Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Significant differences have been proved between strains of E. coli isolated from neonatal E. coli diarrhoea (N.C.D.) and post weaning diarrhoea (P.W.D.). The biochemical differences were pronounced in the criteria sucrose, dulcitol, adonitol and urease when comparing the total number of strains from the two syndromes. However, adonitol positive strains were only found among strains of the serogroup O 149:K91(B) of which all the N.C.D.. strains were positive and only 8 of the 86 P.W.D. strains were adonitol fermenters. The dominant fermentation pattern of the N.C.D. strains were sucrose--, dulcitol--, urease--. Contrary the P.W.D. strains were sucrose +, dulcitol +, and 56.6 per cent urease + (Table III). In the possible plasmid determined characters significant differences were found in the ability to produce the K88 antigen and the colicins. The K88 antigen was demonstrated in 97.9 per cent of the N.C.D. strains and 6.2 per cent of the P.W.D. strains whereas 40.6 and 79.6% respectively were colicinogenic. In the serogroup O 149:K91(B) 90.7% of the P.W.D. strains and 47.6% of the N.C.D. strains produced colicins (Table V). The impairment of these features in the pathogenesis of neonatal E. coli diarrhoea, post weaning diarrhoea and the possible causality of the domination of the serogroup O 149:K91(B) is discussed. Furthermore it seems justified to relate the syndrome designation to the serotype of porcine enteropathogenic E. coli strains as it will be difficult to compare strains described from different research workers.
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PMID:Differences between enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from neonatal E. coli diarrhoea (N.C.D.) and post weaning diarrhoea (P.W.D.) in pigs. 79 Mar 6

In an open study, 50 patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated ulcer disease or severe functional dyspepsia were treated over one week with 2 x 40 mg omeprazole in the morning and evening preprandially and 4 x 500 mg amoxicillin suspension one hour before meals and at night. Fourty-seven patients (ulcer disease: n = 40, functional dyspepsia: n = 7) completed the study without contravening the protocol. The proportion of Helicobacter pylori eradication four weeks after cessation of study medication was 61.7% (29/47 patients) as judged from negative biopsy urease test, specific culture and histology after modified Giemsa staining. Three patients experienced side effects (stomatitis, self-limiting diarrhea, allergic exanthema).
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PMID:[Short-term therapy with high dosage omeprazole and amoxicillin for Helicobacter pylori eradication. A pilot study]. 157 87

We previously reported the occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in patients and the environment in the Pacific Northwest. The present studies compare the biochemical characteristics, Kanagawa hemolysin reactions, and plasmid profiles of 13 patient and 221 environmental isolates of the organism. Classical biochemical testing of the isolates revealed similar reactions for the clinical and environmental strains, and analysis in agarose gels revealed that 13 to 15% of the isolates had plasmids. The strains were tested for production of Kanagawa hemolysin on Wagatsuma agar, and 1.4% of environmental isolates and 23% of clinical isolates were positive. Clinical isolates from locally acquired extraintestinal infections were urease negative and Kanagawa hemolysin negative, isolates from locally acquired gastroenteritis cases were urease positive and Kanagawa negative, and isolates from traveler's diarrhea were urease negative and Kanagawa positive. Eight percent of the local environmental isolates were also urease positive and Kanagawa hemolysin negative. These findings suggest that expression of the Kanagawa hemolysin is not essential for the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus infections. In addition, our findings suggest that V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis in the Pacific Northwest is associated with a urease-positive, Kanagawa-negative biotype of the organism.
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PMID:Urease-positive, Kanagawa-negative Vibrio parahaemolyticus from patients and the environment in the Pacific Northwest. 259 43

Gnotobiotic calves were inoculated with an O5:K4:H-, urease-positive strain of Escherichia coli isolated from a 2-day-old calf with diarrhea. The calves developed elevated temperatures and passed loose mucoid feces, with or without blood. The E. coli strain was negative for heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins but produced high levels of Shiga-like toxin. Bacteria attached diffusely to the epithelium of the large intestine and multifocally to the epithelium of the ileum. The duodenum and jejunum were not affected. At the sites of bacterial attachment, microvilli were effaced, enterocytes were degenerate, and necrosis and exfoliation had occurred. These results confirm a previous report from England that calves may naturally contract infections similar to those caused by enteropathogenic E. coli strains pathogenic to humans or rabbits. This suggests that the calf bacterial strains, like some enteropathogenic E. coli strains, produce high levels of Shiga-like toxin and cause attachment and effacement lesions in the colonic epithelium of the infected host.
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PMID:Natural and experimental infection with an attaching and effacing strain of Escherichia coli in calves. 352 10

An unusual strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from the site of a perforated appendix. This was the first reported case in which the vibrios demonstrated a positive urease reaction. In other respects, the strain conformed to the general characteristics of V. parahaemolyticus. It was susceptible to chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, tetracycline, neomycin, triple sulpha, gentamicin, and polymyxin B and produced the "Kanagawa phenomenon". However, its role as a causative pathogen of the diarrhea of the patient was debatable.
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PMID:Urease-positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain. 741 1

A total of 489 Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from patients in Thailand with diarrhea was examined for the presence of thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin genes (tdh and trh, respectively), their serovars, TDH production, and urease activity. Of the strains, 81% were positive only for the tdh gene, 6% for both trh and tdh genes, and 2% for the trh gene only. Thirty-seven (8%) of the 489 isolates were positive for urease production. Of special interest, all urease-positive strains possessed the trh gene, and conversely, urease-negative strains lacked the gene, indicating that urease production by V. parahaemolyticus strains strongly correlates with the possession of the trh gene. Thus, the urease-positive phenotype of V. parahaemolyticus can be considered an indication of virulent (trh-possessing) V. parahaemolyticus strains in clinical diagnosis.
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PMID:Urease production correlates with possession of the trh gene in Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in Thailand. 759 89

The effect of orally administered lactobacilli on acute rotavirus diarrhea was tested in 42 well-nourished children ages 5-28 months. After oral rehydration, the patients were randomized to a study group, receiving human Lactobacillus casei strain GG 10(10) colony-forming units twice daily for five days, or a control group not given lactobacilli. Lactobacillus GG was found in the feces in 83% of the study group. The diarrheal phase was shortened in that group. Dietary supplementation with lactobacilli significantly influenced the bacterial enzyme profile: urease activity during diarrhea transiently increased in the control group but not in the study group; F = 8.6, P = 0.01. No intergroup differences were found in beta-glucuronidase, beta-glucosidase, and glycocholic acid hydrolase levels. We suggest that rotavirus infection gives rise to biphasic diarrhea, the first phase being an osmotic diarrhea and the second associated with overgrowth of specifically urease-producing bacteria. Oral bacteriotherapy appears a promising means to counteract the disturbed microbial balance.
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PMID:Oral bacteriotherapy for viral gastroenteritis. 799 84

In five subsequent open clinical studies, 180 patients with Helicobacter pylori (HP)-associated ulcer disease (n = 163) or severe functional dyspepsia (n = 17) requiring therapy were treated with either 40 mg omeprazole plus 4 x 500 mg amoxicillin suspension for 1 wk (group I, n = 35), 2 x 40 mg omeprazole plus 4 x 500 mg amoxicillin for 1 wk (group II, n = 50), 2 x 20 mg omeprazole plus 4 x 500 mg amoxicillin for 2 wk (group III, n = 62), 2 x 20 mg omeprazole (day 1-14) and 4 x 500 mg amoxicillin (day 8-14) (group IV, n = 22) or with 2 x 20 mg omeprazole for 2 wk (group V, n = 11). The HP eradication rates determined with a biopsy urease test, microscopy of a mucosal smear, specific culture, and histology after modified GIEMSA staining in the 5th wk after discontinuation of study medication were 61.3% in group I, 61.7% in group II, 82.8% in group III, 28.6% in group IV, and 0% in group V. Apart from clinical insignificant pharyngeal paresthesias (n = 6), nine patients (5.7%) with combined therapy complained of important side effects (stomatitis: n = 3, diarrhea: n = 3, allergic exanthema: n = 3) that led to termination of amoxicillin treatment in four cases (2.5%). We conclude that omeprazole-enhanced amoxicillin antibiosis is a simple and effective approach to the eradication of HP colonization.
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PMID:Omeprazole plus amoxicillin: efficacy of various treatment regimens to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. 847 Jun 23

A phenotypic variant of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 (G5101) was isolated from a patient with bloody diarrhea. Strain G5101 does not ferment sorbitol but is beta-D-glucuronidase and urease positive. Serotyping and colony hybridization using a serotype-specific DNA probe confirmed that the isolate was O157:H7. G5101 produces Shiga-like toxins I and II and contains an eae gene that is highly conserved in the O157:H7 serotype. This strain would have been missed by laboratories that screen for the sorbitol-negative, beta-D-glucuronidase-negative phenotype in isolating E. coli O157:H7 from clinical and food specimens.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of a beta-D-glucuronidase-producing strain of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 in the United States. 858 36

Fifty-five Tunisian children with urinary stones, between the ages of 8 months and 15 years, underwent morphological and infrared spectrophotometric analysis of their stones. This study provides an approach to the aetiological profile of urinary stones in Tunisian children. The nucleus of the stones was composed of acidic ammonium urate in 48% of cases with a morphology suggestive of phosphorus deficiency associated with a history of diarrhoea. In 24% of cases, the nucleus contained struvite indicating the presence of urinary tract infection by urease-positive bacteria. The main growth factors of urinary stones were hyperoxaluria and urinary tract infection. In 5 cases, the stones were due to a hereditary lithogenic metabolic disease : cystinuria in 1 case and primary hyperoxaluria in 4 cases.
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PMID:[Etiologic factors of urinary lithiasis in Tunisian children]. 877 1


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