Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:5.99.1.3 (topoisomerase)
 9,911 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The correlation between the histological features and clinical outcome remains poor in pediatric intracranial ependymomas. We performed a retrospective study of a group of 31 patients (diagnosed from 1985 to 1995) to assess prognostic implications of the current grading system, of histological and immunohistochemical features, and of ploidy status estimated by flow cytometry. Immunoexpression of a broad spectrum of antigens was evaluated, including MIB-1, topoisomerase-IIalpha, cyclin D1, glial and epithelial proteins (GFAP, EMA, cytokeratins), molecules involved in controlling apoptosis (bcl-2, caspase-3/CPP32), and p53 oncoprotein. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of each variable on both the progression free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) with at least 7-year follow up. Although we showed a significant correlation between histological grade and prognosis, the current grading system failed in predicting outcome in nearly one third of individual cases. Problems with interpathologist reproducibility were also demonstrated. The extent of surgical resection was the only clinical factor that was associated with survival. Both the PFS and the OS were significantly decreased for the following pathological variables: increased cellularity (>300 nuclei per HPF), mitotic activity of >7 per 10 HPF, increased MIB-1 labeling index (LI), topoisomerase-IIalpha LI, S-phase fraction, and p53 and bcl-2 positivity. Increased cyclin D1 LI was demonstrated to have only a marginally significant impact on PFS. A flow chart modeling was further performed to formulate a scheme for discriminating of prognostic subgroups. Based on that, p53 immunopositivity and/or MIB-1 LI of >5% (after subtotal resection) or MIB-1 LI of >15% (after complete resection) were the strongest indicators of the tumor's aggressive behavior and of a poor prognosis of the disease. Foci of hypercellularity should be specifically looked for in ependymomas for assessing the immunohistochemical studies.
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PMID:Pediatric intracranial ependymomas: prognostic relevance of histological, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric factors. 1455 80

Caspase-3 is the ultimate executioner caspase that is essential for the nuclear changes associated with apoptosis. We investigated caspase-3 immunohistochemical expression in 58 primary intracranial meningiomas, using one monoclonal antibody detecting both precursor and cleaved caspase-3 (CPP32) and a second recognizing only the cleaved activated form (ASP175). Caspase-3 expression was analyzed in relation to baseline apoptosis-as illustrated by the expression of anti-single stranded DNA (ss-DNA), the antiapoptotic protein bcl-2, proliferation indices (Ki-67, PCNA, topoisomerase IIa, mitosin C), hormonal status (estrogen, progesterone, androgen receptors), standard clinicopathological parameters and patients' disease-free survival. Caspase-3 immunostaining was observed in 62% of cases for CPP32 and in 24% for ASP175. In both instances, the labeling index (LI) was significantly correlated with ss-DNA LI (p=0.038 and p=0.018). CPP32 but not ASP175 LI positively correlated with the mitotic index (p=0.001) and PCNA LI (p=0.004). Both CPP32 and ASP175 LIs were increased in nonbenign meningiomas (p<0.0001 and p=0.0035 respectively). In univariate and multivariate survival analyses, caspase-3 predicted meningioma recurrence, independently affecting disease-free survival (p=0.011 and p=0.047 respectively for CPP32; p<0.0001 and p=0.012 respectively for ASP175). Caspase-3 may prove to be a useful predictor of early recurrence in a group of neoplasms characterized by the frequent discordance between histology and clinical behavior.
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PMID:Caspase-3 immunohistochemical expression is a marker of apoptosis, increased grade and early recurrence in intracranial meningiomas. 1714 87

CPT-11, a derivative of camptothecin (CPT) that interacts with type-I DNA topoisomerase, induced apoptosis in HL60 and Daudi cells in vitro. This cytotoxic activity was time and dose dependent, and was prevented by cycloheximide (CHX), a protein synthesis inhibitor, indicating the requirement of new protein synthesis for CPT-11-induced apoptotic cell death. Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-aldehyde (YVAD) and Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde (DEVD), synthesized tetrapeptide inhibitors of interleukin(1beta)-converting enzyme (ICE)- and CPP32/Yama-like proteases, were used to examine the CPT-11-induced death signal transduction. These inhibitors blocked CPT-11-induced cytotoxicity in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cytotoxic activity of SN-38, an active metabolite of CPT-11, was about 1000-fold that of CPT-11 and was also prevented by CHX, YVAD and DEVD. The doses of YVAD, however, were a little too high; the prevention by YVAD is then thought to be non-specific. In addition, lymphocytes obtained from normal and lpr(cg) mutant mice showed similar susceptibility to CPT-11 cytotoxicity. These results indicate the direct involvement of CPP32/Yama-like protease in the CPT-11-induced death signal transduction pathway, and no involvement of Fas antigen in the pathway.
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PMID:Involvement of CPP32/Yama-like protease in CPT-11-induced death signal transduction pathway. 2065 Feb 53


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