Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical scientists from eight European countries and China gathered in the ancient Chinese capital of Xi'an on April 26-28, 2001 to discuss collaboration on a modern approach to gastric cancer prevention. Participants at the First Sino-European Workshop on Immunogenetics and Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer presented their most up-to-date research results on topics ranging from epidemiology and immune mechanisms to Helicobacter pylori and vaccine development. Researchers then formed groups with their Chinese or European counterparts to plan future research endeavors which will benefit Chinese and European populations alike. After 3 years of organization between the Institute of Digestive Diseases of the Fourth Medical University in Xi'an, China and the Laboratory of Immunogenetics, VU University Medical Center in Amsterdam, the first workshop came into being under the joint sponsorship of the Commission of the European Union, National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xi'an, China. As gastric cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor in China, the workshop was of special significance to the Chinese researchers and to the Chinese population in general. During the workshop, presentations on the epidemiology of gastric cancer showed that this disease is in fact common the world over: it is the second most common cancer next to lung cancer and about 1 million new cases were diagnosed in 2000. Three-quarters of the cases of gastric cancer occur in Asia, and approximately 80% of these cases are in China and Japan. Genetic factors and environmental factors such as diet and H. pylori infection play a role in gastric carcinogenesis. As a recognized cause of gastric cancer, H. pylori was the subject of various presentations ranging from immunological studies, molecular analysis of strains and pathogenesis to vaccine development. Specific areas of discussion included bacterial-epithelial interactions in H. pylori infection, epidemiology in China, global distribution of vacA and cagA genotypes, new evidence for host factors, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and H. pylori as independent risk factor for gastric cancer, new diagnostic techniques for H. pylori using serum levels of pepsinogen I, and autoimmune processes in corpus atrophy. Vaccine development using a variety of strategies against H. pylori was the subject of an entire session of talks. Oral immunization with urease with Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin was shown to be safe and immunogenic in humans as a mucosal adjuvant. Results of a study using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as a vehicle for DNA-mediated immunization in mice were also presented. A final presentation discussed an ongoing trial comparing strain variability in the vacA and cagA gene sequences and disease expression between H. pylori infection in Europe and China. Researchers also discussed the role of IL1 gene family and TNF gene polymorphisms in gastric pathology and various immune mechanisms involved in gastric cancer, such as down-regulation of NF kappa B, IL-1 and IL-1RA, cyclooxygenase signalling, and identification of MGAg antibodies. An interactive discussion followed each presentation and ideas and suggestions were provided. According to specialty, the presenters were then assigned to groups of four or five to make plans for joint research projects. A number of international and Chinese observers were present, including representatives from the European Commission, the World Health Organization and the Chinese National Center for Biotechnology Development, and offered input on the financial feasibility of such projects.
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PMID:The immunogenetics and pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Highlights of the First Sino-European Workshop on the Immunogenetics and Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer. 1253 77

A 58-year-old man with cough and bloody sputum was admitted because of right lung tumor and thrombocytopenia. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was diagnosed. For treatment of ITP, he was treated with platelet transfusions, intravenous gamma-globulin and oral prednisolone. However, the platelet count did not completely improved. Since a relationship between ITP and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection has been reported, and result of urease test was positive, the patient was treated by HP eradication therapy. After the eradication therapy, the platelet count improved to the normal range. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was confirmed by a cervical lymph node biopsy. As a result of improvement in platelet count, we were able to perform the chemotherapy of lung cancer.
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PMID:[A case of lung cancer with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura effectively treated for Helicobacter pylori]. 1818 49

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is one of the most common bacteria infecting humans. Recently, certain extragastric manifestations, linked to Hp infection, have been widely investigated, suggesting that Hp infection might be a 'systemic' disease. Accumulating, yet limited, evidence points to a potential association between Hp infection and lung cancer risk. Epidemiologic studies have shown that odds ratios (estimated relative risks) of lung cancer with Hp infection range from 1.24 to 17.78 compared with the controls, suggesting an increased lung cancer risk in the population exposed to Hp infection although far from supporting a causal relationship between Hp and lung cancer. Many studies have demonstrated the existence of Hp in the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract with no direct evidence of Hp-localization in lung tissue in the published literatures, rendering the possible functional mechanism underlying the association an open question. We followed the classic hypothesis-generating path, where we have thoroughly reviewed the publications on lung cancer and Hp infection from serological association to possible mechanisms as: (i) p130cas activated by Src kinase following Hp-host communication and p130cas-related carcinogenesis as in various malignancies; and (ii) gastroesophageal reflux and inhalation of urease or gastrin, which are Hp-related carcinogenic factors and present in lung tissues. We propose rigorous investigations regarding the Hp-lung cancer association and, if confirmed, the mechanisms of Hp infection leading to lung cancer development and progression. Clarification on Hp-lung cancer association is important for the understanding of lung cancer beyond tobacco-smoking-related carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection and lung cancer: a review of an emerging hypothesis. 2356 55