Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:6.2.1.1 (ACS)
 78,556 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Honeywell ACS 1000, an automated computerized scanning system, is evaluated against the recommended manual method for WBC differentials. Over 400,000 data points were gathered by both methods during an 11-month study, employing routine peripheral blood smears and critically characterized control preparations. These data were found to exhibit an effective increase in throughput, precision, comparable accuracy, and a reduction in operator fatigue. In addition, the instrument demonstrates application to the improvement of quality control, teaching, and continuing education.
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PMID:Evaluation of the Honeywell ACS 1000. 84 73

Sixty-four consecutive patients with coronary artery disease who had resections of left ventricular scars during 1969 to 1973 were retrospectively identified. Extent of angiographic coronary artery disease was scored by the jeopardy score system. Size of the abnormally contracting segment (akinetic or dyskinetic in all) was measured as a percent of the end-diastolic ventriculographic perimeter (% ACS). Contractility of the non-ACS was expressed as the difference between the actual ejection fraction and that predicted by the spherical model of Feild and Dowling (excess ejection fraction, XEF.) Perioperative survival correlated with jeopardy score (21 of 27, jeopardy score less than or equal to 6; 19 of 37 jeopardy score greater than 6) and with XEF (30 OF 38, XEF greater than +0.10; 10 of 26, XEF less than or equal to "0.10). When XEF and jeopardy score were combined, the patients were separated into four subgroups with perioperative survival ranging from 89% to 33%. Long-term survival (minimum follow-up period 30 months) in the 40 perioperative survivors also correlated with jeopardy score (95% at 54 mo for jeopardy score less than or equal to 6; 49% for jeopardy score greater than 6). Survival was unrelated to whether or not aortocoronary bypass graft procedures had been done. It is concluded that survival following aneurysmectomy is predicted by two preoperative angiographic variables--the extent of coronary artery disease and the contractility of the non-aneurysmal portion of the left ventricle.
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PMID:Angiographic predictors of survival following left ventricular aneurysmectomy. 88 15

Studies of the acetylator polymorphism in Pushtoons, Tajiks, Hazaras and Usbeks living in Afghanistan revealed a lower frequency of the allele ACS in the last two populations. The results were compared with those of other populations. The importance of this polymorphism for therapy and a possible relation to the use of alkaloids in form of spices and drugs is discussed.
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PMID:The acetylator polymorphism in four populations of Afghanistan. 90 67

To evaluate the quantitative relationships between resting potassium-43 (43K) myocardial imaging and left ventricular segmental contraction abnormalities, 15 patients were studied by both radionuclide and contrast angiographic techniques at least two months following transmural myocardial infarction. The ECG location of infarction involved the anterior wall alone in six patients, inferior wall alone in three patients, both anterior and inferior walls in five patients, and in one patient ECG-anatomic correlation was obscured by newly developed left bundle branch block. 43K defects were noted in all patients. Anterior wall 43K defects were noted in all patients with previous anterior infarction and seven of nine inferior infarcts. These 43K defects were associated with a quantifiable decrease in regional radioactivity of at least 20% of normal appearing zones, and their location correlated with the angiographic site of akinesis or dyskinesis. The extent of the 43K defect (% 43K HP [% potassium 43 hypoperfusion]) was measured by planimetry and averaged 49% of the anterior view image (range 25-66%), 43% of the left anterior oblique image (range 0-58%), with the mean of both views being 47% (range 17-62%). The mean total area of the anterior image was 58 cm2 (range 40-101 cm2). The extent of the 43K defect (% 43K HP) was related to the extent of segmental contraction abnormality (% ACS). Correlations between % ACS and anterior view % 43K HP (r = 0.67), left anterior oblique % 43K HP (r = 0.54), and mean % 43K HP (r = 0.77) were found. The total size of the anterior view image correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic volume (r = 0.79). Thus, in this initial group of patients following transmural infarction, potassium-43 imaging can be accurately and quantitatively correlated with the site and extent of regional ventricular dysfunction as it is assessed by quantitative left ventricular angiography.
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PMID:Quantitative relationships between potassium-43 imaging and left ventricular cineangiography following myocardial infarction in man. 118 52

Five affected individuals in 4 generations of a family with acrocephalosyndactyly (McKusick ACS Type III; Saethre-Chotzen syndrome) are reported. Serial roentgencephalometric data obtained pre- and postoperatively on the proband were compared with similar measurements on the affected mother and maternal uncle, both of whom have not had operative corrections, and the proband's unaffected older brother. Similarity in skull form among the affected individuals was demonstrated. Head circumference as an index of cranial growth or intracranial capacity was misleading in assessing the intellectual potential of the affected adults. In contrast, cranial capacity, as measured by the modulus, was found to be more reliable.
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PMID:Roentgencephalometric studies of the premature craniofacial synostoses: report of a family with the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. 122 26

ACS was highly variable in this family. At least one affected member could have passed as uninvolved. Others could have been assigned to ACS types III, IV or V. The current classification is probably sound, but great caution is needed to assign individual cases of ACS to any group other than ACS types I or II or the Carpenter syndrome. The great variability of ACS has obvious implications for genetic counseling.
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PMID:Acrocephalopolysyndactyly, type Noack, in a large kindred. 124 Jul 78

In a study population, can digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), and prostate specific antigen (PSA) (monoclonal) effectively detect the majority of clinically relevant cancer? If this is possible, the remaining patients could then be considered for chemopreventive protocols. The American Cancer Society/National Prostate Cancer Detection Project (ACS/NPCDP) had a cancer detection rate of 2.4% for its initial year utilizing PSA, DRE and TRUS. TRUS and PSA detected 73% more cancer than DRE alone. TRUS detected a greater percentage of cancers than DRE (85% vs. 64%). PSA was > or = 4 ng/ml for 66% of prostate cancer patients; 11% of cancer patients had PSA < 2 ng/ml. PSA decision levels based on gland volume detected a subgroup at the 95th percentile that had a nine-fold increased risk for cancer. In a separate study differentiating benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and cancer, we found 0.12 +/- 0.13 ng/ml/gm for serum PSA (sPSA)/gm BPH. This study proved that predicted PSA (pPSA) = gland volume x 0.12; this equation also functioned at the 95th percentile for any individual patient. Individual patient assessment: 1. Entry level PSA = 2 ng/ml. 2. Those patients with PSA > 2 ng/ml have TRUS determination of gland volume (performed by technician). 3. pPSA = gland volume x 0.12. If sPSA > pPSA then: 4. (sPSA-pPSA)/2 = predicted volume (cc) of cancer; 5. 3 square root of volume of cancer = mean diameter (cm) of cancer. Thus, these results should detect the majority of clinically relevant cancer (> 0.5 cc). PSA combined with TRUS and DRE can identify high risk groups for cancer.
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PMID:The role of digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, and prostate specific antigen for the detection of confined and clinically relevant prostate cancer. 128 97

Many proteins which aggregate during refolding may form transiently populated aggregated states which do not reduce the final recovery of active species. However, the transient association of a folding intermediate will result in reduced refolding rates if the dissociation process occurs slowly. Previous studies on the refolding and aggregation of bovine carbonic anhydrase B (CAB) have shown that the molten globule first intermediate on the CAB folding pathway will form dimers and trimers prior to the formation of large aggregates (Cleland, J. L.; Wang, D. I. C. Biochemistry 1990, 29, 11072-11078; Cleland, J. L.; Wang, D. I. C. In Protein Refolding; Georgiou, G., De-Bernardez-Clark, E., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 470; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1991; pp 169-179). Refolding of CAB from 5 M guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) was achieved at conditions ([CAB]f = 10-33 microM, [GuHCl]f = 1.0 M) which allowed complete recovery of active protein as well as the formation of a transiently populated dimer of the molten globule intermediate on the refolding pathway. A kinetic analysis of CAB refolding provided insight into the mechanism of the association phenomenon. Using the kinetic results, a model of the refolding with transient association was constructed. By adjusting a single variable, the dimer dissociation rate constant, the model prediction fit both the experimentally determined active protein and dimer concentrations. The model developed in this analysis should also be applicable to the refolding of proteins which have been observed to form aggregates during refolding. In particular, the transient association of hydrophobic folding intermediates may also occur during the refolding of other proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Transient association of the first intermediate during the refolding of bovine carbonic anhydrase B. 136 9

The success of the Pap smear in screening for cervical cancer illustrates many of the tenets of screening for disease. Unfortunately, no other gynecologic malignancy shares this success. Detection of most gynecologic malignancies occurs once they have become symptomatic and on clinical examination at the interval cancer-related checkup as recommended by the ACS. These examinations, done yearly in women older than 40 and every 3 years in younger women, can go a long way in the detection of genital tract disease. In detecting vulvar neoplasms, visual inspection of the entire perineum coupled with palpation to include Bartholin's glands and early biopsy of suspicious vulvar lesions promotes earlier diagnosis. Self-examination similar to breast self-examination and increased patient awareness are potential education goals for physicians as well as cancer and medical societies. Vaginal examination at the cancer checkup should continue. The finding that most vaginal cancers are picked up by abnormal cytology while they are still asymptomatic argues strongly for Pap testing after menopause. The knowledge that women who are status posthysterectomy for benign disease are not protected from developing vaginal cancers mandates continued Pap testing in this population as well. Because endometrial cancer is common, primary care physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion. Aspiration biopsy is a simple office-based procedure with low risk and good yield, and any woman in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal period who presents with atypical bleeding patterns should be evaluated. Although not recommended as a general screening test, the ACS does advocate endometrial sampling in the high risk woman at the time of menopause. The greatest challenge to primary care physicians may be the early detection of ovarian cancer. No single test is available, nor is any advocated in screening for this lethal disease. Currently, only periodic physical examination is recommended at the cancer checkup interval. Ultrasound, both transabdominal and transvaginal, may help in detecting adnexal masses, but is not sensitive enough to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. In this setting, and in the patient with suspected ovarian cancer, CA 125 and AFP may be helpful in determining which patients require surgical exploration. Women with positive family histories for ovarian cancer require greater vigilance and close follow-up with serial ultrasound and CA 125 determinations. As the population ages, cancer, which is primarily a disease of age, will continue to increase in incidence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Screening for gynecologic cancer. Vulvar, vaginal, endometrial, and ovarian neoplasms. 141 66

A powerful method of processing MEDLINE and CINAHL source data uploaded to the IBM 3090 mainframe computer through an IBM/PC is described. Data are first downloaded from the CD-ROM's PC devices to floppy disks. These disks then are uploaded to the mainframe computer through an IBM/PC equipped with WordPerfect text editor and computer network connection (SONNGATE). Before downloading, keywords specifying the information to be accessed are typed at the FIND prompt of the CD-ROM station. The resulting abstracts are downloaded into a file called DOWNLOAD.DOC. The floppy disks containing the information are simply carried to an IBM/PC which has a terminal emulation (TELNET) connection to the university-wide computer network (SONNET) at the Ohio State University Academic Computing Services (OSU ACS). The WordPerfect (5.1) processes and saves the text into DOS format. Using the File Transfer Protocol (FTP, 130,000 bytes/s) of SONNET, the entire text containing the information obtained through the MEDLINE and CINAHL search is transferred to the remote mainframe computer for further processing. At this point, abstracts in the specified area are ready for immediate access and multiple retrieval by any PC having network switch or dial-in connection after the USER ID, PASSWORD and ACCOUNT NUMBER are specified by the user. The system provides the user an on-line, very powerful and quick method of searching for words specifying: diseases, agents, experimental methods, animals, authors, and journals in the research area downloaded. The user can also copy the TItles, AUthors and SOurce with optional parts of abstracts into papers under edition. This arrangement serves the special demands of a research laboratory by handling MEDLINE and CINAHL source data resulting after a search is performed with keywords specified for ongoing projects. Since the Ohio State University has a centrally founded mainframe system, the data upload, storage and mainframe operations are free.
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PMID:CD-ROM source data uploaded to the operating and storage devices of an IBM 3090 mainframe through a PC terminal. 145 68


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