Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.2.1.7 (BAL)
 1,977 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 28 patients with sarcoidosis patients (14 F, 14 M aged 19-54) lymphocytes subpopulations were estimated in double BAL from two lung segments: with the most (s.A) and with the least (s.B.) extensive involvement estimated by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). HRCT score for whole lung correlated negatively with DCO (r = 0.46, p < 0.05), D/VA (r = -0.46 p < 0.05), Cstat (r = -0.57, p < 0.05) and Cdyn (r = 0.-057, p < 0.01). HRCT-score for lung segments A and B did not correlate with BAL-cell count and lymphocytes subsets from these segments. The relationship between percentage of lymphocytes HLA-DR in BAL from s.A and d(A-a)O2 (r = 0.38, p < 0.05) and the relationship between absolute number of CD25 in BAL from s.A and DCO (r = -0.38, p < 0.05) were observed. The percentage of lymphocytes in BAL from s.B correlated negatively with D/VA (r = -0.40, p < 0.05) and the percentage of HLA-DR lymphocytes in BAL from s.B. correlated negatively with Cdyn (r = -0.45, p < 0.05). Our results suggests usefulness of HRCT in estimation of sarcoidosis advancement but not in it's activity and indicate the careful interpretation the relationships between BAL results from only one lung segment and pulmonary function parameters.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 1999
PMID:[BALF from two different lung segments indicated by high resolution computer tomography (HRCT) in patients with sarcoidosis. III. Correlation between pulmonary function tests and HRCT changes and BAL cell count]. 1080 88

The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of bFGF and VEGF in double BAL (2 x 120 ml) from two different lung segments: (s.A) from upper lobe with the most and (s.B) from lower lobe with the least extensive involvement estimated by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Examined group consisted of 28 sarcoid patients with homogeneous, regular distribution of nodular opacities in conventional chest X-ray (14 F, 14 M aged 19-54). Eleven healthy volunteers served as controls. In patients with sarcoidosis we observed the significantly higher levels (p < 0.01) of bFGF (1.79 pg/ml, 1.48 pg/ml) and VEGF (107.5 pg/ml, 109.7 pg/ml) in BAL from s.A and s.B respectively in comparison with BAL from lung segments Abis and Bbis in control group (bFGF: 0.75 pg/ml, 0.47 pg/ml and VEGF: 33.7 pg/ml, 43.9 pg/ml respectively). bFGF in BAL from s.A in active sarcoidosis was higher than in s.A and s.B in non-active sarcoidosis. Concentrations of bFGF in BAL from both s.A and s.B correlated positively with CD4/CD8 ratio and absolute number of lymphocytes, CD4 cells and lymphocytes HLA-DR estimated in BAL from these lung segments. We conclude that bFGF and VEGF may be involved in sarcoidosis pathogenesis and bFGF may be useful in estimation of sarcoidosis activity.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2000
PMID:[Proangiogenic cytokines (bFGF and VEGF) in BALF from two different lung segments examined by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in patients with sarcoidosis]. 1100 46

In 28 non-smoking patients with sarcoidosis (14 males, 14 females aged 19-51) the concentrations of cytokine RANTES were estimated in BAL fluid from two different lung segments: with the most (s.A) and with the least (s.B.) extensive involvement estimated by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). In examined subjects 12 patients showed homogeneous distribution of HRCT changes (HD) in lung parenchyma and 16 showed nonhomogeneous distribution of HRCT changes (ND) with domination of pathological changes in upper lobes. Eleven healthy volunteers served as controls. In BALF from s.A and sB the significantly higher concentrations of RANTES were observed in comparison with control group (14.4 and 10.9 pg/ml vs 3.6 and 3.4 pg/ml respectively). In group (ND) in BALF from s.A (from upper lobes--the most occupied by HRCT changes) the concentrations of RANTES were significantly higher than in BALF from s.B (from lower lobes with the least involvement estimated by HRCT). RANTES concentrations in BALF from s.A and s.B positively correlated with lymphocytes count, lymphocytes CD3, CD4 and HLA-DR+ and correlated negatively with diffusing capacity in sarcoid patients. Our results suggest the significant role in pathogenesis of sarcoidosis and in alveolitis process enhancement.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 1999
PMID:[Chemokine RANTES in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BAL)from two different lung segments indicated by high resolution tomography (HRCT) in patients with sarcoidosis]. 1105 3

The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of TNF-alpha and GM-CSF in double BAL (2 x 120 ml) from two different lung segments: (s.A) from upper lobe with the most and (s.B) from lower lobe with the least extensive involvement estimated by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Examined group consisted of 28 non-smoking sarcoid patients with homogenous, regular distribution of nodular opacities in conventional chest X-ray (14 F, 14M aged 19-54). In examined patients 16 had nonhomogenous distribution (ND) and 12 had regular distribution (RD) of HRCT changes. Eleven healthy volunteers served as controls. In patients with sarcoidosis we observed the significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.01) of TNF-alpha (3.18 pg/ml, 2.64 pg/ml) and GM-CSF (1.01 pg/ml, 0.95 pg/ml) respectively in BAL fluid from s.A and s.B in comparison with BAL from s.Abis and s.Bbis in control group (TNF-alpha: 0.46 pg/ml, 0.47 pg/ml and GM-CSF: 0.28 pg/ml, 0.31 pg/ml respectively). Mean concentration of TNF-alpha in BAL from s.A (3.77 pg/ml) in ND group was significantly higher than in BAL from s.B in RD group (2.91 pg/ml). TNF-alpha in BAL from s.A in active sarcoidosis was higher than in BAL from s.A and s.B in non-active sarcoidosis. Concentrations of TNF-alpha in BAL from both s.A and s.B correlated positively with CD4/CD8 ratio, percentage of lymphocytes, lymphocytes HLA-DR+ and absolute number of CD4 cells and negatively with CD8 cells estimated in BAL from these lung segments. In patients with indications to therapy the level of GM-CSF in BAL from s.A (1.44 pg/ml) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in BAL from s.A (0.64 pg/ml) in patients without indications to treatment. We conclude that TNF-alpha and GM-CSF may be involved in sarcoidosis pathogenesis and TNF-alpha may be useful in estimation of sarcoidosis activity.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2000
PMID:[Cytokines TNF-alpha and GM-CSF in BAL from two different segments of lungs defined by high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) in patients with sarcoidosis]. 1120 Jul 48

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterised by the accumulation of proteinaceous material within alveoli. In order to evaluate the clinical features and the course of PAP we reviewed 7 cases (2F/5M) diagnosed during a 11-year period (1989-1999). The mean age of patients was 40.7 +/- 11.2 years. Diagnosis was obtained by open lung biopsy in all cases. Clinical findings included dyspnea (43%), cough (28%) and crackles (28%). Lung function tests were normal in 5 cases and showed a moderate restrictive pattern in 1 and mild airflow obstruction in 1. Three patients had reduced Dlco (mean was 63% of predicted). Four patients had hypoxemia at rest. Chest X-ray revealed bilateral alveolar opacities (71%), involving perihilar areas and lower lobes. HRCT scans demonstrated diffuse ground glass opacities (83%) with interlobular septa thickening (50%). Three patients were treated with repeated segmental BAL (2 improved). The spontaneous partial remission occurred in 4.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2000
PMID:[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]. 1127 75

The aim of this study was to assess how the extent of the number and percentage of lymphocytes in BALF and also the CD4 to CD8 ratio can help to predict the short outcome in sarcoidosis. Material consisted of 74 patients, 39 men and 35 women in the age from 23 to 58 years. 11 patients had chest lesions in stage I, 43 in stage II and 20 in stage III. Clinical markers of activity (fever, erythema nodosum) were present in 22 cases. Extrathoracic lesion were present in 31 and abnormal pulmonary function in 30. In all patients BAL was done before treatment and lymphocyte count, percentage and CD4/CD8 ratio was calculated. 50 patients were treated with corticosteroids and 24 were observed without treatment. After 6-12 month of observation regression of sarcoid lesions was observed in 46 of 50 patients treated with corticosteroids and in 17 out of 24 patients observed without treatment. There were no differences in lymphocyte count and percentage in BALF and in the short term outcome between group treated with corticosteroids and without treatment. The patients in whom regression of lesions was observed have however significantly higher CD4/CD8 ratio than others.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2000
PMID:[The relation between lymphocyte profile in BALF and the course of sarcoidosis based on short term observation]. 1132 May 66

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with only pulmonary involvement is a rare, probably reactive, proliferating disease of young and smoking persons. During last 7 years 7 cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis were diagnosed in our Department. There were 6 men and one woman. Mean age was about 32 years. All of them were smokers. Intensity and duration of smoking varied widely from 5 to 40 cigarettes/day and 5 to 30 years respectively. The most frequent symptoms were dry cough, dyspnea. Two patients had no complaints. Pneumothorax preceded diagnosis in 4 patients. Duration of symptoms varied from 3 months to 10 years--in a patient who was previously diagnosed as allergic alveolitis. All patients had typical radiological and HRCT appearance of disseminated nodular lesions with small cysts formation with sparing of costo-phrenic angles. Three of patients had very advanced disease with cystic lung destruction. Restriction was noticed in those three patients. Diminished values of compliance and diffusing capacity for CO was observed in four patients. Bronchoscopy examination of bronchial tree revealed only slight inflammation in all patients. BAL was assessed for presence of CD1a cells in 6 cases, but in no one patient elevated number of those cells was noticed (2-4.5%). In all patients open lung biopsy was performed, and typical histologic appearance was observed. In six patients also CD1a positive cells were revealed in lung specimens.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2001
PMID:[Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis--clinicopathologic analysis of 7 cases]. 1173 89

Bronchial asthma is a chronic condition with an inflammatory background--allergic inflammation. In recent years several observations have been published documenting activity of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in chronic inflammatory diseases of respiratory tract. This study was set up to evaluate the effect of nebulized LMWH on spirometric parameters and selected markers of allergic inflammation in bronchial asthma. Twenty patients diagnosed with mild or moderate asthma entered the study. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment every patient underwent bronchoscopy with BAL and in 15 of them bronchial biopsy was performed. Blood was drawn for ECP evaluation. LMWH was administered in nebulization in a dose 5000 U Xa/day for two weeks. BALf cellularity was evaluated as well as BALf IL-5 concentration. Further ELAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in bronchial mucosa was examined in immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated that heparin treatment significantly enhanced FEV1 from 76.02 +/- 21.7% nominate value before to 92.4 +/- 21.8% after treatment (p < 0.005). Cellular profile of BALf changed, showing significant drop in percentages of eosinophils--from 7% to 6% (p < 0.05), macrophages--38 to 32% (p < 0.05) and neutrophils--32 to 28% (p < 0.05). Surprisingly we did not notice any change in ECP concentration in blood serum or IL-5 in BALf. Also adhesion molecules expression in bronchial mucosa remained unchanged. We conclude that chronic LMWH nebulization is a valuable treatment ameliorating asthmatic condition clearly due to anti-inflammatory properties of heparin. Both dose of LMWH used and the time of therapy have to be further investigated in order to develop treatment able to influence more of the elements of allergic inflammation.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 2001 Dec
PMID:[Influence of long-term low molecular weight heparin nebulization on selected clinical parameters and course of allergic inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma]. 1202 31

Retrospective analysis of 143 patients without AFB in sputum in direct bacteriological examination was performed. In 84 patients tuberculosis was suspected on the basis of chest x-ray picture, positive tuberculine skin test and pleural fluid analysis (lymphocytes > 50%). Bacteriological analysis of sputum, BAL and pleural fluid by BACTEC and L-J culture allowed to recognise tbc in 55 patients: 41/84 patients suspected of tbc and in 14/55--not previously suspected of tbc. Generally tuberculosis was diagnosed in 82 pts. In 16 of 55 patients antituberculous treatment was introduced according to BACTEC results. It was especially important in 10 patients not suspected of tbc.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2002
PMID:[Meaning of the radiometric method bactec 460 TB for the application of antituberculosis therapy]. 1214 76

Chemokines and T-lymphocytes play an important role in lower respiratory tract inflammation. This study evaluated the concentration of IL-8 and count of T-lymphocytes expressing adhesion molecules LFA-1, Mac-1, Lsel and their correlation in patients with asthma and COPD in periods of exacerbation and clinical improvement (after seven days of anti-inflammatory treatment). In all subjects bronchoscopic examination with BAL procedure were done in exacerbation period and after seven days of treatment. The concentration of IL-8 was measured by ELISA, and the expression of adhesion molecules by biotin-streptavidin methods. The highest concentration of IL-8 was observed in asthma patients in clinical improvement period, and the highest count of T-lymphocytes was observed in patients with COPD in remission phase. Increased concentration of chemokines could have been influenced by type of treatment administered, especially beta 2-mimetics. The significant correlation observed in COPD patients between IL-8 concentration and counts of T-cells expressing LFA-1 (r = 0.44), Mac-1 (r = 0.49), Lsel (r = 0.42) in exacerbation period suggest a chemotactic influence of IL-8 on T-lymphocytes.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2003 Jan
PMID:[IL-8 and T-lymphocytes expressing adhesion molecules LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) Lsel in lower respiratory tract obstructive disease]. 1271 19


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