Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:6.3.2.19 (ubiquitin-protein ligase)
 799 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pirh2, a recently identified ubiquitin-protein ligase, has been reported to promote p53 degradation. Pirh2 physically interacts with p53 and promotes ubiquitination of p53 independently of MDM2. Like MDM2, Pirh2 is thought to participate in an autoregulatory feedback loop that controls p53 function. We have previously reported that Pirh2 was overexpressed in human and murine lung cancers as compared to uninvolved lung tissue. Pirh2 increase could potentially cause degradation of wildtype p53 and reduce its tumor suppression function in the lung tumor cells. Since Pirh2 has been reported to be transactivated by p53, however, the mechanisms by which a high level of Pirh2 expression is maintained in tumor cells despite low level of wildtype p53 protein are unclear. In order to evaluate p53 involvement in the transactivation of Pirh2, we evaluated Pirh2, MDM2, p53 and p21 expression with Western blot analysis and real time PCR after gamma irradiation or cisplatin DNA damage treatment using human cancer cell lines containing wildtype (A549, MCF-7), mutant (H719) and null (H1299) p53. Surprisingly, Pirh2 expression was not affected by the presence of wildtype p53 in the cancer cells. In contrast, MDM2 was upregulated by wildtype p53 in A549 and MCF-7 cells and was absent from the H1299 and the H719 cells. We conclude that Pirh2 operates in a distinct manner from MDM2 in response to DNA damage in cancer cells. Pirh2 elevation in p53 null cells indicates the existence of additional molecular mechanisms for Pirh2 upregulation and suggests that p53 is not the sole target of Pirh2 ubiquitin ligase activity.
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PMID:Differential response between the p53 ubiquitin-protein ligases Pirh2 and MdM2 following DNA damage in human cancer cells. 1693

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is an important protein degradation system universally existing in eukaryotic organisms from yeast to human. In this system, hundreds of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases are most important because they provide the substrate specificity and control many cellular processes. UPP has been found to be relevant to cancer development. BnRCH, the protein product from a novel gene isolated from Brassica napus, also has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. In order to exploit its potential use, human cervical carcinoma cell Hela (Hela cells) was transiently and stably transfected with BnRCH. The experimental results demonstrated: (1) in Hela cells, BnRCH inhibited the cell growth of Hela cells and increased their sensitivity to the anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin; and (2) the growth inhibition effect of BnRCH in Hela cells was found due to G2 phase cell cycle arrest with the transcriptional up-regulation of p21 (waf1/cip1), rather than apoptosis. This research suggests BnRCH has potential use in cancer therapy.
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PMID:BnRCH gene inhibits cell growth of Hela cells through increasing the G2 phase of cell cycle. 2203 67

The present study investigated the use of cell-cycle regulators for predicting the progression of silent pituitary adenoma (SPA) following surgical resection, via immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples obtained by surgical resection. The medical records of patients diagnosed with SPA between January 2000 and December 2013 in the Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (Changwon, South Korea) were reviewed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on sections of the archived, paraffin-embedded tissues obtained by surgery, with all tissues stained for cell-cycle regulatory proteins p16, p15, p21, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4, CDK6, retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and cyclin D1, as well as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase mib1 (MIB-1) antigen and p53. The primary end-point was to investigate the expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins in SPA. The secondary end-point was to estimate the progression-free survival of patients with SPA following surgical resection and to identify its association with the expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins. Of the 127 SPA samples, 44 (34.6%) were from patients with progression during a mean follow-up period of 62.4 months (range, 24.2-118.9 months). Immunohistochemical overexpression was identified in 61 samples (48.0%) for p16, 38 samples (29.9%) for p15, 19 samples (15.0%) for p21, 49 samples (38.6%) for CDK4, 17 samples (13.4%) for CDK6, 57 samples (44.9%) for pRb and in 65 samples (51.2%) for cyclin D1. Multivariate analysis revealed that null cell adenoma [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.276-0.808], somatotroph SPAs (95% CI, 1.296-3.121), corticotroph SPAs (95% CI, 1.811-4.078), pluripotent SPAs (95% CI, 2.264-5.194), decreased expression of p16 (95% CI, 2.724-5.588), overexpression of pRb (95% CI, 2.557-5.333), cyclin D1 (95% CI, 1.894-4.122) and MIB-1 (95% CI, 1.561-4.133), increased mitotic index (95% CI, 1.228-4.079), increased p53 expression (95% CI, 1.307-4.065) and invasion into the cavernous sinus (95% CI, 3.842-7.502) predicted SPA progression following resection. The results of the present study suggested that specific cell-cycle regulators, including p16, cyclin D1 and pRb, were associated with SPA progression.
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PMID:Function of cell-cycle regulators in predicting silent pituitary adenoma progression following surgical resection. 2934 43