Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:5.99.1.2 (topoisomerase)
 9,166 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A high-molecular-weight protein complex that is capable of accurate transcription initiation and termination of vaccinia virus early genes without additional factors was demonstrated. The complex was solubilized by disruption of purified virions, freed of DNA by passage through a DEAE-cellulose column, and isolated by glycerol gradient sedimentation. All detectable RNA polymerase activity was associated with the transcription complex, whereas the majority of enzymes released from virus cores including mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O)methyltransferase, poly(A) polymerase, topoisomerase, nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase II, protein kinase, and single-strand DNase sedimented more slowly. Activities corresponding to two enzymes, mRNA guanylyltransferase (capping enzyme) and nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase I (DNA-dependent ATPase), partially sedimented with the complex. Silver-stained polyacrylamide gels, immunoblots, and autoradiographs confirmed the presence of subunits of vaccinia virus RNA polymerase, mRNA guanylyltransferase, and nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase I, as well as additional unidentified polypeptides, in fractions with transcriptase activity. A possible role for the DNA-dependent ATPase was suggested by studies with ATP analogs with gamma-S or nonhydrolyzable beta-gamma-phosphodiester bonds. These analogs were used by vaccinia virus RNA polymerase to nonspecifically transcribe single-stranded DNA templates but did not support accurate transcription of early genes by the complex. Transcription also was sensitive to high concentrations of novobiocin; however, this effect could be attributed to inhibition of RNA polymerase or ATPase activities rather than topoisomerase.
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PMID:Sedimentation of an RNA polymerase complex from vaccinia virus that specifically initiates and terminates transcription. 303 83

The nucleotide sequence of a 55098 bp region from the right end of the genome of a virulent African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolate (Malawi LIL20/1) has been determined. Translation of the sequence identified 67 major open reading frames (ORFs) which are closely spaced and read from both DNA strands. At six positions intergenic tandem repeat arrays are found. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of encoded proteins with protein sequence databases identified a number of homologies. These include three subunits of RNA polymerase, a protein with homology to transcription factor SII (TFSII), a DNA ligase, two subunits of mRNA capping enzyme, a DNA topoisomerase type II, a dUTPase, a protein kinase, three helicases, a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, a protein with homology to the nif S and nif S-like proteins identified in some bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a protein with homology to both a myeloid differentiation primary response antigen (MyD116) and to a herpes simplex virus-encoded neurovirulence-associated protein (ICP34.5), a protein with homology to the ASFV-encoded structural protein p22, two proteins with homology to copies of the ASFV-encoded multigene family 360 and one protein with homology to the ASFV-encoded multigene family 110. Four genes encode proteins which have homology to each other and constitute a new multigene family (MGF100). Nine ORFs encode proteins which contain predicted transmembrane domains. The possible functions of these predicted ASFV-encoded proteins are discussed and the evolutionary relationship of ASFV to other viruses are considered. Despite the similarities in genome structure and replication strategy of ASFV with poxviruses, sequence similarity between them is low and the organization of ASFV-encoded genes is not colinear with that of the orthopoxviruses.
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PMID:Nucleotide sequence of a 55 kbp region from the right end of the genome of a pathogenic African swine fever virus isolate (Malawi LIL20/1). 802 96

Temperature-sensitive mutations (ts10, ts18, and ts39) of the vaccinia virus RNA helicase nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase II (NPH-II) result in the production of noninfectious progeny virions at the restrictive temperature. The noninfectious mutant particles contain the wild-type complement of virion core and envelope polypeptides, as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results of Western blot (immunoblot) analysis indicate that these particles lack NPH-II, whereas other enzymatic components of the virus core are present. These components include the following: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunits rpo147, rpo132, rpo94, rpo35, rpo30, rpo22, and rpo18; early transcription initiation factor subunits A8 and D6; mRNA capping enzyme subunits D1 and D12; RNA cap 2'-O-methyltransferase; A18 DNA helicase; DNA-dependent ATPase NPH-I; and DNA topoisomerase. Although RNA polymerase is encapsidated by the mutant viruses, mRNA synthesis in vitro by permeabilized mutant virions is only 5 to 20% that of the wild-type virus, as judged by nucleoside monophosphate incorporation into acid-insoluble material. Moreover, the transcripts synthesized by the mutant particles are longer than normal and remain virion associated. Transcription initiation by mutant virions occurs accurately at an endogenous genomic promoter, albeit at reduced levels (1 to 7%) compared with that of wild-type virions. In contrast, extracts of the mutant virions catalyze the wild-type level of transcription from an exogenous template containing an early promoter. We conclude that NPH-II is required for early mRNA synthesis uniquely in the context of the virus particle. Possible roles in transcription termination and RNA transport are discussed.
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PMID:Vaccinia virions lacking the RNA helicase nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase II are defective in early transcription. 897 Sep 79