Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.2.1.1 (ACS)
 78,556 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Apert-Crouzon syndrome (formerly ACS type 2; 10130) is now considered a subset of autosomal dominant Apert acrocephalosyndactyly type 1 (10120), with features of craniosynostoisis, syndactyly of all extremities, maxillary hypoplasia, "parrot-beaked" nose, hypertelorism, exophthalmos, external strabismus, and short upper lip. We report a 3 1/2-month-old infant with features of Apert syndrome, plus thoracic vertebral anomalies radiographically similar to those seen in spondylothoracic dysplasia, a condition in which block thoracic vertebrae with widely open neural arches and a fan-shaped thoracic cage are found. Our patient also had flared metaphyseal ends of humeri, dislocated radii with immobile elbows, an unusual tail-like protuberance in the coccygeal area, and a solid cartilaginous tracheal wall. To date, in ongoing reviews of radiographs of other patients with acrocephalosyndactyly or acrocephalopolysyndactyly complexes and of relevant literature, we have not identified other patients with these findings. The vertebrae and intervertebral discs of the patient in this report, three patients with Jarcho-Levin syndrome, and one with Apert syndrome were measured from anteroposterior chest radiographs; the findings clearly distinguish the condition in our patient from Jarcho-Levin syndrome or Apert syndrome.
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PMID:Acrocephalospondylosyndactyly--a possible new syndrome: analysis of the vertebral and intervertebral components. 231 26

Although permanent stents have been successfully used as bail-out devices in the treatment of abrupt occlusion, the risk of stent thrombosis and of bleeding complications, as well as the cost of a prolonged hospitalization, have been deterrents to their universal acceptance. Temporary stents were conceived to provide internal scaffolding of the coronary arteries, which could stabilize occlusive dissections, yet still allow the stent to be removed before the time of peak incidence of subacute thrombosis. The ACS RX flow support catheter is a prototype temporary stent which has been recently evaluated in phase I and II clinical trials. The device is effective in improving angina score, coronary flow, and decreasing residual stenosis when used in cases of suboptimal percutaneous interventional results. However, the incidence of major complications and the need for adjunctive percutaneous interventions remain significant. Further studies are needed to define the optimal time of cage expansion as well as the clinical, anatomical, and procedural factors that predict efficacy and safety of this new device.
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PMID:Temporary stents: the ACS RX flow support catheter. 1015 Oct 63

Janus nanoparticles, characterized by their anisotropic structure and interactions, have added a new dimension to nanoscience because of their potential applications in biomedicine, sensors, catalysis, and assembled materials. The technological applications of these nanoparticles, however, have been limited as the current chemical, physical, and biosynthetic methods lack sufficient size and shape selectivity. We report a technique where gold clusters doped with tungsten can serve as a seed that facilitates the natural growth of anisotropic nanostructures whose size and shape can be controlled with atomic precision. Using ab initio simulated annealing and molecular dynamics calculations on AunW (n > 12) clusters, we discovered that the W@Au12 cage cluster forms a very stable core with the remaining Au atoms forming patchy structures on its surface. The anisotropic geometry gives rise to anisotropies in vibrational spectra, charge distributions, electronic structures, and reactivity, thus making it useful to have dual functionalities. In particular, the core-patch structure is shown to possess a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. The W@Au12 clusters can also be used as building blocks of a nanoring with novel properties.
ACS Nano 2008 Feb
PMID:Design of Janus nanoparticles with atomic precision: tungsten-doped gold nanostructures. 1920 36

Di-erbium and di-erbium-carbide endohedral metallofullerenes with a C(82) cage such as Er(2)@C(82) (isomers I, II, and III) and (Er(2)C(2))@C(82) (isomers I, II, and III) have been synthesized and chromatographically isolated (99%). The structures of Er(2)@C(82) (I, II, III) and (Er(2)C(2))@C(82) (I, II, III) metallofullerenes are characterized by comparison with the UV-vis-NIR absorption spectra of (Y(2)C(2))@C(82) (I, II, III), where molecular symmetries of the structures are determined to be C(s), C(2v) and C(3v), respectively. Furthermore, enhanced near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) at 1520 nm from Er(3+) ions in Er(2)@C(82) (I, III) and (Er(2)C(2))@C(82) (I, III) have been observed at room temperature. The PL intensities have been shown to depend on the symmetry of the C(82) cage. In particular, the PL intensity of (Er(2)C(2))@C(82) (III) has been the strongest among the isomers of Er(2)@C(82) and (Er(2)C(2))@C(82). Optical measurements indicate that the PL properties of Er(2)@C(82) (I, II, III) and (Er(2)C(2))@C(82) (I, II, III) correlate strongly with the absorbance at 1520 nm and the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the C(82) cage.
ACS Nano 2007 Dec
PMID:Enhanced 1520 nm photoluminescence from Er3+ ions in di-erbium-carbide metallofullerenes (Er2C2)@C82 (isomers I, II, and III). 1920 67

Motivated by the discovery of the superatom states of C60 molecules, we investigate the factors that influence their energy and wave function hybridization into nearly free electron bands in molecular solids. As the n = 3 solutions of the radial Schrodinger equation of the central attractive potential consisting of the short-range C atom core and the long-range collective screening potentials, respectively, located on the icosahedral C60 molecule shell and within its hollow core, superatom states are distinguished by their atom-like orbitals corresponding to different orbital angular momentum states (l = 0, 1, 2,...). Because they are less tightly bound than the pi orbitals, that is, the n = 2 states, which are often exploited in the intermolecular electron transport in aromatic organic molecule semiconductors, superatom orbitals hybridize more extensively among aggregated molecules to form bands with nearly free electron dispersion. The prospect of exploiting the strong intermolecular coupling to achieve metal-like conduction in applications such as molecular electronics may be attained by lowering the energy of superatom states from 3.5 eV for single chemisorbed C60 molecules to below the Fermi level; therefore, we study how the superatom state energies depend on factors such as their aggregation into 1D-3D solids, cage size, and exo- and endohedral doping by metal atoms. We find, indeed, that if the ionization potential of endohedral atom, such as copper, is sufficiently large, superatom states can form the conduction band in the middle of the gap between the HOMO and LUMO of the parent C60 molecule. Through a plane-wave density functional theory study, we provide insights for a new paradigm for intermolecular electronic interaction beyond the conventional one among the sp(n) hybridized orbitals of the organic molecular solids that could lead to design of novel molecular materials and quantum structures with extraordinary optical and electronic properties.
ACS Nano 2009 Apr 28
PMID:The superatom states of fullerenes and their hybridization into the nearly free electron bands of fullerites. 1935 Nov 48

How nanoclusters transform from one structural type to another as a function of size is a critical issue in cluster science. Here we report a study of the structural transition from the golden cage Au(16)(-) to the pyramidal Au(20)(-). We obtained distinct experimental evidence that the cage-to-pyramid crossover occurs at Au(18)(-), for which the cage and pyramidal isomers are nearly degenerate and coexist experimentally. The two isomers are observed and identified by their different interactions with O(2) and Ar. The cage isomer is observed to be more reactive with O(2) and can be preferentially "titrated" from the cluster beam, whereas the pyramidal isomer has slightly stronger interactions with Ar and is favored in the Au(18)Ar(x)(-) van der Waals complexes. The current study allows the detailed structural evolution and growth routes from the hollow cage to the compact pyramid to be understood and provides information about the structure-function relationship of the Au(18)(-) cluster.
ACS Nano 2009 May 26
PMID:Structural transition of gold nanoclusters: from the golden cage to the golden pyramid. 1937 Oct 73

A DNA nanocage has been recently characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and cryo-transmission electron microscopy as a DNA octahedron having a central cavity larger than the apertures in the surrounding DNA lattice. Starting from the SAXS data, a DNA nanocage has been modeled and simulated by classical molecular dynamics to evaluate in silico its structural properties and stability. Global properties, principal component analysis, and DNA geometrical parameters, calculated along the entire trajectory, indicate that the cage is stable and that the B-DNA conformation, also if slightly distorted, is maintained for all the simulation time. Starting from the initial model, the nanocage scaffold undergoes a contraction of the thymidine strands, connecting the DNA double helices, suggesting that the length of the thymidine strands is a crucial aspect in the modulation of the nanocage stability. A comparison of the average structure as obtained from the simulation shows good agreement with the SAXS experimental data.
ACS Nano 2009 Jul 28
PMID:Deciphering the structural properties that confer stability to a DNA nanocage. 1954 61

In the present study, we report the novel application of polyhydroxylated fullerenes (fullerenols) in cancer drug delivery. The facile synthetic procedure for generating multiple hydroxyl groups on the fullerene cage offers scope for high drug loading in addition to conferring hydrophilicity. Doxorubicin, a first line cancer chemotherapeutic, was conjugated to fullerenols through a carbamate linker, achieving ultrahigh loading efficiency. The drug-fullerenol conjugate was found to be relatively stable in phosphate buffer saline but temporally released the active drug when incubated with tumor cell lysate. The fullerenol-doxorubicin conjugate suppressed the proliferation of cancer cell-lines in vitro through a G2-M cell cycle block, resulting in apoptosis. Furthermore, in an in vivo murine tumor model, fullerenol-doxorubicin exhibited comparable antitumor efficacy as free drug without the systemic toxicity of free doxorubicin. Additionally, we demonstrate that the fullerenol platform can be extended to other chemotherapeutic agents, such as the slightly water-soluble cisplatin, and can emerge as a new paradigm in the management of cancer.
ACS Nano 2009 Sep 22
PMID:Fullerenol-cytotoxic conjugates for cancer chemotherapy. 1968 36

Using density-functional tight-binding (DFTB)-based quantum chemical molecular dynamics at 2500 and 3000 K, we have performed simulations of benzene combustion by gradually reducing the hydrogen to carbon (H/C) ratio. The accuracy of DFTB for these simulations was found to be on the order of 7-9 kcal/mol when compared to higher-level B3LYP and G3-like quantum chemical methods in extensive benchmark calculations. Ninety direct-dynamics trajectories were run for up to 225 ps simulation time, during which hydrocarbon cluster size, curvature, and C(x)H(y) composition, carbon hybridization type, and ring count statistics were recorded. Giant fullerene cage formation was observed only after hydrogen was completely eliminated from the reaction mixture, with yields of around 50% at 2500 K and 42% at 3000 K. Cage sizes are mostly in the range from 152 to 202 carbon atoms, with the distribution shifting toward larger cages at lower temperature. In contrast to previous simulations of dynamics fullerene assembly from ensembles of C(2) molecules, we find that the resulting cages show smaller number of attached carbon chains (antenna) surviving until cage closure. Again, no direct formation pathway for C(60) from smaller fragments was observed. Our results challenge the idealized picture of "ordered" growth of PAHs along a route involving only maximally condensed and fully hydrogenated graphene platelets, and favor instead fleeting open-chains with ring structures attached, featuring a large number of hydrogen defects, pentagons, and other nonhexagon ring species.
ACS Nano 2009 Aug 25
PMID:Quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations of dynamic fullerene self-assembly in benzene combustion. 1970 22

The adsorption, mobility, and vibration of water in ion-exchanged rho-zeolite-like metal-organic frameworks (ZMOFs) are investigated using atomistic simulations. Because of the high affinity for the ionic framework and nonframework ions, water is strongly adsorbed in rho-ZMOFs with a three-step adsorption mechanism. At low pressures, water is preferentially adsorbed onto Na(+) ions, particularly at site II; with increasing pressure, adsorption occurs near the framework and finally in the large cage. Upon water adsorption, Na(+) ions are observed to redistribute from site I to site II and gradually hydrated with increasing pressure. In Li-, Na-, and Cs-exchanged rho-ZMOFs, the adsorption capacity and isosteric heat decrease with increasing ionic radius attributed to the reduced electrostatic interaction and free volume. The mobility of water in Na-rho-ZMOF increases at low pressures but decreases upon approaching saturation. With sufficient amount of water present, the mobility of Na(+) ions is promoted. The vibrational spectra of water in Na-rho-ZMOF exhibit distinct bands for librational motion, bending, and stretching. The librational motion has a frequency higher than bulk water due to confinement. With increasing loading and hence stronger coordinative attraction, the bending frequency shows a blue shift. Symmetric and asymmetric modes are observed in the stretching as a consequence of the strong water-ion interaction. This study provides a fundamental microscopic insight into the static and dynamic properties of water in charged ZMOFs and reveals the subtle interplay between water and nonframework ions.
ACS Nano 2009 Sep 22
PMID:Atomistic insight into adsorption, mobility, and vibration of water in ion-exchanged zeolite-like metal-organic frameworks. 1970 39


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