Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.3.4.6 (urease)
 7,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Considering that the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastroesophageal reflux and reflux esophagitis (GERD) is still controversial and that the role of virulence markers of the bacterium has not been evaluated in most studies of GERD, we investigated the association among H. pylori infection with cagA-positive and -negative strains, corpus gastritis, and GERD in a large group of patients by controlling for confounding factors. We studied prospectively 281 consecutive adult patients: 93 with GERD and 188 controls. H. pylori infection status was diagnosed by culture, by the preformed urease test, with a carbolfuchsin-stained smear, and by histology. The cagA status was determined by PCR of H. pylori isolates and gastric biopsy specimens. H. pylori infection was diagnosed in 191 (68.0%) of 281 patients. Among the 93 patients with GERD, 84 presented with mild or moderate esophagitis and 9 presented with severe esophagitis. In the multivariate analysis, the age of the patients and the degree of oxyntic gastritis were associated with GERD. Among the strains isolated from patients with GERD and from the control group, 24.4 and 66.9%, respectively, were positive for cagA (P < 0.001). Compared to infection with cagA-negative strains, infection with cagA-positive H. pylori strains was associated with a more intense gastritis in the corpus (P = 0.001). cagA status (odds ratio [OR] = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.07 to 0.40), gastritis of the corpus (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.99), and age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.07) were associated with GERD. In conclusion, the study provides evidence supporting the independent protective roles of cagA-positive H. pylori strains and the degree of corpus gastritis against GERD.
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PMID:Role of corpus gastritis and cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori infection in reflux esophagitis. 1214 41

HIV infection leads to progressive deterioration of immunity. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are often reported in patients with this infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate morphological changes in upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa and prevalence of opportunistic infections and Helicobacter pylori in HIV-infected people in relationship to the degree of immunosupression. We studied 94 HIV-infected patients with dyspeptic symptoms, 47 suffered from severe immunodeficiency expressed by low CD4+ lymphocyte count below 200/ mm3. Control group consisted of 52 non HIV-infected patients. During endoscopy, gastrointestinal tract mucosa was evaluated and biopsy samples were taken from gastric body and antrum for histopathological analysis and rapid urease test. In patients with CD4+ lymphocyte count below 200/mm3, endoscopic examination revealed significantly more frequent esophageal candidiasis (36%); whereas reflux esophagitis (13%) was significantly less often diagnosed in comparison to the rest of the patients. Duodenitis and duodenal erosions were also less frequent in them. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric antrum was significantly lower in HIV-infected patients with severe immunodeficiency (40%) in comparison to the rest of the patients (72%) and control group (69%). Chronic active gastritis of the antral mucosa was less frequent in HIV-infected patients with CD4+ lymphocyte count below 200/mm3.
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PMID:[Studies on relationship between immunodeficiency in HIV-infected people and condition of upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa, prevalence of mycosis and Helicobacter pylori infection]. 1678 59

Objective. This study was undertaken to gain an insight into the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, Barrett's esophagus and reflux esophagitis in an area of exceptionally low prevalence of H. pylori infection. Methods. A total of 1895 consecutive upper endoscopies performed between January 2005 and July 2007 were reviewed. 120 cases of columnar-lined esophagus and endoscopic esophagitis were evaluated. H. pylori infection was determined using the urease test and/or histology. Results. The rate of endoscopic esophagitis was 5.49% (80 Malays, 24 non-Malays) while histological reflux esophagitis was found in 3.75% (56 Malays, 15 non-Malays). Barrett's esophagus was present in 0.79% (11 Malays, 4 non-Malays). H. pylori infection was present in 8/120 or 6.67% subjects. Conclusion. The low rate of Barrett's esophagus in this population does not support the hypothesis that the absence of H. pylori infection is more than a minor risk factor for Barrett's esophagus.
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PMID:Barrett's Esophagus in an Area with an Exceptionally Low Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection. 2199 5

The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication is still debated. Recently, we had a patient of GERD who had developed it shortly after H. pylori eradication therapy. A 72-year-old man was diagnosed by endoscopy as suffering from severe superficial gastritis in the stomach body. A rapid urease test showed H. pylori infection. He was then started on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) based therapy for two weeks eradicating H.pylori. After completion of H. pylori eradication, he complained of a heart-burn sensation. Follow-up endoscopy showed reflux esophagitis, of grade B according to the Los Angeles classification. Since the patient had developed GERD after completion of the triple therapy, their suggests that H. pylori eradication must have triggered the development of de novo GERD after a short period of time.
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PMID:Early development of reflux esophagitis after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication in superficial gastritis. 2292 99

The high prevalence and incidence of the chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC) is associated with the considerable medical and social problems, development of variety of clinical signs, hepatic and extrahepatic lesions. Due to the wide spread of this infection, there is a high comorbidity with other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, especially of its upper parts. The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological features of mucosal lesions (ML) of the gastroduodenal zone (GDZ) and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with chronic hepatitis C with different body mass status. The study included 150 patients with chronic hepatitis C. All patients underwent fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGD), determination of Helicobacter pylori infection (H. pylori) was done by the quick urease test (CLO-test), as well as by the stool test (CITO TEST, Farmasko LLC), the intra-esophageal pH-metric test and assessment of body mass status. The Los Angeles (LA) classification (1998) was used for endoscopic assessment of the degree of esophageal damage. Depending on the body weight of the patients, two groups were formed: A group - n=35 patients with CHC with overweight (OBW) and B group, n=115 patients with CHC with normal body weight (NBW). We found that in patients with chronic hepatitis C, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is significantly more frequently registered in patients with overweight status than in those with NBW (48.6% vs. 31.3%, p<0.05). Endoscopically, in patients with chronic hepatitis C and OBW, reflux esophagitis with the LA-B degree of mucosal damage is most common (72.7%), while in patients with chronic hepatitis C and NBW the LA-A degree is most frequent (69.4%). Therefore, in patients with CHC + OBW, there are deeper ML than in patients with NBW. Our data demonstrates a high frequency of motor impairments in patients with chronic hepatitis C in the absence of erosive and ulcerative lesions of the mucosa of the GDZ, namely duodenogastric reflux with a predominance in persons with CHC + OBW against patients with CHC + NBW (47.0% vs. 13.9%, p<0.05). In patients with CHC, occurrence of the H. pylori infection is 34.7%, with no significant difference between patients with OBW and NBW. The high frequency of registered GERD and H. pylori in patients with chronic hepatitis C, indicates to the importance of the development of an optimal eradication treatment regimen that would be most effective, but at the same time, sufficiently safe and even gentle to the affected liver, taking into account the hepatotoxic effect of some proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), especially those that inhibit the activity of cytochrome P450, as well as the hepatotoxicity of some antibiotics.
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PMID:[CLINICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GASTRODUODENAL MUCOSAL LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C INFECTION WITH DIFFERENT BODY MASS STATUS]. 3110 80