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Indium phosphide nanowires are of significant technological interest for applications ranging from single junction solar cells to high speed electronics. However, the efficient placement and integration of nanowires into devices remains a significant challenge. Here we extend the technique of electrically controlled solution-liquid-solid (EC-SLS) catalytic nanowire growth to indium phosphide. We are able to control the amount of nanowire growth by varying the bias voltage between the electrodes in solution, and to monitor nanowire bridging across the electrodes by recording the conductivity as a function of growth time. The as-grown indium phosphide nanowires exhibit n-type conductivity as was determined by the in situ integration of nanowires into a field effect transistor geometry. The ability to monitor nanowire growth and electrically control nanowire placement are valuable tools for fabricating nanowire devices. The EC-SLS process has the potential to aid in the fabrication of nanowire devices that could find applications in nanoelectronics, and as electrodes in solar cells and batteries.
ACS Nano 2009 Oct 27
PMID:Electrically Controlling and Monitoring InP Nanowire Growth from Solution. 1977 91

A type of thermosensitive ionic microgel was successfully prepared via the simultaneous quaternized cross-linking reaction during the surfactant-free emulsion copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) as the main monomer and 1-vinylimidazole or 4-vinylpyridine as the comonomer. 1,4-Dibromobutane and 1,6-dibromohexane were used as the halogenated compounds to quaternize the tertiary amine in the comonomer, leading to the formation of a cross-linking network and thermosensitive ionic microgels. The sizes, morphologies, and properties of the obtained ionic microgels were systematically investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic and static light scattering (DLS and SLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The obtained ionic microgels were spherical in shape with narrow size distribution. These ionic microgels exhibited thermosensitive behavior and a unique feature of poly(ionic liquid) in aqueous solutions, of which the counteranions of the microgels could be changed by anion exchange reaction with BF4K or lithium trifluoromethyl sulfonate (PFM-Li). After the anion exchange reaction, the ionic microgels were stable in aqueous solution and could be well dispersed in the solvents with different polarities, depending on the type of counteranion. The sizes and thermosensitive behavior of the ionic microgels could be well tuned by controlling the quaternization extent, the type of comonomer, halogenated compounds, and counteranions. The ionic microgels showed superior swelling properties in aqueous solution. Furthermore, these ionic microgels also showed capabilities to encapsulate and release the anionic dyes, like methyl orange, in aqueous solutions.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014 Mar 26
PMID:Thermosensitive ionic microgels via surfactant-free emulsion copolymerization and in situ quaternization cross-linking. 2458 95