaction, and flagellar staining may have to be used, and read after 4-24 hrs at 30 degrees C. Five tables, drawn up according to oxidase, glucose, and xylose reactions, serve to identify the species or taxa. Biotypes cannot be differentiated. The scheme will need updating as more knowledge of these bacteria will become available.
...
PMID:[Culture and differentiation of obligatory aerobic gram-negative rods from human material; a scheme for application in routine diagnosis (author's transl)]. 101 32

Foul hundred eighty-six members of the Enterobacteriaceae representing nine genera were identified by conventional methods, and the results were compared with MORLUC (Biotrol Company Inc., Jamaica, N.Y.). MORLUC, an acronym for melibiose, ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-beta-galactopyranoside), rhamnose, lysine decarboxylase, urease, and citrate, are six prepackaged reagent-impregnated paper loops which are sealed within a plastic packet. The hydrogen sulfide reaction obtained from a triple sugar iron slant is coupled with MORLUC results and is readily converted into a three-digit numerical code, which is referenced on a preprinted single page listing. Additionally, the triple sugar iron is used to confirm the glucose fermentation by an unknown isolate. Comparisons of individual MORLUC tests and standard methods results in a better than 92% agreement, except for unrease. Four hundred sixty-six of the 486 bacterial isolates, or 96% of the strains which were numerically identified by MORLUC, agreed with conventional diagnoses.
...
PMID:MORLUC numeric system for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae. 104 56

The MICRO-ID LISTERIA system, designed to identify Listeria isolates to species level within 24 h, was compared with conventional biochemical identification. MICRO-ID LISTERIA used in combination with the CAMP test correctly identified 409 (98.8%) of 414 strains isolated from human, animal, food, and environmental sources belonging to the seven species currently defined within the genus Listeria. The kit was easy to use and simple to interpret. However, 8 of the 15 tests (i.e., phenylalanine deaminase, hydrogen sulfide, indole, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, malonate, urease, and o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside) were considered superfluous for the differentiation of Listeria spp. The CAMP test was indispensable when using the MICRO-ID LISTERIA system, in particular to differentiate CAMP test-positive L. monocytogenes from the nonhemolytic, rhamnose-positive L. innocua. The hemolytic L. seeligeri and L. ivanovii strains and the nonhemolytic, non-rhamnose-acidifying L. welshimeri strains could also be differentiated from one another only on the basis of their CAMP test results. The very few strains of L. grayi and L. murrayi were easily differentiated from the other nonhemolytic species. Catalase-negative cocci should not be tested, because 12 out of 19 catalase-negative strains (all enterococci) in our test were misidentified as Listeria spp. The MICRO-ID LISTERIA system identified strains within 18 to 24 h and is thus less time-consuming than conventional tests. The system could, therefore, be used together with correctly done CAMP tests for the rapid identification of Listeria isolates, especially food and environmental isolates, for which rapid species differentiation is important.
...
PMID:Evaluation of the Organon-Teknika MICRO-ID LISTERIA system. 162 80

474 Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca strains isolated from different sources (human clinical material, feces of healthy subjects, sewage) were investigated for phenotypic properties. Characteristics analyzed were cultural activities, antimicrobial susceptibilities and capsule types. Comparison of both species revealed differences in adonitol fermentation and resistance to tetracycline, nalidixic and pipemidic acid. Capsule types 2, 7 and 33 were frequently found in K. pneumoniae, but not in K. oxytoca. On the other hand, K 66 was common in K. oxytoca, but not in K. pneumoniae. With regard to the source of isolation, clinical strains of both species proved to be more resistant to mezlocillin, azlocillin and cephalothin than fecal and sewage strains. Similarly, resistances of K. pneumoniae to cotrimoxazole, nalidixic and pipemidic acid were most frequent in clinical strains. Multiple drug resistances were found most often in clinical isolates. Biochemically, different frequencies of positive reactions for urease, lysine decarboxylase activity and acetoin production were found between the groups. Capsule typing demonstrated K2 and K7 in K. pneumoniae and K55 and K66 in K. oxytoca to be more common in clinical and fecal isolates than in sewage strains. While cultural characteristics did not allow discrimination of strains from different sources, capsule typing indicated clinical isolates to be more phenotypically related to strains from feces than to sewage isolates.
...
PMID:Phenotypic properties of Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca isolated from different sources. 220 Apr 23

A halophilic gram-negative rod was isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid collected from a 70-year-old male having no known contact with seafood or salt water. Positive biochemical tests included oxidase, sensitivity to 0/129, O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, lysine decarboxylase and fermentation of glucose, salicin, n-inositol, sucrose, L-mannose, L-arabinose, and arbutin. Negative tests included indole, ornithine decarboxylase, arginine dihydrolase fermentation of lactose, and production of gelatinase and urease. The DNA base composition was 45.0 mol% guanine plus cytosine. Numerical taxonomy indicated 70% similarity with known reference Vibrio sp. strains. The 5S rRNA sequence for this strain has been determined: 5'-U G C C U G G C G A C C A U A G C G U U U U G G A C C C A C C U G A U U C C A U G C C G A A C U C A G U A G U G A A A C G A A A C A G C G U C G A U G G U A G U G U G G G G U C U C C C C A U G U G A G A G U A G A A C A U C G C C A G G C A U-3'. Based on the phenetic, molecular genetic, and nucleic acid sequencing data, it is concluded that Vibrio cincinnatiensis represents a new species of the genus Vibrio sensu strictu (as defined by 5S rRNA sequencing results). On a basis of 5S rRNA comparative sequence analysis, the organism appears to share a recent common ancestor with V. gazogenes (98% homology) and close ancestry with V. mimicus, V. fluvialis, and V. metschnikovii.
...
PMID:Vibrio cincinnatiensis sp. nov., a new human pathogen. 242 96

A method for rapid screening of isolates of pathogenic members of the family Enterobacteriaceae is described. Flow charts are used in conjunction with triple sugar iron agar, o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside-phenylalanine-motility sulfate screening media, oxidase test, and six rapid biochemical tests, namely, lysine decarboxylase, urease, indole, esculin hydrolysis, malonate, and xylose. This scheme is used to provide an inexpensive but rapid presumptive identification of Salmonella, Shigella, Edwardsiella, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Vibrio, and Yersinia isolates from stool cultures.
...
PMID:Rapid microbiochemical method for presumptive identification of gastroenteritis-associated members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. 400 22

The 10 biochemical test strips included in the PathoTec Rapid I-D System were evaluated for accuracy as compared to standard tests and for efficacy in identification of 193 gram-negative bacilli. The test agreement was 100% for oxidase and phenylalanine deaminase, 99% for indole, nitrate, and Voges-Proskauer, 98% for malonate, 97% for lysine decarboxylase, 90% for urease, 84% for H(2)S, and 75% for esculin hydrolysis. Most of the commonly isolated Enterobacteriaceae were identified correctly within 4 h. Errors in identification of Proteus morganii and P. rettgeri occurred because of positive H(2)S tests on the PathoTec strips with these organisms.
...
PMID:Evaluation of the PathoTec "Rapid I-D System". 458 96


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>

---