Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.2.1.7 (BAL)
 1,977 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scintigraphy with 99mTc labelled human polyclonal immunoglobulin was performed in 16 patients with ascertained or suspected AIDS-related infections. 99mTc-HIG lung scanning was compared, in 11 patients, with 67Ga scintigraphy, chest X-ray and high resolution lung CT. 67Ga and 99mTc-HIG were concordantly positive in five cases of BAL-ascertained Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), while one of them was Rx and CT negative. X-ray, 67Ga and 99mTc were concordantly negative in 5 cases. 99mTc-HIG yielded negative results in two cases of Mycobacterium infection, both of which were 67Ga and Rx positive: Mycobacterium avium in diffuse lung involvement and Mycobacterium TBC in excavated infiltrate. 99mTc-HIG was also positive in other 3 AIDS patients: 1 case of intestinal cryptosporidiosis, 1 pulmonary abscess (Staphylococcus and Candida), and 1 sacral abscess; it was negative in 1 case of Kaposi sarcoma (also 201Tl negative). In conclusion, 99mTc-HIG scintigraphy in AIDS patients is feasible, and offers some practical advantages (continuous availability, fast response time, etc.). The initial results seem similar to those of 67Ga in lung scanning (and perhaps more specific for PCP).
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PMID:99mTc-human immunoglobulin (HIG) in AIDS patients: first results. 193 71

Published reports indicate that HIV is recovered from BAL fluid of patients with AIDS who have LIP but not with other AIDS-related pulmonary disease. Our experience has been different. Ten BAL specimens from nine patients with AIDS were cultured directly in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and all ten cultures were positive for HIV as indicated by examination of the culture supernatant by reverse transcriptase assay and enzyme immunoassay for HIV antigen. Five of the specimens were also positive for Pneumocystis carinii, and other pulmonary diagnoses included histoplasmosis, lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and aspiration pneumonia. Five additional BAL specimens were cultured after freezing at -70 degrees C, but only two were culture-positive for HIV (p = 0.022; FET). This study indicates that HIV can be recovered from the BAL fluid in most patients with AIDS, unrelated to the type of pulmonary disease. In contrast to cultures, HIV antigen was detected in the BAL fluid of only one patient, and that patient had LIP with noncaseating granulomas. Therefore, HIV culture is not useful in the diagnosis of LIP, but HIV antigen detection should be studied further. All BAL fluids should be considered potentially infectious.
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PMID:Recovery of human immunodeficiency virus and detection of p24 antigen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from adult patients with AIDS. 250 Mar 12

In U.S. patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most frequent AIDS-defining opportunistic infection. Sputum induction and bronchoscopy are effective techniques for obtaining specimens used to identify P. carinii although debate continues over their optimal use, specifically whether to perform bronchoscopy after a negative induced sputum examination for P. carinii. To evaluate the usefulness of bronchoscopy in this situation, we reviewed all cases of suspected P. carinii pneumonia in which sputum induction for P. carinii was performed at San Francisco General Hospital during a 4-yr period. Bronchoscopy, performed after a negative induced sputum examination, yielded a diagnosis in 50.5% of evaluations. The most frequent diagnoses were P. carinii pneumonia (192), tracheobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma (93), tuberculosis (28), and Cryptococcus neoformans pneumonia (9). Bronchoscopy provided either the only or an earlier diagnosis in 64.3% of tuberculosis cases. Bronchoscopy with BAL was free of complications, and, importantly, a negative BAL examination for P. carinii allowed physicians to discontinue empiric P. carinii pneumonia treatment in 95%. In patients with suspected P. carinii pneumonia with a negative induced sputum examination for P. carinii, early bronchoscopy with BAL should be performed.
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PMID:Suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with a negative induced sputum examination. Is early bronchoscopy useful? 776 33